Chronology

Former president Kemp Plummer Battle dies at Senlac

Kemp Plummer Battle, who helped reopen the university in 1875, served as its president from 1876 and wrote its history, died in his sleep at Senlac, his home at the edge of campus. He had turned 87 in December, and his death came two weeks after Stacy's.

Subject: Senlac (Battle house)

Students open the Graham Memorial fund drive in Gerrard Hall

At a student rally led by Albert Coates, with William H. Bobbitt and Luther Hodges also speaking, students and faculty pledged $20,000 toward a building now budgeted at $150,000. The drive reached about $70,000 by its June deadline and $120,000 by the end of 1919.

People: Albert Coates · William H. (William Haywood) Bobbitt · Luther H. Hodges

Subject: Gerrard Hall · Graham Memorial

The Woman's Committee of the Council of Defense is discharged

Gov. Bickett advised in February 1919 that the legislature would not fund the Council of Defense, and on February 15 the state chairman gave all members of the Woman's Committee an honorable discharge, ending the county organization.

People: Thomas W. Bickett

Planner John Nolen delivers a campus plan for the university

Hired by the university's new buildings committees, John Nolen produced a campus plan in February 1919 that laid out fourteen new buildings, among them classrooms, a gymnasium and three dormitories. The university then engaged McKim, Mead and White and local architects to carry it out.

Orange County raises $2,075.84 for Armenian relief

An Armenian Relief campaign led by Dr. E. C. Branson ran from February 21 to March 6, 1919, and raised $2,075.84. Much of it came through the county's white and Black schools; Nellie Russell led Hillsborough Township.

People: J. Cheshire Webb · Eugene Cunningham Branson

Richard H. Lewis chairs the trustees' search for a new university president

After Edward Kidder Graham's death, the trustees named a search committee chaired by Dr. Richard H. Lewis of Raleigh, which met students and faculty on the campus in mid-February. In mid-May it put forward Frank L. McVey, Robert J. Aley and Harry W. Chase, with McVey its favorite.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

UNC faculty adopt a three-quarter academic year

Under Chase's guidance the faculty dropped the old two-term year for three quarters at its February 1919 meeting, keeping a lesson of the wartime SATC schedule. Students back in January could finish two-thirds of a year's work in six months.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Gerrard Hall memorial service for Marvin H. Stacy

Students, faculty and friends met in Gerrard Hall to remember Stacy, who had died of influenza on January 21. Former president Francis P. Venable, a childhood friend, and Albert Coates for the students spoke.

People: Francis Preston Venable · Albert Coates

Subject: Gerrard Hall

The General Assembly grants the University's full $215,000 request

The 1919 legislature approved all $215,000 a year that Chase sought, up from $165,000, and added $20,000 toward a deficit of about $47,000. With the raises that took effect in September 1919, University pay stood about a quarter above 1914.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

The county board commits $20,000 to a new Hillsboro school as a memorial to the county's war dead

The board first offered Hillsboro $5,000 for a new school plant if the town raised $2,500, then settled on $20,000, and asked that the building honor the men of the county killed in the First World War. It offered Carrboro $2,500 on condition that voters there pass a $20,000 bond issue.

Subject: Hillsborough High School

The county board sets out to close small weak schools and merge them with nearby ones

After visiting Orange Grove, which it kept as a three-teacher school, the board stated its aim of shutting small and inefficient schools and consolidating them with neighbors. The policy guided its building and busing decisions through the 1920s and 1930s.

The Chapel Hill Red Cross reports 66 cases of supplies shipped since its founding

The chapter's report of woman's work to April 12, 1919 counted 66 cases shipped from its workroom and auxiliaries: 200 comfort kits, 306 oakum pads, 8,155 dressings, 1,004 hospital garments, 20 cases of refugee clothing weighing 2,500 pounds, 235 Christmas packages and about 725 knitted articles.

Chapel Hill welcomes home its World War soldiers alongside Confederate veterans

On Saturday, May 10, 1919, a parade of Confederate veterans, returned soldiers and sailors, former student soldiers and town groups filled Franklin and Columbia Streets. Over 2,000 people crowded Memorial Hall to hear Archibald Henderson, L. P. McLendon and Joseph Hyde Pratt, with William Cain presiding.

People: Archibald Henderson · Joseph Hyde Pratt · Andrew Henry Patterson

Subject: Memorial Hall

Orange County raises $800 for the Salvation Army

In a Salvation Army campaign May 16-26, 1919, South Orange under W. S. Roberson raised $300 and North Orange under R. H. Claytor raised $500.01 on a $500 quota.

People: W. S. Roberson · R. H. Claytor

Orange County subscribes $137,050 to the Victory Liberty Loan

In the fifth, or Victory, Liberty Loan the county subscribed $137,050 against a $112,500 allotment, from 202 men, 70 women and 4 corporations. The women's committee reported $67,300 obtained by direct solicitation.

People: Harriet Morehead Berry · W. S. Roberson

Orange County towns and townships win honor flags in the Victory Loan

For meeting their Victory Loan quotas, Cedar Grove, Chapel Hill, Cheeks, Eno and Hillsborough townships and the towns of Chapel Hill and Hillsborough were awarded honor flags, the Chapel Hill News reported on May 29, 1919, crediting Mayor W. S. Roberson as Victory Loan chairman. The paper said county residents had put more than a million dollars into government securities since the first Liberty Loan.

People: W. S. Roberson

The Orange County Red Cross commits its women workers and $300 to the soldiers' homecoming

At the request of the homecoming chairman, Robertson called the chapter's executive committee and workers to the court house, where they agreed to decorate the town and serve the soldiers' dinner on July 16. He named Mrs. W. L. Wall chairman of the dinner, and the committee voted $300 of its $399 balance toward the celebration.

People: J. Cheshire Webb

Harry W. Chase is elected president of the university

The trustees elected Chase president of the University of North Carolina in June 1919. He had taught at Chapel Hill since September 1910 and had been chairman of the faculty since that January.

School superintendent R. H. Claytor becomes the county's first welfare superintendent

After the 1919 law required every county to have a welfare board, the commissioners and school board jointly elected Claytor to the added post at $600 a year, half from county and half from school funds. Wiley B. Sanders took the job part time on July 5, 1920, for six months.

People: R. H. Claytor

A thunderstorm halts Esther Wake at Cameron Park during the homecoming

University Summer School students staged Adolph Vermont's play Esther Wake, on the early history of Hillsborough and Orange County, at Cameron Park for more than 5,000 people. A heavy thunderstorm stopped it in the second act.

People: Albert Coates · N. W. Walker · Adolph Vermont

Subject: University Summer School

Black women of Hillsborough serve the homecoming dinner for Black soldiers and sailors

For the July 16, 1919 homecoming, a committee of Black residents planned a separate welcome, with Minnie Berry Martin chairing the dinner and Annie Berry the serving. Black soldiers and sailors marched in the parade with Black Red Cross workers and were served dinner at the Black school house.

Hillsborough holds the county homecoming celebration for returned soldiers

On July 16, 1919, about 15,000 people came to Hillsborough to welcome home Orange County's soldiers and sailors, with a parade, Gov. Bickett's address at the court house and a dinner for about a thousand guests in Cameron Park. J. Cheshire Webb chaired the celebration, and the county Red Cross voted $300 toward its cost, money the celebration fund turned out not to need.

People: Frank Nash · Julian S. Carr · John W. Graham · J. Cheshire Webb · Samuel Mallett Gattis · Thomas W. Bickett

Subject: Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

Some 300 county officials meet at the University as the State and County Council

Two weeks before classes, about 300 school board members, county commissioners, superintendents, health and welfare officers and juvenile judges from 76 counties met on campus to compare work under the new state welfare and school laws. Governor Thomas W. Bickett gave the welcome.

People: Thomas W. Bickett

The University opens its first postwar year with a record 1,350 students

On opening day almost 400 freshmen filled Memorial Hall to hear Chase. Enrollment reached 1,350, about 500 more than the spring before; three or four men shared rooms built for two, some 600 boarded in the village, and 80 veterans of the AEF formed a club.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase · Frank Porter Graham

Subject: Memorial Hall

Carolina plays Virginia in Chapel Hill for the first time

The Thanksgiving Day game with Virginia, the high point of the season, was held in Chapel Hill for the first time, and more than 8,000 people crowded Emerson Field.

Subject: Emerson Field

A Red Cross-funded summer institute trains social workers at the University

Before he left Emory, Howard Odum persuaded the American Red Cross to pay the summer faculty of a training institute on campus for social workers, teachers, nurses, ministers, probation officers and Red Cross, YMCA and YWCA staff. Chase let a woman instructor assist but not lead a course.

People: Howard W. Odum · Harry Woodburn Chase

A fenced playground is built beside Mill No. 7

Around 1920 a fenced playground with swings and horseshoe pits went up on the north side of Mill No. 7, one of the projects of the mills' Industrial Democracy plan. It was taken apart in World War II so its metal could go to the war effort.

A man named Blackwelder opens a service station with a petting zoo east of Hillsborough

In the 1920s Blackwelder built a gas station on Highway 70 east of Hillsborough and drew in drivers with animals including deer, pigs and a black bear. The building later served as a dance hall and, in the 1950s, a soda shop.

A service station opens across from the store at Laws

In the 1920s a service station went up across the road from the late nineteenth-century store at the Laws crossroads, as the automobile shifted crossroads trade from the country store to the gas pump.

A wedge-shaped brick store replaces a frame general store at 111 East Main Street

The one-story building, nicknamed the Flatiron for its nearly triangular plan, took the place of a frame store that had sold general goods and then drugs. It served as Carrboro's post office in the early 1930s.

Alston Grove Congregational Church builds its frame church near White Cross

The Alston Grove Congregational Church near White Cross builds a front-gable frame church around 1920 beside its cemetery.

Anatomy professor Wesley George builds a Colonial Revival cottage in Gimghoul

George Watts Carr of Durham designed Wesley George's small front-gabled, shingled house with an entrance portico at 208 Glandon Drive, a sign of the Colonial Revival taking over the Gimghoul neighborhood after its first Craftsman houses.

Subject: Gimghoul Castle and neighborhood

Archibald Henderson heads UNC's mathematics department

Henderson succeeded his uncle, William Cain, as head of the mathematics department in 1920 and led it until he retired in 1948. He built up its graduate program and departmental library.

Billy Strayhorn stays with his grandparents in Hillsborough and starts school

From about age five Strayhorn came from Ohio with his mother and siblings to his grandparents' house at the corner of Margaret Lane and Hillsborough Avenue, attended his first year of school in the town, and took to the piano his grandparents kept. He returned for breaks and summers into his early teens.

Biologist Edwin Grant Conklin gives the McNair lectures on evolution

Over three evenings in Memorial Hall, the Princeton biologist dismissed the clay-molding account of creation and said scientific doctrines stood or fell on evidence alone. His lectures were printed as part of the McNair series, and Presbyterians later cited them in charging that the university ignored the terms of John Calvin McNair's bequest.

Subject: Memorial Hall

Black families west of Hillsborough build the Gravely Hill Rosenwald School

Black families west of Hillsborough helped pay for and build Gravely Hill School, a two-teacher Rosenwald school, in the Rosenwald Fund's 1920-21 budget year. It cost $3,200: $700 from Black residents, $2,000 in public money and $500 from the Fund.

Braxton Bynum Lloyd serves as mayor of Carrboro

Dr. Lloyd, who lived and practised in Carrboro, was elected a town alderman in May 1917, when T. N. Mann won the mayoralty, and served as the town's mayor in 1920 and 1921.

Brodie Glenn, founder of Glenn Oil Company, builds a bungalow on Ragan Street

When built, the house at 503 Oak Avenue, then Ragan Street, was the only one on the west side of the street north of Shelton Street, facing six older houses across the way.

Carpenter Luther Hargrave builds a bungalow on Lindsay Street for his daughter's family

In the African American section of Northside west of Church Street, carpenter Luther Hargrave built a side-gabled bungalow with a large front dormer at 308 Lindsay Street in 1920 for his daughter and her husband.

Part of Historic Black neighborhoods of Chapel Hill and Carrboro · 55 events

Carr School gets its second classroom

The county board added a second room to Carr School in northwest Orange County, making it a two-room school twelve years after the first room was built.

Carrboro's lettered streets receive names

Until about 1920 the mill village's streets went by letters. Around then most got the names they still had in 1983; the H, I and J streets north of Mill No. 4 became Ice Avenue, Durham Street and Hosiery Street.

Contractor Brodie Thompson builds his own house on Henderson Street

Brodie Thompson, the town's leading builder of the 1920s and 1930s and contractor for many fraternity houses and village homes, built a Colonial Revival house for himself at 214 Henderson Street.

People: Brodie Thompson

Contractor Charlie Lee Martindale builds his own bungalow on East Franklin Street

Martindale, credited with many of the brick stores on Franklin Street and with the Gimghoul Castle, built the house at 1518 East Franklin Street on about two acres then outside town and did its interior woodwork himself. The Durham road first ran behind the house.

People: Charlie Lee Martindale

Delta Tau Delta buys Alice Jones's West Franklin Street property

The Delta Tau Delta fraternity bought the West Franklin Street house and lot of Miss Alice Jones. In 1936, remodeled, the house became Dr. W. Reece Berryhill's home.

Dr. Brack Lloyd has Charlie Martindale build a bungalow with Carrboro's first central heating

Around 1920 Dr. Brack Lloyd, the village doctor, hired Chapel Hill contractor Charlie Martindale to build a large one-story bungalow at 406 South Greensboro Street. It was the first house in Carrboro with a central heating system.

Dr. John Booker remodels Senlac on Battle Lane

In the 1920s Dr. John Booker, whose wife was Kemp Battle's granddaughter, reworked Senlac: he added matching one-story side wings, removed the Italianate trim and gave the house a full-width porch with Doric columns.

People: John M. Booker

Subject: Senlac (Battle house)

Efland Methodist Church builds a brick Gothic Revival church

The Efland Methodist congregation builds a brick church in the Gothic Revival style on US 70 around 1920.

Eno Methodist Church adds rear classrooms used for West Hillsborough school classes

A side-gabled addition built about 1920 gave the church its T plan and held classrooms where early West Hillsborough school classes met, before the West End School was built on Bellevue Avenue.

Subject: Eno Methodist Church

Fire destroys Gooch's Café and a row of frame stores in Chapel Hill

An early-morning fire, thought to have started in Gooch's Café, burned five frame buildings in the business district, among them Pendergraft's grocery, Peace's barber shop and Foister's book store. Summer school students carried out the bookstore's stock, and the loss was put at $35,000.

Subject: Gooch’s Café

Floyd Council and two brothers play Chapel Hill's streets as the Chapel Hillbillies

Chapel Hill-born blues guitarist and singer Floyd Council began performing in the 1920s with two brothers on the streets of the town, under the name the Chapel Hillbillies.

Henry and Lora Trice, a Black couple, build a farmhouse on their 36 acres

About 1920 a story-and-a-half frame farmhouse was built for Henry and Lora Trice on the farm they owned off Mount Sinai Road. It stood empty and decaying in 1992.

Howard W. Odum comes to Chapel Hill to lead UNC's School of Public Welfare and sociology department

Odum, a Georgia-born sociologist who had been dean of liberal arts at Emory, arrived in Chapel Hill in 1920 to direct the School of Public Welfare and the Department of Sociology. He taught at UNC for the rest of his life.

Ida Lloyd becomes the first office assistant in the county superintendent's office

The board hired Miss Ida Lloyd as Superintendent Claytor's first office assistant at $40 a month.

People: R. H. Claytor

John N. Couch begins teaching science at Chapel Hill High School

Back from army service in France, John N. Couch began teaching at Chapel Hill High School in 1920 while he finished a master's degree in botany at the university, which he received in 1922.

Subject: Chapel Hill High School

Kennon Cheek joins the janitorial staff of Venable Hall

Cheek began working for the university as a boy, helping his father Rubin Cheek, a stonemason born in slavery in Warren County, lay the stone walls around the campus. Around 1920 he joined the janitorial staff of Venable Hall.

Part of Black workers and campus labor · 31 events

Subject: Venable Hall

Log tobacco barns are built on the Tapp Farm in far northern Orange

A group of stuccoed log tobacco barns, each 18 feet square, was probably built in the 1920s on the Tapp Farm at the county's northern edge.

Louis Graves reports that Orange County has the state's biggest illicit distilling

Writing in the New Republic, Graves said North Carolina led the country in illicit still capacity and that Orange County, home of the University, had the largest distilling operations in the state, ahead of Wilkes.

Luther R. Hargraves built the tin-roofed houses that gave Tin Top its name

Luther R. Hargraves, a carpenter and Chapel Hill's first African American mortician, built a row of houses with tin roofs on Hargraves Street near the railroad tracks behind St. Paul AME, and the cluster became known as Tin Top or Tin Top Alley.

Mars Hill Baptist Church builds a Gothic Revival frame church

Mars Hill Baptist Church on NC 57 north of Hillsborough builds a frame Gothic Revival church in the 1920s, next to its cemetery.

Subject: Mars Hill Baptist Church

McDade Store No. 2 opens as a filling station at Cedar Grove

McDade Store No. 2, a small frame store with a gable-front canopy over its gas pumps, was a typical 1920s country filling station at Cedar Grove.

Subject: McDade Store

Merchant Dwight Ray builds a bungalow on Hillsborough Road

Ray, co-owner of Lloyd-Ray Hardware and later an Orange County commissioner, had the one-and-a-half-story house built at 218 Hillsborough Road. Bungalows lined the road through the 1920s and early 1930s, among them one next door built for businessman Miles Andrews.

Merchant Luther Sturdivant builds a house in Partridge Field

Sturdivant and his wife, longtime principal of the Carrboro Graded School, expected the empty tract called Partridge Field to become the town's new fashionable neighborhood. Knute Mann and builder John Squires soon built nearby, but by about 1940 only three more houses had followed and families were moving to the Hillsborough Road area instead.

Mills own only a third of Carrboro's houses

In 1920 Carrboro had about 280 textile workers and 223 houses, and the mills owned only about a third of those houses. Most of the rest were private, many of them rentals put up by local farmers and businessmen such as Brodie Lloyd.

People: Brodie Lloyd

Palmer's Grove Methodist Church builds a frame church

Two years after it was organized in the Palmer's Grove schoolhouse, the Methodist congregation northwest of Hillsborough had its modest front-gabled frame church, which the 1993 county survey dates to 1920.

R. H. Claytor serves as an elder of the Hillsboro Presbyterian Church

The school superintendent R. H. Claytor was an elder of the Hillsboro Presbyterian Church for twenty-nine years until his death in February 1949. The session's memorial resolution, read to the congregation on March 6, 1949, praised his respect for others "without concern for color, class, or creed."

Subject: Hillsborough Presbyterian Church

R. H. Marks builds Carrboro's first brick commercial building on East Main Street

R. H. Marks' Dry Goods Store, built around 1920 at 104 East Main Street, was the first brick store in Carrboro. It came through the 1924 fire that burned its frame neighbors, and the other owners on the block rebuilt in brick after its example.

R. L. Snipes opens a general store and filling station near Cedar Grove

A general store and gas station with a stepped front gable, the R. L. Snipes Store, is built on NC 86 near Cedar Grove around 1920.

The Bellevue company builds its mill village north of the mill

In the early 1920s, as it doubled the mill, the company set closely spaced houses along a narrow loop road reached from West King and South Nash streets, in three plain types; the one-and-a-half-story houses had two front doors so workers on different shifts could come and go separately. All the houses appear on the 1924 Sanborn map.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

The Bellevue mill is enlarged in 1920 and again in

Expansions in 1920 and 1923 were part of a decade of growth in which the mill more than doubled its spindles and looms, and they coincided with the building of much of its company housing.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

The Bivins brothers' tobacco basket factory is running in Hillsboro

A Hillsboro report called the Bivins brothers' basket factory a new industry doing a thriving business. It wove the large baskets used in tobacco warehouses by machine, one of few such plants in the country.

People: O. E. Bivins

The Booker family opens a crossroads store on Old NC 86

Around 1920 the Bookers built a small frame pyramidal cottage and, beside it, a gable-front rural store with a shed canopy over the front, near the Arthur Minnis Road junction.

The Five Forks meeting house north of Cedar Grove

The 1993 county survey recorded a small front-gable frame building at Five Forks, north of Cedar Grove, as Five Forks Church and estimated it at about 1920. It was most likely the old pack barn owned by Mr. Laws where Five Forks Baptist Church began meeting in 1952 and was organized in 1953, until its new church was dedicated in 1967.

Subject: Five Forks Baptist Church

The Hillsborough Methodist parsonage is remodeled and raised to two stories

Under pastor J. E. Blalock the one-story parsonage on lot 94 was remodeled with a second story added. It served until 1956.

Subject: Hillsborough Methodist Church

The Old Oxford Road schoolhouse closes as children are bused to town

Around 1920 pupils from the area began riding buses to the elementary school in Chapel Hill, and the two-room school John Edward Clark had built was made into a house.

The Sparrow family takes over a Blackwood farm near Mount Carmel Church Road

A farm first held by the Blackwood family passed to the Sparrows in the 1920s. It keeps a much-changed two-story house and a good group of log outbuildings.

The University builds ten faculty houses

In the summer of 1920 the Tar Heel reported ten new faculty houses under construction, with more promised. These were most likely the Park Place houses, of which one survives at 620 Park Place Lane.

The Walker farm on St. Mary's Road switches from grain to dairy cattle

Around 1920 the Walker family gave up grain for dairying and built a large gambrel-roofed dairy barn, milking parlors and feed barns on the St. Mary's Road farm.

Subject: George Washington Walker Farm

The boll weevil pushes southern Orange farmers from cotton to dairying

The boll weevil hit Orange County hard in the 1920s, and with cotton prices falling from over thirty cents a pound in the 1910s to ten cents by 1932, farmers in the southern part of the county turned to dairying. Silos, milking barns and gambrel-roofed barns followed in the southwest.

The university awards Francis D. Winston an honorary doctor of laws

In 1920 the University of North Carolina gave Francis D. Winston, a member of the class of 1879 and a longtime trustee, an honorary LL.D.

Three matching brick buildings for car sales and repair go up on South Churton Street

In the early 1920s three two-story brick buildings with matching arched Craftsman transoms replace earlier buildings at 100, 106 and 108 South Churton Street. The 1924 Sanborn map marks 108 as auto repair and 106 as built from plans, and the 1943 map shows 106 as auto sales.

UNC separates the student council presidency from the senior class presidency

Other fraternities, angry that Beta Theta Pi held the top campus offices, won the creation of new posts, among them a student council president separate from the class president.

William C. Coker directs a university bureau for school grounds

Coker set up and ran the UNC Extension Division's Bureau of Design and Improvement of School Grounds, which sent plans and a field assistant to schools around the state; 33 towns were helped in 1920-21. In 1921 the bureau began advising on home and factory grounds as well.

William Clarence Cole builds a Craftsman farmhouse on Smith Level Road

About 1920 William Clarence Cole put up a side-gabled Craftsman farmhouse with a front dormer on a tract split off from the Smith plantation. Four early outbuildings stand with it.

Chapel Hill's new federal post office opens on Franklin Street

Postmaster R. S. MacRae moved into the new government post office across Franklin Street from the Battle dormitory before the building was quite finished, leaving the crowded one-room office. Haymes Brothers had begun the one-story building with columns in April 1918 under a contract signed the December before.

Subject: Chapel Hill Post Office and Peace and Justice Plaza

Fire destroys the Chapel Hill Country Club clubhouse

The club's one-story clubhouse, partly of log, burned to the ground on a Saturday afternoon after a leaking oil stove soaked the floor. The faculty used the Gimghoul lodge as a clubhouse for a time, and that fall the club moved into the Gorgon's Head lodge.

Mount Olive Baptist Church is organized at Efland

Black Baptists at Efland organized Mount Olive Baptist Church and built a church the same year.

Harry W. Chase is inaugurated as president in Memorial Hall

The new ROTC unit led a procession of students, faculty, alumni and delegates from over a hundred institutions to Memorial Hall, where Chief Justice Walter Clark gave Chase the oath. Chase asked the state to see its University as the university of the South; the day ended with a banquet at Swain Hall and a reception in Bynum Gymnasium.

People: Josephus Daniels · Walter Clark

Subject: Memorial Hall

The Farmers' State Alliance auctions off its old academy headquarters

The Farmers' State Alliance had found the old Barracks property a burden since about 1901. On June 21, 1920 it was cut into lots and sold at auction, and John W. Hill got the parcel with the commandant's house.

Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

Horace Williams holds the Kenan professorship of philosophy

Williams was named a Kenan professor at the June 1920 commencement, announced by President Chase together with W. C. Coker and Louis R. Wilson. He held the Kenan chair of philosophy until 1935 and taught as professor emeritus afterwards.

Louis R. Wilson and W. C. Coker are raised to Kenan professorships

At the 1920 commencement meeting the trustees made librarian Louis Round Wilson and botanist William C. Coker Kenan professors, in the same action that recognized Horace Williams.

People: William Chambers Coker

Trustees order a building plan for 3,000 students

At commencement Chase told the trustees the University had hit its limit, with laboratories running three shifts and 500 teachers turned away from summer school, and the visiting committee called the dormitories unsafe and unsanitary. The board told Chase to list what an enrollment of 3,000 would need.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase · Charles T. Woollen

The Bank of Efland receives its state charter

The Secretary of State chartered the Bank of Efland with $25,000 in authorized capital, $10,000 of it paid in by three Efland men. The charter gave Efland its own bank.

Subject: Bank of Efland

Forty-three alumni meet at the Coop and start the campaign for the state's colleges

Telegrams sent in Chase's name by Frank Porter Graham and alumni secretary Edgar R. Rankin brought 43 alumni to the Coop, an off-campus boardinghouse, where talk of the crowding went on past midnight. The book counts the meeting as the start of the citizens' movement that won the 1921 building appropriation.

People: Frank Porter Graham · Harry Woodburn Chase

Frank Porter Graham takes the higher-education campaign to Hillsboro alumni

A day after Greensboro alumni founded the Association for the Promotion of Higher Education, Graham spoke to an alumni meeting in Hillsboro, one of nearly two dozen club gatherings across the state that October.

The University receives a life-size 1800 portrait of founder William R. Davie

Chase built the 1920 University Day program around the portrait, which had survived the Civil War buried at the Davie estate in South Carolina. He used Davie's example to argue the state should meet the University's needs now.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Trustees let Chase ask for a six-year building program

On November 5 Governor Bickett and the trustees' executive committee reversed an earlier two-year limit and let Chase plan every building needed for six years. Near the end of November he gave the State Budget Commission a $5.6 million list: dormitories for about 1,275 men, a law building, classroom buildings, a gymnasium, a women's building and faculty houses.

People: Thomas W. Bickett

The new Presbyterian church on Franklin Street is dedicated as Sprunt Memorial

The new Presbyterian church at 209 East Franklin Street, built by James Sprunt of Wilmington as a memorial to his wife, Luola Murchison Sprunt, was formally dedicated as the Sprunt Memorial Presbyterian Church. It had been under construction for about two years and in use for about a month. The pastor, William D. Moss, accepted it for the congregation.

People: James Sprunt

Subject: University Presbyterian Church

A General Education Board grant pays for 25 percent faculty raises

In late November the University learned it would get up to $50,000 from the Rockefeller-funded General Education Board, one of only two tax-supported schools helped. Chase used it for raises of 25 percent backdated to July 1.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

A neighborhood grocery is built at 425-427 West King Street

A one-story frame grocery was built around 1921 at 425-427 West King Street; the 1924 Sanborn map shows it as commercial, and by 1943 it had been made into a duplex. A small store facing South Nash Street was added at its rear after 1943.

A rail spur from Carrboro brings building materials to the campus

With the nearest railhead in Carrboro, convict labor built a $73,000 spur that ran south of Franklin Street, crossed Pittsboro Street and ended near Raleigh Road at the new dormitory sites; it was later moved toward the new mall. Neighbors blamed the Chapel Hill Limited for cracked plaster, cinders and smoke.

Alexander H. Graham acquires the Hasell-Nash House on West Queen Street

After more than ninety years with the Nash family, the house passed in 1921 to lawyer Alexander H. Graham, later lieutenant governor and a grandson of Governor William A. Graham. The Grahams sold it on August 20, 1935, to Dr. H. W. Moore, who had it restored with architect Archie Royal Davis.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Hasell-Nash House

Alice Noble joins the UNC School of Pharmacy staff

Alice Noble was hired as assistant secretary of the School of Pharmacy in 1921, the start of a decades-long tenure in which she was later librarian and secretary to Dean Edward Brecht.

Subject: UNC School of Pharmacy

Carl Durham serves on the Chapel Hill Board of Aldermen

While working as a pharmacist, Durham sat on the Chapel Hill Board of Aldermen from 1921 to 1930 and on the Chapel Hill school board from 1924 to 1938.

Connor returns to Chapel Hill as Kenan professor of history and government

Connor left his state archival work for the university in 1921 and taught at Chapel Hill until 1934, when he was named the first Archivist of the United States.

Cool Springs gets a two-teacher Rosenwald school for Black children

Cool Springs got a two-teacher Rosenwald school for Black children in the Rosenwald Fund's 1921-22 budget year, one of four Orange County schools the Fund helped build. It cost $3,200: $1,800 raised by the Black community, $600 in public money and $800 from the Fund.

J. Cheshire Webb becomes president of the Eno Cotton Mills

Webb, a director of the Eno Cotton Mills since early manhood, was made president of the Hillsborough mill in 1921. He ran it until his death in 1932 and was also a director of the Rocky Mount Mills and the Bank of Orange.

Subject: Eno Mill

James Finch Royster returns as Kenan Professor of English Philology

After seven years in Texas, Royster accepted the Kenan Professorship of English Philology, which he held until his death. Covington says President Chase recruited him back from Austin.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Lightning sets fire to the new brick grist mill

A few years after the brick mill replaced the burned frame buildings, a strike burned out its interior. It was soon repaired, and W. Albert Lloyd is said to have made it a grocery and his home; the 1925 Sanborn map lists it as his grocery warehouse.

Subject: Lloyd grist mill (Broad Street)

Louis Graves becomes the university's first journalism professor

Louis Graves came back to Chapel Hill in 1921 as the University of North Carolina's first professor of journalism. He resigned in 1924 to give his time to his newspaper.

Louis Round Wilson's survey finds thin library collections in Orange County's white schools

A questionnaire of Orange County's 48 white schools for 1921–22, including the Chapel Hill and Hillsboro graded schools, found seven with no library and 3,692 volumes for 1,586 pupils, slightly more than two books per pupil. Ten of the 25 teachers who answered said the books were used "not very much"; Wilson published the results in January 1923.

People: Louis Round Wilson

Masons lay the cornerstone of Grimes Dormitory

Masons from Hillsborough's Eagle Lodge and Chapel Hill's University Lodge laid the cornerstone of Grimes Dormitory. Past Grand Master Samuel M. Gattis of Eagle Lodge ran the ceremony and gave the address.

People: Samuel Mallett Gattis

Subject: Eagle Lodge · University Lodge

Memorial Hall is renovated with heat, electric light and sound padding

Builders laid cork on the floors and padded the vaulted ceiling with felt and burlap to fix the acoustics, and added electric lights and heat so the hall could be used year-round. It reopened for the fall 1921 term.

Subject: Memorial Hall

Robert A. Fetzer comes to the University with his brother Bill to run athletics

The University hired William McK. Fetzer as director of athletics in 1921 with his brother Robert as assistant director and coach. Robert coached track and football at first and later track alone.

Steele Dormitory, the first building of the new south quadrangle, goes up

Designed by Raleigh architect J. A. Salter and built just south of Smith Hall, Steele was the first building on what became Polk Place and the best-equipped dormitory the campus had yet seen.

Story-and-a-half houses, probably mill housing for the Newport Manufacturing Company, go up on South Occoneechee Street

Three matching one-and-a-half-story houses at 212, 216 and 218 South Occoneechee Street, built around 1920-1921, may have been mill houses for the Newport Manufacturing Company, which the 1924 Sanborn map shows on nearby Calvin Street.

The General Assembly grants almost $1.5 million for new university buildings

After a 1920 campaign by the university to expand its crowded plant, where about 1,000 students packed old dormitories and classrooms, the legislature voted close to $1.5 million for buildings in 1921 and 1922.

The Paul Riley House is built on Riley Avenue in West Hillsborough

The Paul Riley House, a one-story frame bungalow with a shed dormer and tapered porch posts, was built at Riley Avenue and Eno Street. The Rileys were among the leading West Hillsborough families, and the Paul Riley Store went up nearby on Eno Street about 1942.

The campus contractor builds separate quarters for white and Black workers

The trustees made T. C. Thompson and Brothers of Charlotte sole contractor for the $1.1 million building program, a first in the state. Its first job was housing the initial 200 workers, in one dormitory for white men and another for African American men.

The center of East Franklin Street is paved

With the town's cars numbering 95 in 1921, an 18-foot strip down the middle of East Franklin Street was paved. About ten feet of packed dirt was left on each side.

The legislature passes the Highway Act championed by Harriet Morehead Berry of Hillsborough

The 1921 act paid for a state highway network tying together the main cities and county seats. Its trunk route, the Central Highway (later U.S. 70), ran straight through Hillsborough.

The trustees' building committee names Durham engineer Thomas C. Atwood its executive agent

Atwood ran the campus expansion on the ground, hiring engineers, draftsmen, an inspector, the architect H. P. Alan Montgomery and the Charlotte contractor T. C. Thompson. Nash replaced Montgomery the next year.

People: Thomas C. Atwood

The university drops its postwar ROTC unit for lack of students

An ROTC program organized at the university after World War I was ended in 1921 because too few students took part. It was 1924 before a visiting general's call for a new unit drew applause in Memorial Hall.

Toney and William Strayhorn begin Carrboro Baptist's brick church

When the Rev. J. B. Davis called for full-time services, the Baptists traded their lot for a larger Durham Hosiery lot on North Greensboro Street and hired the Strayhorns, who laid the foundation and ground-floor walls in 1921. Money ran short and work stopped until 1924, a break visible in two shades of brick.

People: Toney Strayhorn · William Strayhorn

Subject: Carrboro Baptist Church (Century Center)

UNC completes a sewage disposal plant in Battle Park for the Park Place faculty houses

Built with convict labor under T. C. Atwood, the plant on Battle Branch treated waste from the new Park Place faculty houses and nearby homes the town mains did not reach. It was reported complete and in service by October 12, 1921.

Subject: Battle Park

Under rector Alfred Lawrence, the Chapel of the Cross asks Hobart Upjohn to design a new church

The vestry, led by its new rector Alfred Lawrence, asked church architect Hobart B. Upjohn to design a larger building linked to the old chapel by a cloister, after a 1920 diocesan resolution called for enlarging the church to serve the university.

Subject: Chapel of the Cross

White Cross AME Church builds its present church

White Cross AME Church builds a new church in 1921; the congregation refaced it in brick veneer in 1958.

William B. Neal opens the Hill Bakery in Chapel Hill

Neal started the bakery in 1921 on the lot later taken by Strowd Motor Company. After his death Mrs. Neal ran it until 1945, and it supplied most of the town's bread for over thirty years.

Women students at UNC organize a basketball team

Women, then a small group mostly in upper classes and graduate study, formed a basketball team in 1921, and men on campus wondered whether a woman would have to be given a letter.

The legislature abolishes the State Building Commission

The commission whose delays had raised the cost of Steele Dormitory was ended in the closing hours of the 1921 session, leaving Chase answerable only to the trustees' building committee for the new campus.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Tuskegee principal Robert Russa Moton speaks in Gerrard Hall

Moton, Booker T. Washington's successor at Tuskegee Institute, told his campus audience that he accepted social separation of the races and promised good relations so long as whites gave Black people education and industrial fairness.

Subject: Gerrard Hall

Fire destroys two store buildings in Hillsborough's business district

A fire that began behind O. J. and B. B. Forest's general store destroyed that brick store, the frame Spurgeon building next door with Tolar's grocery and Dr. J. S. Spurgeon's dental office, and a storehouse. The brick post office building stopped the fire, which did about $30,000 in damage with little insurance.

Black clubwomen buy the Forrest farm at Efland for their home for girls

The North Carolina federation of Black women's clubs, led by Charlotte Hawkins Brown, bought the 143-acre farm of S. C. and Carrie Forrest at Efland as the site of its industrial home for Black girls. Plans for the first building were drawn that September, and the federation deeded the land to the home's trustees on August 3, 1922.

People: Charlotte Hawkins Brown

Subject: North Carolina Industrial Home for Colored Girls (Efland Home)

Chapel Hill's town board orders a brick fire house built in Columbia Street

The town ordered a fire house of about $4,000 built in the middle of Columbia Street just north of Rosemary, and on August 9 let the contract to J. T. Squires for $3,988. It served until the 1938 town hall and fire station went up beside it.

Carrboro's new school building goes up

Carrboro's new brick school building was under construction in the summer of 1921 and was expected to be ready for the September term. The old schoolhouse was advertised for sale at the end of the year.

Subject: Carrboro Elementary School

A freight wreck at the Occoneechee Farm siding sets a gasoline tank car burning

Three cars of a Southern freight train, one a gasoline tank car, left the track at the Occoneechee Farm siding east of Hillsboro. The tank car caught fire and burned through the night, a flour car and a lumber car burned, and passengers were transferred around the torn-up track until repairs the next afternoon.

Subject: Occoneechee Farm · North Carolina Railroad

Plans are drawn for the first cottage of the Efland Home

In a letter of September 5, 1921, to state welfare commissioner Kate Burr Johnson, Charlotte Hawkins Brown reported that plans were under way for a cottage at the Efland site estimated at $5,000. The architect is not known, but the finished building follows a professional drawing except for its weatherboard walls, which replaced brick to save money.

People: Charlotte Hawkins Brown

Subject: North Carolina Industrial Home for Colored Girls (Efland Home)

Charles E. Maddry urges the faculty to add religious instruction

At Harry W. Chase's invitation, Maddry, a university graduate just back from an Austin pastorate to lead the Baptist State Convention, met the faculty and described the University of Texas plan, under which denominations paid Bible teachers whose courses earned university credit. No decision was taken; Chase sent the question to the faculty committee on educational policy.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Drought shrinks the University's water supply and delays the fall opening

After four hot, dry months Strowd's Creek, the main water source, had dwindled, and plants in the arboretum died. On local health officials' advice Chase asked students not to arrive before October 4, when a temporary six-inch line to Morgan's Creek was due to be ready.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Fire destroys the main building of the old University Inn

Fire on November 30, 1921 destroyed the main building of the old University Inn, the former Eagle Hotel, and left 42 student roomers without quarters; students on the roof with a hose saved the annex Nancy Hilliard had built for President Polk's 1847 visit. The annex stood until it was razed in January 1924 to clear the site for Graham Memorial.

People: Nancy Hilliard

Subject: Eagle Hotel (Chapel Hill)

A two-story addition turns the Hill Farm house to face a new way

In 1922 a big two-story frame wing was added to the Hill Farm house east of Hillsborough on St. Mary's Road, changing the direction the house faced. The older part, a rear ell from the late eighteenth century, became a back wing.

Subject: Hill Farm (Roland Hill House)

Arthur Cleveland Nash comes to Chapel Hill as the university's architect

Nash moved to Chapel Hill in 1922 to serve as architect for the University of North Carolina during its major expansion, working with the builder Thomas C. Atwood and the consulting firm McKim, Mead and White of New York.

People: Thomas C. Atwood

Atwood and Nash rebuild Old East inside a fireproof concrete frame

After Old East was condemned, the firm of Atwood and Nash put a fireproof concrete frame inside the building, restored its eastern porches and left the outside lines unchanged. It was back in use as a dormitory by 1925.

Subject: Old East

Bethlehem Presbyterian Church builds a Classical Revival church at Oaks

In 1922 the Bethlehem Presbyterian congregation at Oaks built a church fronted by a tall portico on square columns, with dentils along the eaves and large nine-over-nine windows. The congregation dates from early in the nineteenth century, and the form says its church has been replaced at least three times.

Subject: Bethlehem Presbyterian Church

Brodie Thompson oversees the building of the Ben Warren house on Hillsborough Street

Julius A. "Ben" Warren, the university's treasurer, and his wife Pattie Spurgeon Warren built a large two-story frame house at 301 Hillsborough Street on four acres he had bought in 1917, under the supervision of local builder Brodie Thompson.

Chapel Hill hires its first town manager, E. M. Knox

Chapel Hill appoints E. M. Knox as its first town manager. He served until 1928, when J. M. Foushee took the post.

Courts clear the University's claim to $75,000 a year from the Bingham estate

Five years of litigation over Mary Lily Kenan Flagler Bingham's bequest ended in late 1922, confirming the University's right to an annual income of $75,000 from her estate.

Edgar Wallace Knight serves on the Chapel Hill School Board

Knight was a member of the Chapel Hill School Board for thirty years.

Graduate dean James Finch Royster builds a house on East Franklin Street

James Finch Royster, dean of the UNC graduate school in the later 1920s, built the two-story house at 619 East Franklin Street in 1922.

Howard W. Odum founds the Journal of Social Forces at UNC

Two years after coming to UNC, Odum founded and edited the Journal of Social Forces, the journal now titled Social Forces.

James Finch Royster becomes dean of the College of Liberal Arts

Royster became dean of the College of Liberal Arts in 1922 and introduced the major-minor system, sectioning of students by ability, and an advisory system that later grew into the General College.

John M. Booker outlines sixteen more buildings for the growing campus

With enrollment rising past 1,600, English professor John M. Booker, a member of the faculty building committee, presented a plan with sites for sixteen buildings beyond the seven already funded, which he said would be needed within a few years to serve 3,000 students. He had also urged grouping buildings by purpose in the new campus plan.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

John Sprunt Hill offers the Graves lot and $10,000 for an alumni hotel

Hill offered the Graves property across from the west entrance plus $10,000 if 1,000 to 1,500 alumni would each give $100 toward a hotel whose profits would go to the University. The investors did not come, so he built the Carolina Inn himself.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Subject: The Carolina Inn

Mangum Dormitory opens, named for three members of the Mangum family

The university opened Mangum Dormitory in 1922, naming it for Senator Willie Person Mangum, his nephew Willie Person Mangum Jr., and Professor Adolphus Williamson Mangum.

People: Willie P. Mangum

Manly Residence Hall is completed and named for Charles and Matthias Manly

Manly Residence Hall, finished in 1922, carries the names of Charles Manly, a trustee from 1821 to 1868 and governor from 1849 to 1851, and his brother Matthias Manly, a judge and trustee from 1874 to 1881.

McDuffie Memorial Baptist Church is organized

J. F. McDuffie and Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Franklin organized a Baptist church named for McDuffie, who became its first pastor. It built a 130-seat church the same year.

Murphey, Saunders and Manning halls are designed in the university's building office

On the east side of the new south quadrangle, H. P. Alan Montgomery, architect in the university's building office under Thomas C. Atwood, laid out a smaller court of classroom buildings, with McKim, Mead and White as consulting architects: Murphey Hall for languages and literature, Saunders Hall (now Carolina Hall) for history and social science, and Manning Hall, with an Ionic portico and cupola, for the law school.

People: Arthur Cleveland Nash · Thomas C. Atwood

Subject: UNC School of Law

New Bethel Methodist Church builds a frame church near Rougemont

New Bethel Methodist in northeastern Orange County builds a frame church with a recessed entrance in 1922.

Subject: New Bethel Methodist Church

Old East is condemned as unsafe

The university's first building was condemned when some of its walls were found to have bowed as much as three inches.

Subject: Old East

Retired judge Robert W. Winston reenters the university as a freshman

Robert W. Winston, class of 1879 and a former Superior Court judge, came back to UNC as a freshman in the 1922-23 session. At the year's end he addressed the freshman class in chapel, saying he had taken the freshman intelligence test the day before at sixty-three and would return as a sophomore.

Robert Ervin Coker becomes professor of zoology at UNC

Coker, who had worked for the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, accepted a professorship of zoology at Chapel Hill.

Robert L. Strowd's two-story brick Strowd Building goes up on East Franklin Street

The Strowd Building was new and already taking tenants in January 1923, when a law fraternity moved in; by March a print shop was planned for its basement. The University Cafeteria had announced in June 1922 that it would open that fall in a larger new building.

The O. E. Bivins House, a Craftsman bungalow, is built on North Hassell Street

The 2014 National Register documentation for the Hillsborough Historic District names the hip-roofed Craftsman bungalow at 112 North Hassell Street the O. E. Bivins House and dates it about 1922. O. E. Bivins was a Hillsboro manufacturer who ran the town's tobacco basket factory with his brothers.

People: O. E. Bivins

The State Highway Commission builds a concrete bridge over the Eno at Hillsboro

The commission let State Project 453, a bridge over the Eno at Hillsboro, to contractor George W. Kane for $30,651.20 on February 8, 1922, and work was well along by July. The reinforced concrete bridge, now on Exchange Park Lane, was the main way into town from the south until 1964.

Subject: Eno River road bridge, Hillsborough

The law school moves to a three-year course with new entrance rules

By the end of 1922 the law curriculum had become a three-year course of study with new admission requirements, part of Dean Lucius McGehee's effort to meet American Bar Association standards.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Subject: UNC School of Law

Trustees create a School of Engineering

The trustees joined the departments of civil and electrical engineering into a school of engineering, one of several steps Chase took in 1922 toward a full university.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Trustees put Graham Memorial on the site of the burned University Inn

After other sites were floated, the trustees settled on the University Inn lot, set back from Franklin Street. Alumni pledges then stood near $120,000, only half of it paid.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Subject: Eagle Hotel (Chapel Hill) · Graham Memorial

UNC is admitted to the Association of American Universities

Membership put the University beside Yale, Harvard, Columbia and Johns Hopkins. Virginia had been a founder, but Chapel Hill was the first Southern university voted in.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

UNC trustees name a new classroom building for William L. Saunders

The trustees named one of the new buildings Saunders Hall to honor Saunders as a Confederate veteran, a university trustee and a leader of the state Ku Klux Klan. It was built for the history department.

University trustees create the Thomas Ruffin Professorship of Law for Henry Groves Connor, who declines it

In 1922 the trustees created the Thomas Ruffin Professorship of Law for federal judge Henry Groves Connor, and President Harry Woodburn Chase hoped he would ease the law school's change of deans. Connor declined, as he had declined a law professorship in 1899.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Subject: UNC School of Law

New health rules cover Chapel Hill dairies, restaurants and boardinghouses

To head off food-borne illness as off-campus eateries fed more and more students, new health regulations on dairies, restaurants and boardinghouses took effect in January 1922.

Dwight Ray and Seaton Lloyd open the Lloyd-Ray hardware store in Carrboro

Dwight Ray and Seaton Lloyd, both from families of the White Cross and Carrboro communities, opened their hardware and furniture store in April 1922. Over the next 37 years it became the place where Carrboro talked over town and county politics.

The Susan Graham memorial fountain replaces the old town well on Franklin Street

Townspeople set up a marble drinking fountain designed by Roger Noble Burnham at the curb of Franklin Street, on the site of the old town well, in memory of Susan Williams Graham.

Jody and Mattie Sparrow open a concrete swimming pool below their house

The Sparrows built the pool, a novelty for the area, across the stream from their hilltop house on Old Pittsboro Road, with parking above and bath houses and refreshment stands nearby; it had its first swim in late May 1922 as the Maple Spring pool. Sparrow's Pool charged admission and drew swimmers from Burlington to Raleigh, and Mrs. Sparrow kept it running until about 1959.

Trustees vote to ask for a 200-bed teaching hospital in Chapel Hill

A June 1 report by Dean Isaac H. Manning, Chase and Dr. Richard H. Lewis found the state 45th in hospital beds and short of doctors. Twelve days later the full board voted to ask the legislature for a 200-bed teaching hospital at Chapel Hill, a memorial to the World War dead, so the two-year medical school could grow to four years.

People: Isaac Hall Manning · Harry Woodburn Chase · Richard H. Lewis

Subject: UNC School of Medicine · UNC Medical Center (N.C. Memorial Hospital)

University trustees name the new law building for John Manning

At their June 13, 1922 meeting the university trustees approved naming the new law building for John Manning. The School of Law moved into Manning Hall before the fall 1923 semester.

Subject: UNC School of Law

The county board agrees to build a new school at Cedar Grove

On August 11, 1922, under superintendent Claytor, the county board agreed to build a modern school at Cedar Grove once state building-fund money came. The building was accepted in January 1924 and named Aycock School. Carrboro's new school, planned under the same program, was already going up in 1921.

People: R. H. Claytor

Subject: Aycock School

Hillsboro finishes its new $100,000 school building

The town's new brick school on West Tryon Street was reported ready within a week in September 1922, though a shortage of desks held up the opening. By early 1923 it housed grades one through eleven for the consolidated Hillsboro schools under principal J. A. Abernethy.

Subject: Hillsborough High School

Houston J. Walker and Allen H. Walker Sr. open Walker's Funeral Home in Hillsborough

Houston J. Walker and his son Allen H. Walker Sr. opened Walker's Funeral Home in Hillsborough, buying a Model T Ford and a Reo hearse. The family added branches in Chapel Hill in 1937 and Mebane in 1945.

Subject: Walker’s Funeral Home

Black clubwomen sell two-cent stamps across the state to build the first cottage at Efland

The state federation of Black women's clubs, led by Charlotte Hawkins Brown, sold two-cent stamps across the state in November 1922 to raise $5,000 for the first cottage of the North Carolina Industrial Home for Colored Girls at Efland, on land it had bought the year before.

People: Charlotte Hawkins Brown

Subject: North Carolina Industrial Home for Colored Girls (Efland Home)

William C. Coker's committee is put in charge of the care of the whole campus

After Coker drew his 'Plan A' for siting dormitories on the campus's east side, the grounds and buildings committee in December 1922 gave him and a subcommittee charge of the care and improvement of the entire campus, with its own budget. The nomination calls him in effect the university's first resident planner.

Trinity's William P. Few proposes a joint medical school with UNC

After the trustees' site committee split on December 16, Few met the committee at the governor's mansion and offered a four-year school with two years at Chapel Hill and two in Durham near Watts Hospital, backed by $1 million from each side and a Trinity endowment. Morrison endorsed it that night, but Baptist protest over church and state killed it within weeks.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase · Isaac Hall Manning · Cameron Morrison

Subject: UNC School of Medicine

"Judge" Brockwell's cabin at the edge of Battle Park burns

The cabin known as "Judge" Brockwell's, on the edge of Battle Park, burns down. Early in 1924 coach Bill Fetzer bought the plot in the new Gimghoul development and planned a Colonial house there.

Subject: Battle Park

A Durham man named Pollard builds a brick duplex at 738 East Franklin Street

The buff-brick, two-story duplex with a two-level front porch and sleeping-porch ells may have housed the Pollards for a time but served mostly as rental housing. It changed owners several times before the Lacock family bought it in the 1940s.

A hard-surface road links Chapel Hill and Durham

A new eighteen-foot concrete road ran from the center of Chapel Hill to Durham, credited to trustee John Sprunt Hill as a state highway commissioner. Franklin Street merchants declined to pay for paving its edges, so mud borders remained.

A two-story brick store block is built at 173-175 East Franklin Street

The two-bay, brick-veneered commercial building with corbelled brickwork is reported to date from 1923. It had been altered by 1992.

Albert Coates joins the law faculty at Chapel Hill

Coates, a university graduate with a Harvard law degree, joined the law faculty in 1923. The schools he ran for police officers and sheriffs grew into the Institute of Government.

Subject: Institute of Government · UNC School of Law

Albert Ray Newsome joins the UNC history faculty

Newsome, a 1915 UNC graduate, returned to Chapel Hill from graduate study at Michigan as an assistant professor of history and stayed until 1926.

Chapel Hill Baptists build a Neoclassical church at Franklin and Columbia streets

Leaving their church a few blocks west, the Baptists built a tan brick and stone church with an Ionic portico on a raised basement at the corner of West Franklin and South Columbia streets, facing the campus. Frank Milburn designed it, probably his last Chapel Hill job.

Subject: University Baptist Church

Delta Kappa Epsilon completes the first of the large new fraternity houses

In the move off the old campus row, DKE finished the first of the big Colonial Revival chapter houses in 1923; Sigma Alpha Epsilon and Sigma Chi soon followed, and the South Columbia Street court had five houses by 1926.

Fire guts the upper story of Edward Kidder Graham's former house

A 1923 fire burned out the upper floor of the late president's house, then rented to faculty, and destroyed many of Graham's personal papers stored there. The house still stood in the twenty-first century.

Fitch-Riggs Lumber Company buys Andrews and Lloyd's Carrboro lumber business

In 1923 the Mebane firm Fitch-Riggs took over Andrews and Lloyd, a small Carrboro lumber business with one employee, and R. Bernice Fitch ran the Carrboro plant. It traded as Fitch-Riggs Lumber Co. into 1925 and as Fitch Lumber Co. by 1927, and by 1953 it was Carrboro's oldest small concern, with 20 men, a planing mill and a coal yard.

Henry Groves Connor lectures in the university law school

Federal judge Henry Groves Connor lectured in the University of North Carolina law school in the summer of 1923. He came back to Chapel Hill for the same purpose in 1924 and fell ill there.

Subject: UNC School of Law

John Sprunt Hill chairs the trustees' buildings committee

As a university trustee, John Sprunt Hill chaired the committee on university buildings during the campus building program of 1923 to 1931.

John T. Fowler buys the Model Market at auction

After Sam Pickard died, John T. Fowler bought his Model Market at auction. Fowler's sons enlarged it after 1925, and Robert L. Fowler later moved it across the street.