Chronology

Julius Chambers graduates first in his class from the UNC School of Law

Chambers graduated first in his class from the University's School of Law in Chapel Hill in 1962. He went on to practice civil rights law in Charlotte.

Subject: UNC School of Law

Lillian Hughes Prince leaves funds to the Carolina Playmakers

Lillian Hughes Prince, who had acted in thirty or more Playmakers productions, left considerable funds to the Carolina Playmakers in her will. She died in New York and was buried in Chapel Hill Cemetery.

Subject: Carolina Playmakers · Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Nate Davis moves from Northside Elementary to Chapel Hill Junior High

In 1962, after sixth grade at Northside Elementary, Davis went to Chapel Hill Junior High School on Franklin Street as one of the first Black students in the town's formerly white schools. Harassment kept him out of school for two or three months, and he later attended the new Chapel Hill High School when it opened.

Subject: Chapel Hill High School · Northside School

Quakers from the Chapel Hill and Durham meetings found Carolina Friends School

Members of the Chapel Hill and Durham Friends meetings founded Carolina Friends School as a purposely integrated school, beginning with early education programs in the two meeting houses. Mildred Ringwalt was one of the seven founders and the first clerk of its board of trustees.

Robert Burns and Brian Shawcroft design a house for Robert Work on Hillcrest Circle

Robert Burns and Brian Shawcroft designed the 1962 house at 214 Hillcrest Circle for the chemist Robert Work and his wife: two levels stepped into the hillside, a glazed rear wall, an elevated deck and a central open stair. It won a national Homes for Better Living award and a state AIA award.

Hyconeechee Regional Library director David Flick writes a books column for the News of Orange County

By January 1962 the News of Orange County was running "Between the Covers," a column of news and comment on books in the public library by the director of the Hyconeechee Regional Library. The North Carolina Library Association's 1962 directory lists David Flick as the region's director, at Yanceyville.

Subject: Orange County Public Library · The News of Orange County

James Riley opens the Hillsboro Fish Market in the old Godfrey's store on Highway 70

James Riley opened the Hillsboro Fish Market on Highway 70 West, in front of Kenan Oil Company in the former Godfrey's Home Supply store, selling fresh fish cleaned free. By August 1962 it had moved to his old market next to Eno Methodist Church.

Two federally funded kindergartens operate at the Efland schools

A federal research grant was paying for two public kindergartens in the county, one at Efland Elementary and one at Efland-Cheeks, the Black school. The board limited them to five-year-olds living in the Efland district.

Subject: Efland schools

Portrait of the late Sheriff Oddie Clayton is hung in the sheriff's office

A portrait of the late Orange County sheriff Oddie Clayton, painted by Hillsborough artist Edmund Strudwick and paid for by public subscription in a drive led by ABC Police Chief Burch Compton, was hung in the county sheriff's office before members of his family.

Subject: Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

Law dean Henry Brandis Jr. turns down Albert Coates's last appeal for a merger

Coates sent Dean Henry Brandis Jr. a pleading letter with thirty-nine pages of enclosures urging that the Institute become part of the law school. Brandis refused to reopen the question and said that once Coates returned to full-time teaching, Institute staff would no longer teach his courses, since their part had weakened the school's instruction.

People: Henry P. Brandis Jr.

Subject: UNC School of Law

Orange County was still running a separate library for Black readers

The county bookmobile schedule printed in March 1962 listed a Thursday stop from 1:30 to 2:00 at the Orange Co. Negro Public Library. The previous year's vacation reading club invited children to register either at the Confederate Memorial Public Library or at the Orange County Negro Public Library in Hillsboro.

Subject: Orange County Public Library

Carl Smith leads the Democratic primary for Orange County commissioner

Carl Smith of Chapel Hill topped the six-man Democratic primary for three county commissioner seats with 3,783 votes, ahead of Gordon Cleveland and Donald McDade; nomination usually amounted to election in the county.

Chapel Hill Human Relations Committee asks for a Black nurse on the district health staff

At a Chapel Hill Human Relations Committee meeting, Esther Atwater said the district health department needed a Black nurse on its staff. Chairman Dr. William Joyner said he would take the request to District Health Officer Dr. O. D. Garvin.

People: O. David Garvin

Chancellor Aycock chooses John Sanders to succeed Albert Coates as director of the Institute

After Coates would not name a successor through months of talks, Chancellor William B. Aycock picked assistant director John Sanders, then thirty-five, who accepted in a short meeting with Aycock and Dean of Faculty James Godfrey. Sanders, on the staff since October 1956, took over when Coates left the post on August 31, 1962.

People: Albert Coates

The Orange County Council on Alcoholism opens its headquarters in an addition to Calvin Burch's cabinet shop

The council's rehabilitation committee moved into a new office built onto Calvin Burch's cabinet shop on old NC 86, rented as a round-the-clock place for counseling and advice. Burch chaired the committee, which reported 54 cases in its first year there.

The Orange Printshop closes after 39 years

The Orange Printshop, founded by Louis Graves in 1923 with the Chapel Hill Weekly, stopped work at the close of business on August 15, 1962. W. M. Pugh had run it as lessee since the 1940s, and the building had just been sold to the Bank of Chapel Hill.

Subject: The Orange Printshop

Edmund Strudwick speaks against a new federal access road and bridge into Hillsborough

At a public hearing in Hillsborough on a proposed $338,000 federal project for a new access road and bridge into the town, artist Edmund Strudwick opposed it, saying he did not want more cars coming up Churton Street. The News of Orange County called the opposition thin.

Albert Coates retires as director of the Institute of Government

Coates retired as director of the Institute he founded on August 31, 1962, but stayed on the law faculty, teaching full time until about 1967 and a reduced load until a stroke in early 1968.

Subject: Institute of Government

Charles E. Maddry's funeral is held at Hillsborough Baptist Church

Charles E. Maddry, pastor of the church at the start and end of his fifty-three-year ministry and former head of the Southern Baptist Foreign Mission Board, died on September 17 and was buried at Richmond after a funeral in the Hillsborough church.

James J. Freeland's Dixie Motor Inn opens at Interstate 85 and NC 86

The Dixie Motor Inn, owned by James J. and James Rae Freeland, opened two miles south of Hillsborough where Interstate 85 meets NC 86. It had 16 air-conditioned units and was the sixth motel the elder Freeland had built in Orange, Durham and Wake counties.

People: James John Freeland

Neal's Restaurant opens beside the Dixie Motor Inn south of Hillsborough

Neal Humphries, a Durham restaurant man for 15 years, opened Neal's Restaurant next to the new Dixie Motor Inn at I-85 and NC 86. It seated 75, stayed open around the clock and served steaks, seafood and fried chicken.

Chapel Hill Planning Board reviews the Research Triangle Planning Area land use plan

The Chapel Hill Planning Board held a special meeting to review the Research Triangle Planning Commission's land use plan for the planning area, which projected population and density to 1980. The Chapel Hill Weekly described the plan as a major guide for future zoning changes and school locations.

Arthur Cogswell designs a barrel-vaulted concrete house for David Hill

In 1963 Cogswell built a concrete house with a barrel-vaulted roof at 205 Wood Circle in Coker Hills for Duke engineering professor David Hill, an example of the period's trials of new building materials.

Aycock and Hillsborough High schools are consolidated into Orange High School

When Orange High School opened in 1963, the county consolidated the high school grades of Aycock School in Cedar Grove and Hillsborough High School into it, and the older buildings became junior high or elementary schools. Some Aycock seniors went to Eastern Alamance High School in Mebane, but most went to Orange High.

Subject: Orange High School · Hillsborough High School · Aycock School

Chapel Hill Town Hall is remodeled with a mezzanine over the old fire bays

A general remodeling added a mezzanine over the first-floor fire engine garage and a new stair, and the engine doors on Columbia Street were later filled with windows.

Subject: Chapel Hill Town Hall (1938)

David Caldwell's family bought a home on Rogers Road

David Caldwell, later a RENA leader, said his family moved from Merritt Mill Road to Rogers Road when Black families got the chance to buy homes there. He recalled a farming neighborhood of about thirteen houses, with dirt roads and cornfields.

People: David Caldwell Jr.

Subject: Rogers-Eubanks Neighborhood Association

Floyd McKissick sends organizers to Chapel Hill and defends arrested demonstrators

As head of CORE's Durham office, McKissick sent organizer Quinton Baker to Chapel Hill in 1963 to teach nonviolence and demonstration tactics, and he acted as attorney for many demonstrators arrested there. Letters to him in 1964 include one written from the Orange County jail.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Governor Terry Sanford establishes the Historic Hillsborough Commission

Interest stirred by the county and town bicentennials led to the commission, whose first projects included buying and restoring the Burwell School in 1965.

Guy B. Johnson is named Kenan professor of anthropology and sociology

Johnson became Kenan professor of anthropology and sociology at UNC in 1963 and retired six years later.

Inter-Church Council forms

Seven women’s organizing led to coordinated local poverty relief.

Subject: Inter-Faith Council for Social Service

James Brittian is expelled from Lincoln High School after a civil rights march

Brittian, a student at the segregated Lincoln High School, was expelled for taking part in a civil rights protest march. He then became chairman of the Student Commission, a branch of the Chapel Hill Freedom Commission.

Part of Segregated schooling and the rise of Lincoln and Central High Schools · 45 events

Subject: Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School

Mary Claire Engstrom documents 122 Hillsborough sites for the Historic American Buildings Survey

From 1963 to 1965 Mary Claire Engstrom documented 122 old structures and historic sites in and around Hillsborough for the Historic American Buildings Survey. Her research helped many of them reach the National Register, including the Nash-Hooper House as a National Historic Landmark, and helped establish two Hillsborough historic districts.

Subject: Nash-Hooper House

Mary Claire Engstrom helps found the Hillsborough Historical Society

Mary Claire Engstrom was instrumental in founding the Hillsborough Historical Society, which filed National Register applications for local buildings, led walking tours and published newsletters and journals. It merged with the Orange County Historical Museum in 2007.

Subject: Orange County Historical Museum

Orange Junior High School opens in the old Hillsborough High School building

When the county consolidated its white high schools into Orange High in 1963, it organized Orange Junior High School for grades six through nine in the old Hillsborough High School building, with Ted Shoaf as principal.

Subject: Hillsborough High School · Orange High School

Peg Owens takes over Lake Forest and names it Lake Forest Estates

Peg Owens bought part of the Lake Forest subdivision in 1963 and carried on its development. She also acquired the land west of Eastwood Lake along today's North Shore Drive, laid out its streets and built many of its first houses between 1965 and 1968, and gave the whole area the name Lake Forest Estates.

The Chapel Hill Weekly moves into the old Harris-Connors Chevrolet agency on West Franklin

The town's weekly paper took over the space the Chevrolet dealer had left. Renamed the Chapel Hill Newspaper, it moved a few doors west in late 1973.

Subject: The Chapel Hill Weekly

The Colonial Dames erect a marble monument to the hanged Regulators beside the Hughes Academy schoolhouse

In 1963 the North Carolina Society of the Colonial Dames of America erected a marble slab monument to the six Regulators hanged at Hillsborough in June 1771, placing it next to the historic Hughes Academy schoolhouse in Hillsborough. The men's grave, thought to lie near the Eno, has never been found.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

The General Assembly makes the Orange County Board of Education an elected five-member board

A 1963 local act (H.B. 1329) set the county school board at five members chosen by voters in partisan elections from 1964 on, with six-year staggered terms and no more than two members from any one township.

The Underwood family buys Murphey School at public auction

The school property was sold at public auction in 1963 to the Underwood family.

Subject: Murphey School

UNC completes Coker Hall and names it for William C. Coker

The university completed a new building in 1963 and named it Coker Hall for William Chambers Coker, Kenan professor of botany and long-time head of the buildings and grounds committee.

The Torian family deeds a lot beside Ridge Road School to Emma Torian Jones and Rev. Walter Jones

Maggie Torian and her children conveyed 0.79 acre west of the school, on Coleman Loop Road, to her daughter Emma and Emma's husband, Rev. Walter Warren Jones, who built a frame house there. Walter and Maggie Torian, Black farmers, had owned the land the school stood on and supplied its water.

Subject: Ridge Road School

Jayne Mansfield rides in the pace car at Orange Speedway

Film star Jayne Mansfield, in North Carolina for a nightclub date in Greensboro, rode in the pace car to start the 150-mile race at Orange Speedway. Orange County sheriff's deputies Will Gilmore and Avery Maddry acted as her bodyguards, and she watched from the judges' stand, signing autographs.

Part of Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough · 34 events

Subject: Occoneechee Speedway

Chapel Hill Planning Board favors a large village in response to the Triangle commission's development plan

Reviewing the Research Triangle Planning Commission staff's General Development Plan for Chapel Hill to 1980, the Planning Board went on record preferring that the town grow as a large village rather than a small city. The plan also addressed subdivision layout, a collector road system and a proposed lake on Bolin Creek north of town.

Junior Johnson wins the spring 150-miler at Orange Speedway

Junior Johnson won the spring 150-mile Grand National race at Orange Speedway in March 1963.

Subject: Occoneechee Speedway

Orange County Board of Education closes Caldwell School

In 1961 the county board weighed a proposal to close White Cross School at once and Caldwell School later. In March 1963, in the consolidation that came with the new Orange High School, it voted to close the white-only Caldwell School, built in 1925, and from that fall its pupils went to Aycock and Cameron Park. The county could not sell the building until 1973.

Subject: Caldwell School · Orange High School · Aycock School · Cameron Park School · White Cross School

Orange County completes a new Agricultural Building in Hillsborough

The county's new Agricultural Building, designed by Archie Davis, passed final inspection and the county's agricultural offices moved in. A dedication and open house were set for April 1.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Student pickets begin marching outside the segregated College Cafe

The Student Peace Union and the NAACP put pickets in front of the segregated College Cafe on East Franklin Street, saying they would keep on until it integrated. The picketing led to the forming of the Committee for Open Business that May.

Subject: College Cafe

Floyd McKissick and Malcolm X appear together at UNC's Memorial Hall

A day after their meeting in Durham, Durham attorney Floyd McKissick and Malcolm X appeared at UNC in a meeting moved from Howell Hall to Memorial Hall when about 1,600 people came. McKissick said he believed the Muslim movement had grown out of the frustration of Black Americans.

Subject: Memorial Hall

NAACP chapter pickets North Carolina Memorial Hospital over segregated rooms and wards

The UNC chapter of the NAACP organized a picket in April 1963 to protest that private rooms and certain wards for Black patients at the hospital were still segregated, although outpatient clinics, recovery rooms, pediatrics and the cafeteria had been integrated. Hospital officials opposed the demonstration.

Part of Segregation and access to medical care · 14 events

Subject: UNC Medical Center (N.C. Memorial Hospital)

Gerard Tempest opens Villa Tempesta, an arts center and café, on East Franklin Street

More than 2,000 people toured artist Gerard Tempest's Villa Tempesta, an Italian-style villa built from pieces of the old Duke and Watts mansions in Durham, at its open house; its studios and espresso café opened for regular business the following Thursday.

Roosevelt Warner is elected the first Black member of the Hillsboro Board of Commissioners

Roosevelt Warner, a masonry contractor and business owner, led the field of eleven candidates with 281 votes for the five-member Board of Town Commissioners on his second try, unseating incumbent Herman H. Strayhorn. Two years earlier he had been the town's first Black candidate, finishing last with 180 votes.

Research Triangle Planning Commission projects Chapel Hill school growth to

John Scott of the Research Triangle Planning Commission told the Chapel Hill School Board that district enrollment could reach 8,000 pupils by 1980, more than double the current number, and cited a 1960 township population of 25,000. The commission delivered its full report on school needs to 1980 by late July.

Aldermen hear Daniel Pollitt's opinion that Chapel Hill may pass a public accommodations law, then shelve it

At a Town Hall hearing attended by more than 200 people, Mayor Sandy McClamroch read an opinion by Pollitt that Chapel Hill had the authority to enact a public accommodations ordinance and that similar laws elsewhere had withstood court tests. The Board of Aldermen then voted 4 to 2 to postpone the ordinance indefinitely.

Part of The Chapel Hill civil-rights demonstrations, 1963–1964 · 16 events

People: Sandy McClamroch

Teacher Hassie Vanhook Gattis retires after 34 years

Hassie Vanhook Brooks Gattis retired in 1963 after 34 years of teaching Black children in northern Orange County, at the Sartin, Grover, Poplar Grove and Carr schools and, from about 1955, at Cedar Grove. The News of Orange County marked her retirement in June.

Subject: Cedar Grove schools

The General Joseph E. Johnston Motel is among motels that agree to admit Black guests

The Carolina Times reported that all eleven motels in the Durham area, the General Joseph Johnston Motel among them, had agreed to admit Black guests.

Subject: General Johnston Motel and General Sherman Restaurant

Police carry out demonstrators sitting in at the Chapel Hill-Carrboro Merchants Association office

Members of the Committee for Open Business sat in and sang in the Merchants Association office on West Franklin Street to press merchants to desegregate. Police carried out 27 on trespass warrants signed by director Joe Augustine, and 34 were arrested that day in all.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

People: Harold Foster · Pat Cusick

Charles M. Walker Jr. announces that Walker Milling Co. will close

Walker said he would close the milling business in the three-story landmark on Court Square, which his father and uncle had run for decades before he bought it after World War II, and take a job in Battleboro. He pointed to changes in the farm economy.

Warner's Motel and Warner's Wash-eteria invite the public to see their facilities

An advertisement invited everyone to visit Warner's Motel and Warner's Wash-eteria on Highway 70-A in Hillsboro on Friday, August 2, and inspect their modern facilities.

Fire breaks out in the Rathskeller and spreads through its East Franklin Street building

A fire of unknown origin started in the wall behind a stove in the Rathskeller on a Thursday evening and crept through the walls of the building. Ted Danziger put the damage to the restaurant and his Old World Gift Center at about $70,000, and water stood ankle deep in Amber Alley.

Subject: The Rathskeller (Amber Alley)

George Esser proposes an ordinance barring discrimination by new Chapel Hill businesses

After the aldermen declined a public accommodations law in June, Esser suggested as a private citizen an ordinance that would bar racial discrimination by businesses opening in the future, applied like zoning rules. The Board of Aldermen began considering it in August while the Committee for Open Business kept up its marches.

Part of The Chapel Hill civil-rights demonstrations, 1963–1964 · 16 events

A tobacco truck crashes into Carlton Mize's Rock Pile store

A tractor-trailer carrying 25,000 pounds of tobacco went out of control and crashed into the side of the Rock Pile, Carlton Mize's grocery on the Chapel Hill-Durham Road. No one was hurt, but the west wall was crushed and the front windows shattered.

Subject: The Rock Pile

The Bank of Chapel Hill merges into North Carolina National Bank

At the close of business on September 27, 1963, the Bank of Chapel Hill, founded in 1899, became part of North Carolina National Bank. Its office at 137 East Franklin Street made Chapel Hill the twelfth city in the NCNB system.

People: Collier Cobb, Jr

Subject: Bank of Chapel Hill

Joe Weatherly wins his last race at Orange Speedway

Joe Weatherly won the fall 150-mile race at Orange Speedway, the last victory of his career; he was killed in a crash at Riverside, California, in January 1964.

Part of Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough · 34 events

Subject: Occoneechee Speedway

Carrboro Baptist Church remodels its sanctuary

Work on an extensive remodeling of the sanctuary began after the first Sunday in October 1963, alongside a new educational building. By September 1964 the renovation was finished and the church invited the community to see the new facilities.

Subject: Carrboro Baptist Church (Century Center)

Daniel Pollitt's law review article calls the Speaker Ban constitutionally suspect

Pollitt's article Campus Censorship: The North Carolina Visiting Speakers Law, written for the December 1963 North Carolina Law Review, argued that the Speaker Ban raised serious problems of free speech, self-incrimination and due process. The Daily Tar Heel called it the first known legal analysis of the law by a lawyer outside the attorney general's office.

The A&P opens its first Hillsborough supermarket at US 70 and Churton Street

The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company opened a supermarket of about 10,000 square feet in a red-brick "Early American" building with a cupola and parking for 165 cars. It was the chain's first store in Hillsborough and the first major unit of the North Hills Shopping Center.

Walker's Funeral Home dedicates its chapel at 204 North Churton Street

On its 41st anniversary Walker's Funeral Home held an open house and dedicated the chapel in its brick building on North Churton Street, finished late in 1962, honoring founder Houston J. Walker and his late wife Minnie Montgomery Walker.

Subject: Walker’s Funeral Home

Karen Parker is arrested at a sit-in at Leo's restaurant

Parker, UNC's first Black woman undergraduate and a CORE member, went with other demonstrators to Leo's, a segregated restaurant in downtown Chapel Hill, where they were arrested and taken to jail. She described it in her diary entry of December 18.

Part of The Chapel Hill civil-rights demonstrations, 1963–1964 · 16 events

Sit-in demonstrators at the Rock Pile are doused with ammonia

Around New Year's Day 1964, sit-in demonstrators at the Rock Pile, Carlton Mize's segregated grocery on the Durham Road, were doused with ammonia and bleach water. Seven were treated for burns, among them NAACP youth leader Quinton Baker; four were arrested, and thirteen more were arrested at a second sit-in there the next day, when five more needed treatment.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Subject: The Rock Pile

A bronze plaque honoring builder John Berry is placed on the Old Orange County Courthouse

A bronze plaque naming John Berry a contributor to the tradition of American architecture was fixed to the 1845 courthouse he built in Hillsborough.

Subject: Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

Allen A. and Pauline O. Lloyd publish a history of the town of Hillsborough

Pharmacist Allen A. Lloyd published a 200-page, illustrated History of the Town of Hillsborough, with his wife Pauline O. Lloyd named as co-author, after working on it since 1945. He paid about $2,500 to print it and sold copies at James Pharmacy, which he ran.

Arthur Cogswell designs the Koch House on Clayton Road

In 1964 Cogswell designed a one-story, flat-roofed house for botany professor Arthur Koch at 401 Clayton Road in Coker Hills: a floor plate projecting from a block base, with glass walls opening to a deck over a pond. It received a North Carolina AIA award.

Binkley moves to Willow Drive

The congregation occupied its first permanent building.

Central High principal A. L. Stanback dies

Albert Leon Stanback, who came to Central as a coach and mathematics teacher and led it for more than twenty years, died after a short illness. His funeral was held in the school's auditorium. Under him the school grew to about 1,200 students.

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

Fanny McDade, laundress to generations of students, is buried at 103 in the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Fanny McDade (1861-1964), an African American woman who did students' laundry for many years, died at 103 and is thought to be the oldest person buried in the cemetery.

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Four of Orange County's 2,001 Black pupils attend white schools

The county school system enrolled 2,001 Black students in 1964-65. Four went to formerly white schools; the rest attended Central High, Efland-Cheeks or Cedar Grove.

Graham Memorial passes from student union to the Department of Dramatic Arts

Graham Memorial, the student union for 27 years, was turned over to the drama department after the new Frank Porter Graham Student Union opened elsewhere on campus.

Subject: Graham Memorial

Isaac M. Taylor serves as dean of the UNC School of Medicine

Taylor succeeded W. Reece Berryhill as dean in 1964. Student enrollment, faculty and research funding grew during his deanship, and a ten-year capital building program began that produced Berryhill Hall, the first phase of the Health Sciences Library, and the Brinkhous-Bullitt and Burnett-Womack Buildings.

People: W. Reece Berryhill

Subject: UNC School of Medicine · UNC Libraries

James J. Freeland builds his third family house on Highway 70

After homes near Fairview and in his Mountain View development, Freeland built the family's third house in 1964 on Highway 70 a little northwest of that subdivision, and lived there the rest of his life.

People: James John Freeland

Joe Straley chairs the Committee of Concerned Citizens

The UNC physics professor Joe Straley chaired the Committee of Concerned Citizens, a group of Chapel Hill residents dedicated to civil rights, in 1964 and 1965.

Mary Claire Engstrom chairs the Historic Hillsborough Commission

Mary Claire Engstrom chaired the Historic Hillsborough Commission, a state-appointed body created in 1963, from 1964 to 1966 and again from 1976 to 1983. Her research files for the commission and other projects cover deeds, cemeteries, mills, inns, Quaker settlements and schools such as the Hillsborough Academy and the Burwell School.

Subject: Burwell School

Morris Telephone Company builds a larger exchange on East King Street

As part of a half-million-dollar improvement program around Hillsborough, the Morris Telephone Company put up a new telephone building on East King Street about twice the size of the old exchange. Subscribers got new numbers on May 17, and in November the company moved its business office into the new building.

Orange High and Orange Junior High win accreditation from the state and the Southern Association

Between about 1964 and 1969 Orange High School and Orange Junior High were accredited by the state and by the Southern Association, so every county pupil in grades 7 through 12 attended a regionally accredited school. A push to accredit the elementary schools was put off by integration.

Subject: Orange High School

Realtors steer Howard and Lillian Lee away from white subdivisions

After moving to Chapel Hill for graduate study, Howard and Lillian Lee searched for about six months while realtors hesitated to show them houses in white subdivisions. They bought in Colony Woods, then received threatening calls and had a cross burned on their lawn.

People: Howard N. Lee

The old school buildings and the Caesar Cone house on West Franklin are razed for a bank and University Square East

Chapel Hill's old elementary and high school buildings on West Franklin came down, along with the house known as the Caesar Cone house. Central Carolina Bank & Trust and the University Square East shopping center went up in their place.

UNC founds its computer science department under Frederick Brooks

Brooks, 33, founded what became the Department of Computer Science, the second free-standing doctorate-granting department of its kind in the United States; it was first called Information Science and took the name computer science in 1971.

William E. Leuchtenburg wins the Bancroft Prize

Leuchtenburg won the 1964 Bancroft Prize for Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1940 (Harper & Row, 1963). He was then teaching at Columbia University, where he taught from 1952 to 1982 before joining UNC.

Chapel Hill aldermen vote down a public accommodations ordinance

The Board of Aldermen rejected, 4 to 2, an ordinance that would have required all town businesses to serve Black customers, and set up a nine-member committee on race relations instead. Integration leaders promised more demonstrations.

Part of The Chapel Hill civil-rights demonstrations, 1963–1964 · 16 events

People: Adelaide Walters

Institute of Government delivers its report on Chapel Hill's power to pass a public accommodations law

A report prepared by George Esser at the aldermen's request, gathering cases from all fifty states on a town's power to pass a public accommodations law, was completed and handed to Town Manager Robert Peck for the aldermen days before their vote. Esser said it showed the probable attitude of North Carolina courts toward a town using its general welfare power for that purpose.

Part of The Chapel Hill civil-rights demonstrations, 1963–1964 · 16 events

Subject: Institute of Government

Survey finds N.C. Memorial Hospital still separates patients by race

A Daily Tar Heel survey of Chapel Hill accommodations listed North Carolina Memorial Hospital among places keeping segregation, with director E. B. Crawford Jr. saying the hospital had two floors of mostly Black patients and did not generally integrate patient rooms.

Part of North Carolina Memorial Hospital and the medical center, from 1952 · 24 events

Subject: UNC Medical Center (N.C. Memorial Hospital)

Thirty-nine demonstrators are arrested sitting on the steps of Brady's Restaurant

On a Sunday night, 39 demonstrators, seven of them white, were arrested after sitting three deep on the front steps of the segregated Brady's Restaurant and blocking the door. The night before, 53 had been arrested in sit-downs in front of Brady's and the Rock Pile.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Subject: The Rock Pile

Gloria Williams asks the school board to readmit boycotting Lincoln High students

At the Chapel Hill school board meeting, Mrs. Gloria Williams, speaking for parents of students who had joined the Chapel Hill Freedom Committee's boycott of Lincoln High School, asked that all of them be readmitted. The board upheld the expulsion of two senior leaders, Henry Sanford and James Brittain, after Superintendent Howard Thompson said he would resign if they returned.

Part of Segregated schooling and the rise of Lincoln and Central High Schools · 45 events

Subject: Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School · Chapel Hill and Carrboro city schools

The Efland brothers form Efland Tractor and Equipment Company

John L. Efland Jr. and Wilson Efland took the International Harvester franchise for Orange County and formed Efland Tractor and Equipment Company, with parts and service in the front of the Efland Knitting Company building.

Villines Rest Home opens on Occoneechee Street in Hillsborough

A notice in February 1964 announced that the Villines Rest Home on Occoneechee Street was open to anyone who could no longer care for themselves.

The last Southern Railway passenger trains run through Hillsborough

Trains 13 and 16, the daily Greensboro-Goldsboro round trip, made their final runs, ending more than a century of passenger service in Orange County. Hillsborough had been a flag stop without ticket sales for two years.

Subject: North Carolina Railroad

More than 25,000 Orange County residents take Sabin oral polio vaccine on one Sunday

The Durham-Orange County Medical Foundation ran a Sunday oral polio vaccine campaign at eight public school feeding stations in Chapel Hill, Carrboro, Hillsborough, Cedar Grove and Efland. A total of 25,679 people took the vaccine on a sugar cube, about 56 percent of the county, with Glenwood School alone serving 5,063; a second dose was set for May 17.

A Klan rally gathers at the post office fast and a UNC student is struck

On the fast's seventh day a Ku Klux Klan rally drew onlookers to the Franklin Street post office, where textile worker Milford Cordell Hill of Gold Hill struck UNC senior Louis S. Calhoun Jr. and knocked off his glasses; police officers who saw it swore out complaints.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Subject: Chapel Hill Post Office and Peace and Justice Plaza

The Holy Week fast ends on Easter Sunday and the Rev. LaVert Taylor is hospitalized

The five fasters finished their eight-day water-only fast in front of the post office on Easter Sunday. The Rev. LaVert Taylor of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference was admitted to Memorial Hospital with an upset stomach afterward; James Foushee had been treated there during the fast and released.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

People: Pat Cusick

Subject: UNC Medical Center (N.C. Memorial Hospital)

The Committee of Concerned Citizens raises about $400 for injured demonstrators and the hospitalized faster

Committee members served bread and cheese for donations twice a day in the basement of the First Baptist Church, raising about $400 to cover the hospital bills of demonstrators hurt in sit-ins and of the Rev. LaVert Taylor after the fast.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Subject: First Baptist Church, Chapel Hill

Edmund Strudwick finishes a portrait of retired farm agent Don S. Matheson

Hillsborough artist Edmund Strudwick finished a portrait of Don S. Matheson, who retired in 1963 after 34 years as Orange County farm agent. Paid for by public gifts, it was hung in the county agricultural building, and further gifts founded a 4-H fund.

Orange Speedway names its spring race the Joe Weatherly Memorial

Orange Speedway scheduled its spring 1964 150-mile Grand National race as the inaugural Joe Weatherly Memorial, honoring the late national champion who held both track speed records and had won his last race there.

Part of Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough · 34 events

Subject: Occoneechee Speedway

Supreme Court lets stand the ruling against segregated hospitals built with federal funds

The U.S. Supreme Court declined to review Simkins v. Moses H. Cone Memorial Hospital, leaving in place the Fourth Circuit's November 1, 1963 ruling that Greensboro hospitals built with Hill-Burton money could not segregate doctors or patients. The Daily Tar Heel carried the decision on its front page.

Judge Mallard sentences fasters Pat Cusick and John Dunne to a year in jail

In Orange County Superior Court at Hillsborough, Judge Raymond B. Mallard gave Pat Cusick a year in jail on April 23 and John Dunne twelve months on April 24 for the February street-blocking demonstrations, among a dozen active sentences and about 100 suspended ones that stripped the Chapel Hill movement of its leaders four weeks after the fast.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

People: Pat Cusick

Chapel Hill Recorder's Court fines the man who struck a student at the post office fast

Judge William S. Stewart fined Milford Cordell Hill $50 and costs for striking Louis S. Calhoun Jr. at the scene of the fast on March 28, on complaints sworn out by the police officers who saw it.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

A Burger Chef hamburger stand opens at 337 West Rosemary Street

A Burger Chef franchise opened at 337 West Rosemary Street at 11 a.m. on May 6, 1964, selling 15-cent broiled hamburgers, shakes and fries. A week later it was advertising for more help.

Kenan Oil Company opens the Colonial Phillips 66 service station at Churton and Tryon

Kenan Oil Company held a grand opening for its new Colonial Phillips 66 station on Churton Street at Tryon, with Fred Albert as station manager and door prizes drawn Friday night. The station opened for business the next day; Odis Johnson of Mebane was the builder.

Austin Watts and his staff attack civil rights testers at Watts Restaurant

The night after the Civil Rights Act was signed, a mixed group of testers seeking service at Watts Restaurant was turned away and, the testers said, attacked with fists and clubs, and owner Austin Watts was charged with striking Pete Leak. Watts was convicted of assault in Chapel Hill Recorder's Court on July 21 and fined the costs of court.

Clarence's Bar and Grill turns away an integrated group the day after the Civil Rights Act

Five white people and one Black person asked for service at Clarence's Bar and Grill on West Franklin Street. Owner Clarence Gray refused them, saying he thought one of them was drunk. Testers visited other Chapel Hill restaurants that weekend as well.

Part of Chapel Hill freedom movement, 1960–1964 · 35 events

Sixty-six Black parents petition the county board to stop running schools by race

Led by the retired Cedar Grove teacher Hassie Vanhook Gattis, 66 parents signed a petition asking the Orange County board to stop operating its schools on a racial basis. It charged that the board had kept a dual system since the 1954 Brown ruling in disregard of the law.

The new high bridge over the Eno opens on South Churton Street

The 375-foot bridge, 55 feet above the river and built for about $450,000 with state and federal money, opened with the new access road from Interstate 85 into Hillsborough in the summer of 1964, taking traffic off the 1922 bridge.

Subject: Eno River road bridge, Hillsborough

Paul F. Sharp serves as chief administrator of UNC at Chapel Hill

Sharp was chief administrative officer of the university at Chapel Hill from September 1, 1964 to February 15, 1966. His records document the state's speaker ban law and programs in medical education, and he left to become president of Drake University.

The old Walker Milling Co. building on courthouse square is torn down

Orange County, which bought the mill property in August 1963 for $25,000, had a Wilmington contractor raze the building to clear the lot for parking. Historical groups asked the commissioners to save it, but they would only agree, by a split vote, to buy the old handmade bricks for resale.

People: Mary Claire Engstrom

A state act limits Orange County school board elections to voters outside the Chapel Hill school unit

A 1965 act (H.S. 695) provided that only county voters living outside the enlarged Chapel Hill school administrative unit could vote in elections for the Orange County Board of Education.

Albert Coates starts the Institute of Civic Education in the University's Extension Division

With no place offered by the Institute of Government or the law school, Coates set up an Institute of Civic Education under Extension Division director Charles Milner, paid for by the Richardson Foundation and a $50,000 yearly state appropriation approved by Governor Terry Sanford. In the summer of 1965 it brought high school civics and government teachers to Chapel Hill for short courses in state history and government.

People: Terry Sanford

Architect Arthur Cogswell adds a flat-roofed art studio to the Voitle house on Country Club Road

The low modern studio at the rear has vertical wood siding and large fixed windows, a sharp contrast to the 1930s cottage in front of it.

Black masons build Troy and Roberta Andrews's Sidler-designed house on the family farm

Working from plans by Swiss architect Franc Sidler, a former Frank Lloyd Wright apprentice, builder Carl Ellington and the African American masons Willis, Alfred Sr. and Alfred Jr. Barbee raised the Andrews House from stone gathered on the farm, starting in 1965 and finishing in 1967. It is Sidler's only building in the United States and one of the few architect-designed Modernist houses in rural Orange County.

Subject: Bolin Brook Farm (Troy and Roberta Andrews House)

Brian Shawcroft designs a modernist house on Davie Lane for chemist Donald A. Seanor

Architect Brian Shawcroft designs a modernist house in the Glendale subdivision for Donald A. Seanor, an English-born research chemist at the Chemstrand Research Center; it was commissioned in 1963 and dated 1965.

Central Elementary School is built north of West Hillsborough

Planned as a segregated school for Black pupils next to Central High School, the flat-roofed brick and concrete building designed by Archie Royal Davis was finished a few years before desegregation and then served an integrated student body. Additions followed in 1975 and during the 1990s.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

Chapel Hill Weekly founder Louis Graves is buried in the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Louis Graves (1883-1965), founder, publisher and editor of the Chapel Hill Weekly, was buried in the cemetery.

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Chase Hall, the campus's first modernist building, goes up on south campus

Chase Hall, a dining hall designed by Milton Small and Associates of Raleigh and built in 1965, is a glass and steel International Style building that appears to hover over a recessed concrete base. The book calls it the first modernist building erected on the campus; Small had studied under Mies van der Rohe.

Clyde Eubanks sells his drugstore to Benjamin and Ellyn Courts, who rename it Courts' Drugs

The Courts kept the East Franklin store where it was for about two years, then moved it to University Square East in 1967 when North Carolina National Bank began expanding.

People: Clyde Eubanks

Col. and Mrs. Jacob Moon buy the Ruffin-Hill House

In 1965 the Ruffin-Hill House on St. Mary's Road, with 2.96 acres, was conveyed to Col. and Mrs. Jacob Moon.

Subject: Ruffin-Hill House

Don Stewart's Carmichael Auditorium is completed as the state's largest single-span building

Stewart designed Carmichael Auditorium, finished in 1965, with a roof carried on steel beams held by steel tie rods anchored in the ground. The book says it was the largest single-span building in North Carolina when it was built.

Subject: Carmichael Auditorium (Carmichael Arena)

Eric Van Loon chairs the Carolina Political Union

A Daily Tar Heel profile in May 1966 reported that Van Loon, a junior from Nashville, had spent the past year as chairman of the Carolina Political Union, vice president of the debating team, National Student Association campus coordinator, a Morrison resident adviser and treasurer of the Carolina Symposium.

Fire destroys the home economics building at Aycock School

The home economics building at Aycock School in Cedar Grove burned, with the loss put at $15,000 to $20,000 and fully insured through the state. The county board had approved the building in 1948.

Subject: Aycock School

James L. Godfrey chairs the history department

Godfrey chaired UNC's Department of History from 1965 to 1973.

Lucius and Nellie Cheshire buy and restore the Commandant's House

Eula Cole, who had bought the house from John W. Hill's estate in 1938, sold it in 1965 to Lucius and Nellie Cheshire. By 1972 they had restored it to excellent condition.

Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

Morrison Residence Hall opens, named for Cameron Morrison

The university completed Morrison Residence Hall, a men's dormitory, in 1965 and named it for former governor Cameron Morrison, an influential trustee who had backed the university's expansion program in the 1920s.

Only 7 percent of the county's Black pupils attend an integrated school

At the start of the 1965-66 school year, about 7 percent of the Orange County system's Black students were enrolled in an integrated school.

Orange County schools start the federal Title I program

Frank Giles, named first assistant to the superintendent and office manager, took charge of the federal Title I program, whose $166,801.40 budget came on top of the county school budget.

Paul and Isabel Smith sell the Intimate Bookshop to Wallace Kuralt

The Smiths sold the East Franklin bookshop to Kuralt but kept running a rare-book department inside the store until the end of 1968.

People: Isabel Smith

Subject: The Intimate Bookshop

Ruth Anderson Stephens becomes the first Black graduate of UNC's School of Nursing

Ruth Anderson Stephens completed the School of Nursing's master's program in nursing education and administration in 1965, the school's first African American graduate.

Stewart and Anderson build a new office on Estes Drive as Webb stays in the old Methodist church

In the mid-1960s Don Stewart and Bob Anderson bought a lot on Estes Drive and built a new office for the firm, while James Webb returned to the old Methodist church on Rosemary Street, the firm's former office, where he worked until he retired.

Subject: Old Methodist Church (Rosemary Street)

The Historic American Buildings Survey documents the Berry Brick House

In 1965 the Historic American Buildings Survey recorded the Berry Brick House, the earliest surviving brick house in the original town, built about 1805 for Rhody Berry.

Subject: Berry Brick House

The Historic Hillsborough Commission buys the Burwell School

The commission bought the house from the Spurgeon children and began restoring it to look as it had after the 1848 enlargement.

Part of Orange County’s nineteenth-century academies · 102 events

Subject: Burwell School

The Occoneechee Steakhouse and a ten-room motel go up on South Churton Street

Among the restaurants that grew up around Daniel Boone Village was the Occoneechee Steakhouse, across South Churton Street, with a second small motel of ten rooms built beside it.

The former Military Academy dining hall is turned into a church

The one-story board-and-batten building beside Barracks Road, thought to be a surviving piece of the long frame service building that stood behind the barracks, became a church building in 1965.

Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

UNC names its Chapel Hill gymnasium for William D. Carmichael Jr.

Four years after his death the university named the gymnasium at Chapel Hill for Carmichael. NCpedia lists buildings named for him on three campuses, the television building at Greensboro, the gymnasium at Raleigh and the auditorium at Chapel Hill.

People: William Donald Carmichael

Subject: Carmichael Auditorium (Carmichael Arena)

William F. Little chairs the chemistry department

Little, who had come to Carolina as a chemistry instructor in 1956, became department chair in 1965 at 35. He hired young scholars and nearly doubled the faculty to 30.

Jim Medford is elected president of the campus YMCA

A Daily Tar Heel photograph taken on the steps of South Building shows Jim Medford as the newly elected YMCA president with the other officers chosen in the campus Y election.

Subject: University YMCA

The county board asks the commissioners to back a desegregation plan and Black members on school boards

Facing federal compliance rules, the board met the county commissioners and asked for two Black members on the Board of Education, integration of schools, buses and staff, Black members on district committees and signature of the federal compliance form.

"Get out of Vietnam" is painted on the gun outside the Naval Armory

Overnight, someone lettered an antiwar slogan on the antiaircraft gun on the armory lawn; NROTC officers called it a childish prank.

Harper and Row publishes John Ehle's The Free Men, an account of the Chapel Hill protests

Ehle's nonfiction book traced the 1963–1964 civil rights campaign in Chapel Hill through three of its leaders, John Dunne, Pat Cusick and Quinton Baker, from the first pickets at a cafe to mass arrests and long prison sentences.

People: Pat Cusick

Three Black students desegregate Aycock School in Cedar Grove

Under the county's Freedom of Choice plan, three Black families asked for their children to be transferred to the white Aycock School, and on May 20, 1965 the three students were assigned and began attending. United States Marshals escorted at least one of them.

Subject: Aycock School

Cedar Grove families answer the county's freedom-of-choice forms

The county sent 401 school-choice forms to Cedar Grove School families at the end of the 1964-65 year. Fifty-two made no choice, three asked for all-white Aycock Elementary and four for Orange Junior High.

Subject: Cedar Grove schools

Howard Mumford Jones wins the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction

Howard Mumford Jones, who had taught at the University of North Carolina from 1925 to 1930, won the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction for O Strange New World (1964), a study of American culture from the discovery through the Jacksonian era. He was then retired from Harvard.

The board names the first principals of Stanford Junior High and Central Elementary

Paul Raspberry was chosen to lead the new Stanford Junior High, and Tarleton Davis was picked to open Central Elementary as its first principal.

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

The Ku Klux Klan calls a rally in a field across from the General Sherman Restaurant

Robed Klansmen handed out bills in Hillsborough for a night rally at Interstate 85 and US 70, where scores of hooded members were expected in a field across from the General Sherman Restaurant.

The county board adopts a school desegregation plan

After most of a year spent trying to reach a plan acceptable under federal rules, the Orange County Board of Education adopted a desegregation plan on September 7, 1965.

A House committee names the Sportsman's Lakeside Lodge as the Klan unit in Orange County

The House Un-American Activities Committee, investigating the Ku Klux Klan, named the Sportsman's Lakeside Lodge as the Klan organization in Orange County. Sheriff C. B. Knight told the Daily Tar Heel that three Klan meetings had been held in the county recently.

Bob Powell is named executive director of the Carolina Forum

The Daily Tar Heel's list of student government appointments made by Student Body President Paul Dickson gives Bob Powell as executive director of the Carolina Forum for the 1965-66 year.

People: Paul Dickson III

Medford is named to the student government State Affairs committee

Student Body President Paul Dickson's committee appointments, printed in the Daily Tar Heel, put Jim Medford on the State Affairs committee along with Henry Patterson and Taylor Branch.

People: Paul Dickson III

Eunice Milton is listed among the members of the Order of Valkyries

When the Order of Valkyries, described by the Daily Tar Heel as the highest women's honorary organization on campus, tapped new members in November 1965, Eunice Milton was named among the seven continuing members. She appears again in the honorary's March 1966 list.

Arthur Cogswell designs a pyramid-roofed house for Marion Townend

At 411 Clayton Road in Coker Hills, Cogswell designed a house in 1966 for Marion Townend under a tall pyramidal roof. A skylight at the peak lights the central living room and the rooms around it, whose light shifts as the sun moves.

Baptist Association rejects Binkley membership

The local association denied admission over Binkley’s open membership policy.

C. Hugh Holman serves as UNC provost

Holman, dean of the Graduate School from 1963 to 1966, served as provost of the University of North Carolina from 1966 to 1968 and later as special assistant to the chancellor.

Don Stewart designs the Chapel Hill Public Library building on East Franklin Street

Around 1965 library committee head Mrs. Richmond P. Bond asked Stewart about a traditional design; he said he was not a traditional architect and suggested Durham's William Van Sprinkle, but the committee kept Stewart and his modern plan. The 1966 building uses sloping native stone walls and stained wood to fit among the older faculty houses on East Franklin Street.

Subject: Chapel Hill Public Library

Eric Van Loon becomes assistant to the student body president

After Robert S. Powell Jr. was elected student body president in the spring of 1966, the Daily Tar Heel reported that Van Loon had newly taken on the roles of student legislator, National Student Association delegate and presidential assistant to Powell. He had run unsuccessfully for student body treasurer the previous spring.

People: Robert S. Powell Jr.

Eunice Milton serves as president of the campus YWCA

The Daily Tar Heel called Milton the YWCA president when it reported the filing of the Speaker Ban suit on April 1, 1966, and the former YWCA president when it reported on the case in May.

People: James A. Medford

Fire destroys Kemp Nye's record store on East Franklin Street

Kemp's record shop burned out in 1966. A Burger King later opened in a small store on the site.

Hillsborough makes its first annexations beyond the one-square-mile town

In 1966 the town began extending its limits past the square mile platted in 1754, first taking in homes on Cameron and Ruffin streets to the northeast and the Bellevue mill and its village to the west. Annexations have continued since, most of them under ten acres.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

Interstate 85 is completed south of Hillsborough

The interstate linking Charlotte and Durham by way of Greensboro was finished in 1966 about a mile and a quarter south of downtown, and a commercial strip grew up along South Churton Street between the town and the interchange.

James J. Freeland opens the Daniel Boone Inn and restaurant at South Churton Street and I-85

A 1966 plat of the "Daniel Boone Inn and Restaurant Tract", eleven acres lying behind the Shell station on the northeast side of the interchange, shows a pond, a general store, a restaurant later known as the D. B. Cafeteria and a long two-story motel. It was the start of Daniel Boone Village.

People: James John Freeland

Subject: Daniel Boone Village

John E. Greenbacker Jr. leads the Dialectic and Philanthropic literary society

The federal court's findings in Dickson v. Sitterson list Greenbacker as president of the Dialectic and Philanthropic Literary Society, one of the recognized student organizations whose officers brought the Speaker Ban suit. The Daily Tar Heel likewise named him as Di-Phi president among the ten student leaders who wrote to Chancellor Sitterson on March 1, 1966.

People: J. Carlyle Sitterson

Subject: Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies

John E. Greenbacker Jr. serves as associate editor of the Daily Tar Heel

The masthead of the December 7, 1966 Daily Tar Heel lists Greenbacker as associate editor under editor Fred Thomas. He wrote signed opinion pieces, and a letter in the same issue takes issue with his Sunday column profiling the SDS leader Gary Waller.

People: Gary Waller

Subject: The Daily Tar Heel

Northside Elementary closed as the school system integrated

The Caldwell Street school closed soon after the Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools began mandatory integration in 1966, and the building was turned into office space.

Part of School desegregation in Chapel Hill and Carrboro, 1959–1967 · 21 events

Subject: Chapel Hill and Carrboro city schools · Northside School

Stuart Matthews serves on the steering committee of the UNC chapter of Students for a Democratic Society

The federal court's findings in Dickson v. Sitterson list Matthews as a member of the steering committee of Students for a Democratic Society, one of the recognized campus organizations whose officers brought the suit. The Daily Tar Heel adds that Matthews and Gary Waller invited Frank Wilkinson and Herbert Aptheker to speak under SDS sponsorship on January 3, 1966.

People: Gary Waller · Frank Wilkinson · Herbert Aptheker

The Mary Manning house on East Franklin Street, where Arthur Nash boarded, is torn down

Nash lodged with Mary Manning from his arrival in 1922 until his own house was finished in 1926. The house stood at what is now 507 East Franklin Street, first numbered 402.

The Presbyterians sell their East Franklin manse to Gordon L. McAndrews

After 77 years of ownership, the church sold its manse at 513 East Franklin, the house William Mercer Green built in the 1840s and Charles Phillips later owned, to McAndrews.

Carolina Forum chairman George Nicholson answers Professor W. C. George on the Forum's speakers

Nicholson told the Daily Tar Heel that the Forum invited both liberals and conservatives, naming Strom Thurmond and Ross Barnett among its recent guests, after the segregationist UNC professor W. C. George said it largely ignored conservative racial views.

People: W. C. George (Wesley Critz George)

The Botanical Garden Foundation is incorporated, with William Lanier Hunt as its founder

Hunt, a member of the garden's advisory board, led the effort to form a private foundation to raise money, hold land and speak for the North Carolina Botanical Garden. At its first annual meeting in 1967 he was elected its first president, and 291 people and 18 organizations joined as charter members.

Subject: North Carolina Botanical Garden

Students for a Democratic Society invites Frank Wilkinson and Herbert Aptheker to speak at UNC

The UNC chapter of Students for a Democratic Society invited Frank Wilkinson, who had pleaded the Fifth Amendment when questioned in California about Communist activities, and the Communist theoretician Herbert Aptheker to speak on campus. After the trustees barred both men, Student Government under Paul Dickson, the Daily Tar Heel, the Carolina Forum, the YMCA and YWCA, the Di-Phi and the Carolina Political Union joined SDS in renewing the invitations.

Part of Speaker Ban controversy, 1963–1968 · 29 events

People: Frank Wilkinson · Paul Dickson III · Herbert Aptheker

Subject: Dialectic and Philanthropic Societies · University YMCA

Dickson, Nicholson and McCrary invite Herbert Aptheker to speak on campus

Three of the students who later sued invited Aptheker to speak at Chapel Hill on March 9, 1966 under the sponsorship of Student Government, the Carolina Forum and the Daily Tar Heel. Aptheker accepted two days later.

Part of Wall speeches at the campus line, 1966 · 19 events

People: Paul Dickson III · Herbert Aptheker

Cedar Grove's advisory council asks for a painted lunchroom and a paved playground

Oscar Beasley and Arthur Wells of the Cedar Grove Advisory Council asked the board to paint the lunchroom, hang doors on the girls' restroom and give the school a hard-surfaced playground. The board granted part of the request.

Subject: Cedar Grove schools

Gary Waller joins a student panel on the Speaker Ban in Memorial Hall

The Daily Tar Heel reported that student body president Paul Dickson presided over a noon meeting of students and faculty in Memorial Hall, with a panel of four that included Waller, Carolina Conservative Club president Wilson Clark and the SDS faculty advisers Joseph Straley and Lewis Lipsitz. The meeting adopted a resolution about four and a half hours before the trustees' executive committee voted 8 to 3 to bar Herbert Aptheker from speaking.

People: Paul Dickson III

Subject: Memorial Hall

UNC trustees' executive committee bars Frank Wilkinson and Herbert Aptheker from the Chapel Hill campus

Meeting in Governor Dan K. Moore's office in Raleigh, the executive committee of the UNC board of trustees voted 8 to 3 to deny university facilities to Aptheker and Wilkinson and suspended all other invitations covered by the speaker ban law until the full board adopted rules. Earlier that day more than 800 students and faculty at a Memorial Hall meeting had backed Aptheker's right to speak.

People: Paul Dickson III · Herbert Aptheker · Dan K. Moore

Subject: Memorial Hall

Nicholson criticizes SDS over the Aptheker invitation while backing the principle

The Carolina Forum chairman called the Students for a Democratic Society invitation to Herbert Aptheker ill-timed and planned for sensationalism, and said the Forum had joined the invitation only in support of the principle of free speech.

People: Herbert Aptheker

Nicholson rebuts the Conservative Club chairman's charge about Forum speakers

Answering Carolina Conservative Club chairman Wilson Clark, Nicholson said the Forum's budget was 2,000 dollars rather than 6,000, that it had invited conservative speakers, and that John Birch Society founder Robert Welch was coming to campus later that month.

J. Carlyle Sitterson serves as chief administrator of UNC at Chapel Hill

Sitterson was the chief administrative officer of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from February 16, 1966 to January 31, 1972. His records as chancellor cover desegregation and the federal HEW lawsuit, the Speaker Ban law, protest against the Vietnam War and campus unrest.

Stuart Matthews and Gary Waller write to Chancellor Sitterson inviting Herbert Aptheker

On the day the full board of trustees adopted new speaker regulations, Matthews and Waller wrote to Acting Chancellor J. Carlyle Sitterson for the UNC Chapel Hill chapter of Students for a Democratic Society, asking that Herbert Aptheker be allowed to speak on campus about the war in Vietnam on March 9. The letter set out his publications, speaking engagements and his Supreme Court passport case.

Part of Wall speeches at the campus line, 1966 · 19 events

People: Gary Waller · J. Carlyle Sitterson · Herbert Aptheker

The UNC Board of Trustees adopts visiting-speaker procedures under the amended Speaker Ban

Acting under G.S. 116-199 and 116-200, the full Board of Trustees adopted procedures requiring recognized student groups to clear invitations to covered speakers with the chancellor. The students complied with them when they renewed the Wilkinson and Aptheker invitations, and the court later found the procedures as vague as the statute.

Part of Speaker Ban controversy, 1963–1968 · 29 events

People: William C. Friday · J. Carlyle Sitterson

Gary Waller becomes chairman of the UNC chapter of Students for a Democratic Society

A UNC Libraries exhibit states that Waller, a graduate student in the Department of Sociology, was vice chairman of the UNC chapter of Students for a Democratic Society and became chairman when Jim McCorkel resigned on February 2, 1966 to spend more time on his graduate studies.

Barred from Carroll Hall, Frank Wilkinson speaks to about 350 people at the Hillel House

That evening campus security officer Arthur Beaumont, acting on the chancellor's orders, kept Wilkinson, Paul Dickson and about 200 students out of Carroll Hall, and the group moved to the Hillel House on Cameron Avenue, where almost 350 people heard Wilkinson speak on HUAC. He told them a test case with several plaintiffs would be prepared at once.

People: J. Carlyle Sitterson · Paul Dickson III

Herbert Aptheker gives his evening talk at the Community Church

Kept off campus, Aptheker gave his evening talk to about 350 people at the interdenominational Community Church on Purefoy Road. Paul Dickson then announced a Free Speech Defense Fund to pay for a lawsuit.

Part of Speaker Ban controversy, 1963–1968 · 29 events

People: Paul Dickson III · Herbert Aptheker

Subject: Community Church of Chapel Hill

Herbert Aptheker speaks to students across the McCorkle Place wall

At noon Paul Dickson led Aptheker, invited by SDS and the Committee for Free Inquiry, onto McCorkle Place near the Confederate monument, where campus police chief Arthur Beaumont halted Dickson's introduction and warned of arrest. Aptheker crossed the low stone wall to the Franklin Street sidewalk and spoke to a crowd estimated at 2,000 to 3,000 on the campus side.

Part of Speaker Ban controversy, 1963–1968 · 29 events

People: Paul Dickson III · Herbert Aptheker

Subject: McCorkle Place (with the Davie Poplar)