Chronology

UNC forms the Carolina Volunteer Training Corps and opens a War Information Center

In the month of Pearl Harbor the university organized a volunteer military training corps for students and set up a War Information Center.

A filling station is built at 212 North Churton Street

A parapet-roofed filling station with garage bays goes up at 212 North Churton Street about 1942. Around 1980 it lost its tiled pent roof, was stuccoed and enlarged, and became the John Couch Oil Company.

A memorial to local Revolutionary War soldiers is placed at New Hope

In 1942 a monument honoring Revolutionary War soldiers from the neighborhood was set in the grounds of New Hope Presbyterian Church, beside its cemetery.

Subject: New Hope Presbyterian Church

A state farm forester begins part-time work in Orange County

From 1942 Orange County farmers could call on a state forester part time for help with woodland management and timber sales. The 1947 forester, V. G. Watkins, reported on thinning demonstrations.

A. L. Stanback succeeds E. C. Hester as principal of Hillsborough's high school for Black students

Albert Leon Stanback, a teacher at the Hillsboro High School for Negroes, replaced its first principal, E. C. Hester, in 1942. The school took the name Central High School the next year, and Stanback later pushed for the Cedar Grove consolidated school to take the lower grades.

People: A. L. Stanback

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

Akers is named dean of the School of Library Science, UNC's first woman dean

Akers, director of the school since 1935, was named dean, the first woman dean at UNC-Chapel Hill. She held the post until 1954.

Beta Theta Pi and other fraternity houses quarter Navy trainees

While the university served as a naval training center, many fraternity houses, the Beta house among them, were used to lodge midshipmen, which held back chapter growth until the war ended.

Subject: Beta Theta Pi Fraternity House

Coates trains as a civil defense instructor and Popular Government issues a defense number

Called to a War Department school in Texas in the summer of 1942, Coates returned to run civil defense training through the Institute, and that fall Popular Government published a 'Defense Issue' on espionage, water system protection, gas attacks and air raid warnings. In 1945 an Army Service Forces colonel credited the Institute with the plan for joining local and state forces with federal ones to defend the state.

Subject: Institute of Government

Douglas and Frances Hill buy the Cabe-Pratt-Harris House and add a large rear wing

The Hills bought the house and about 180 acres from the Harris family in 1942 and soon added a rear wing, removing the old boxed stair to the loft. The farm's later name, Riverbend Farm, dates from the twentieth century.

Geologist Joseph Hyde Pratt, first chairman of the Chapel Hill Planning Board, is buried in the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Joseph Hyde Pratt (1870-1942), professor of geology and the first chairman of the Chapel Hill Planning Board, was buried in the cemetery.

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Guion Griffis Johnson leads home-front work in Chapel Hill and Orange County

During World War II Johnson chaired the Community Service Committee of the Chapel Hill War Price and Rationing Board, was public relations officer for the Orange County Office of Civil Defense, and collected war records for Orange County.

James C. McFarling gives up dairying on the Bennett-McFarling farm on Erwin Road

McFarling, given the farm by an uncle, raised cotton on 170 acres and ran an 80-cow dairy with his wife Alice at the Triple-A farmhouse at 101 Erwin Road until he quit the dairy business in 1942. A milk house and cotton house were still standing in 1992.

James Collins buys the closed Black Presbyterian church and its lot

About fourteen years after the congregation disbanded, James Collins bought the church building and land on Orange Street.

James J. Freeland builds his first house at US 70 and Faucette Mill Road

Three years after marrying Maxine Hayes, Freeland built the family's first home where Highway 70 crosses Faucette Mill Road, next to land that became the Fairview subdivision the following year.

People: James J. Freeland

Jim Tatum coaches UNC football for a single season

Tatum was UNC's head football coach for one year in 1942. He then joined the navy and learned the split-T formation as an assistant to its founder, Don Faurot, at Iowa Pre-Flight.

Lucy Morgan starts the health education program at the School of Public Health

Three young women on State Board of Health fellowships enrolled in health education at Chapel Hill in the fall of 1942, and Rosenau asked for Dr. Lucy S. Morgan, a Public Health Service educator then working in Fayetteville, to build the curriculum. With twenty W. K. Kellogg Foundation scholarships, the first class of public health educators numbered twenty-five in the spring of 1943.

People: M. J. (Milton Joseph) Rosenau

Subject: UNC School of Public Health

Maurice Julian opens The College Shop, a men's clothing store

Julian moved into the space Durham Dairy Products had left at 140 East Franklin and opened a men's clothing store he called The College Shop.

People: Maurice Julian

Orange County farmers bring in more than a hundred beef cattle

Over a hundred beef cows and heifers arrived in the county in 1942, and purebred bulls were placed as well. Fourteen 4-H boys bought Hereford heifers, and the Farmers Exchange Market bought the State Fair's first-place Hereford bull.

The Carolina Theatre is built on East Franklin Street to a Williamsburg design by Archie Davis

The new two-story brick theatre at 108 East Franklin Street, with a steep roof, dormers and brick pediments and arches, was the one building in the 100 block of East Franklin to follow the Williamsburg plan.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Carolina Theatre (1942)

The Institute of Government becomes part of the university

The Institute of Government, begun as a separate body, was made part of the university in 1942.

Subject: Institute of Government

The Janitors' Association reorganizes as a CIO union local

The Janitors' Association became Local 403-P of the State, County and Municipal Workers of America, a CIO union. Minutes of July 2, 1942 name pay as the most important matter, and laundry worker Rebecca Clark became a shop steward.

People: Rebecca Clark

The Methodist church annex on Franklin Street becomes a recreation center

The former Methodist church, kept as an annex when the new church went up in 1926, was converted into a recreation center.

The Navy and the university jointly build a gymnasium for women students

The gym replaced space women lost when the Navy took over campus buildings for wartime training. Their playing field went to military training and was not replaced.

The Paul Riley Store is built on Eno Street

A one-story brick store with a stepped parapet and inset entrance went up at 907 Eno Street, carrying the West End commercial style farther west. A longtime resident recalled it, with the nearby Methodist church, as a center of childhood life in West Hillsborough.

The old Carolina Theatre is renamed The Village

With the new Carolina Theatre open on the south side of the street, the 1927 house on the north side took the name The Village.

Subject: Varsity Theatre (the first Carolina Theatre)

UNC starts a pre-induction curriculum for students bound for the service

The university set up a course of study for all students entering military service; it later grew into the College for War Training.

Wilbur Kutz opens The Varsity, a clothing store with a basement soda fountain

Kutz's clothing store on the north side of East Franklin had a soda fountain downstairs that drew a crowd.

William Picard Jacocks retires to Chapel Hill

After about thirty years of public health work for the Rockefeller Foundation, much of it against hookworm in India and Ceylon, Jacocks retired and moved back to Chapel Hill, where he was active in alumni affairs.

Woodward Byars serves as Orange County's home demonstration agent

In 1942 Miss Woodward Byars was Orange County's home demonstration agent, alongside farm agent Don S. Matheson and assistant agent Joe N. Howard. She handled publicity for edible soybeans, worked the wartime programs through the home demonstration clubs and wrote on the new crop for the county papers.

Subject: Home demonstration clubs

Thirty-nine neighborhood meetings in Orange County choose wartime neighborhood leaders

During the week of January 12, 1942, thirty-nine meetings explained the neighborhood plan and picked leaders, drawing 1,677 people in all, about 43 a meeting. Discussion covered bonds and stamps, more food, nutrition, machinery repair, scrap iron and a camp survey; a typical neighborhood of 45 white families got five leaders.

Eleanor Roosevelt speaks at Memorial Hall to close a post-war planning conference

Eleanor Roosevelt spoke in Memorial Hall at UNC to a capacity audience of about 2,000 people, closing a two-day conference on post-war planning sponsored by the Carolina Political Union and the International Student Service. She warned the audience that there was no going back to normalcy.

People: Frank Porter Graham

Subject: Memorial Hall

Neighborhood leader training starts the Victory Garden program in Orange County

In the week of February 2, 1942, a training meeting was held in each of Orange County's 39 neighborhoods, where 163 of the 272 leaders made family lists, split the families among themselves and took instructions for the Victory Garden campaign. Leaders called on their neighbors that month with a garden leaflet and went back in March to leave a poster with each family that had planted.

German, Italian and Japanese aliens re-register at the Chapel Hill post office

All German, Italian and Japanese aliens over 14 living in Chapel Hill had to re-register, with three photographs, at the post office. Postmaster William S. Hogan and Assistant Postmaster Strowd ran the registration, following the procedure of one held there in 1940.

Three farm machinery repair meetings in Orange County draw 160 people

As part of the wartime push to keep farm equipment working, Orange County held three machinery meetings on February 26 and 27, 1942, with 160 attending. Neighborhood leaders handed out a repair checklist that farmers filled in and took to their dealers.

The Orange County Public Library bookmobile makes stops in Chapel Hill

In late February 1942 the Chapel Hill Weekly announced that the county bookmobile, with librarian Ernestine Grafton in charge, would park in front of the Texaco station from noon to 2 p.m. for browsers and borrowers. That spring the bookmobile offered a $5 prize to the school collecting the most waste paper, with the proceeds buying children's books, and a state aid increase let the library order books on readers' requests.

Subject: Orange County Public Library

Orange County's Black farm neighborhoods are mapped and elect their own neighborhood leaders

In March 1942 the neighborhood plan was carried to Black rural families: Black neighborhoods were laid out, leaders were elected and family lists drawn up. The report's map shows 27 Black neighborhoods, worked by county agent M. C. Burt and home agent Ruby Crews.

Orange County counts 272 wartime neighborhood leaders

On April 1, 1942, Orange County's neighborhood-leader system had 117 white men, 78 white women, 54 Black men and 23 Black women serving as leaders, 272 in all.

Orange County is picked as one of four counties in the nation to test the neighborhood-leader plan

On April 18, 1942, the federal and state extension services invited Orange County to show how well neighborhood leaders could reach every rural family with wartime programs, and the next day the agents met the chairman of the county defense council. The county's letter to farm families credited the choice to their response to the earlier scrap iron, Victory Garden and machinery repair drives.

Orange County's neighborhood leaders meet at the Hillsborough courthouse to launch the wartime test

The county-wide training meeting on the afternoon of April 28, 1942, drew 265 people, among them 149 of the 195 white and 66 of the 77 Black neighborhood leaders. A. H. Graham, general chairman of Orange County defense, spoke after a chorus from the Black high school sang; other speakers took up war bonds, the Farmers Exchange's "Buy a Bond Pig" offer, salvage, gardens and edible soybeans, which the crowd tasted afterward.

People: Alexander H. "Sandy" Graham · Don S. Matheson

Neighborhood leaders ask Orange County farm families to pledge a pig or an acre for war bonds

In the same canvass, leaders took pledges under the "Buy a Bond Pig" and "Buy a Bond Acre" plans, in which a family promised the sale price of a pig or an acre of crops toward war bonds and stamps; the Farmers Mutual Exchange Livestock Market supplied pigs to families who could feed them out. In the June survey 58 percent of white families and 30 percent of Black families had bought or pledged bonds and stamps.

Subject: Farmers Mutual Exchange

Neighborhood leaders introduce edible soybeans to Orange County farm families

On their scrap calls, leaders gave a half-pound package of edible soybean seed to each family that agreed to collect scrap and sent others to stores stocking the seed, promoting the bean as a protein food that could take the place of meat. By the June survey the program had reached 96 percent of 269 families, and 78 percent had planted it.

Neighborhood leaders run a scrap metal and rubber drive across rural Orange County

From April 29 to May 9, 1942, leaders called on farm families asking them to gather scrap iron, old rubber, rags and worn-out bags for the county war fund, listed pickup points for WPA trucks and hauled some scrap to dealers themselves. Of 269 families surveyed in June, 93 percent had heard the appeal and 76 percent had turned in scrap or had it ready.

The Chapel Hill Weekly prints a special edition for the farm war campaign, sent to every rural family

On May 8, 1942, the Chapel Hill Weekly put out a special edition backing the county's neighborhood-leader campaign, and a sample copy went to every rural family in Orange County. Stories in the county's papers that spring covered the leaders, edible soybeans, scrap and war bonds; the Mebane Enterprise printed the leaders' names on April 30.

Subject: The Chapel Hill Weekly

Governor Broughton welcomes guests at the commissioning of the Navy Pre-Flight School

The dinner program for the commissioning of the Naval Aviation Pre-Flight School at Chapel Hill on May 23, 1942 has Governor J. Melville Broughton offering the welcome, and Josephus Daniels giving greetings to the Navy Department representatives and to Commander O. O. Kessing. The school trained 18,700 pre-flight cadets before it was decommissioned on October 15, 1945.

Part of The Navy Pre-Flight School at Chapel Hill, 1942–1945 · 13 events

People: Josephus Daniels · Oliver Owen Kessing

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

Orange County home demonstration clubs take up the whole wheat and enriched bread program

During May 1942 every home demonstration club in Orange County worked on the whole wheat and enriched bread program, which Lee County ran through its neighborhood leaders. Of the 183 surveyed Orange families who bought wheat bread or flour that month and had not already used it, 9 percent bought whole wheat or enriched bread or flour for the first time.

Subject: Home demonstration clubs

Orange County rural families pledge $50,000 in war bonds and stamps for

The spring 1942 canvass ended with the county's rural families pledged to buy $50,000 worth of war bonds and stamps during the year, and 200 families signed up to raise a "Bond Pig."

A wartime munitions plant opens in the former Mill No. 7

National Munitions Corporation converted the empty Mill No. 7 on Roberson Street into a shell-loading plant that pressed tetryl pellets for Navy anti-aircraft ammunition, growing from about 126 workers to more than 500; an explosion hit its pellet houses on September 6, 1942.

The Naval ROTC moves out of Woollen Gym and Lenoir Hall into Swain Hall

By university decision the Naval ROTC left its quarters in Woollen Gymnasium and the basement of Lenoir Hall during June 1 to 9, 1942, and moved into Swain Hall, which its commander thought below the Navy's minimum standard.

Subject: Swain Hall · Woollen Gymnasium

The federal extension service publishes its report on the Orange and Lee County neighborhood-leader test

In June 1942 the U.S. Department of Agriculture issued Extension Service Circular 387, prepared by Barnard Joy and J. P. Leagans, tracing step by step how Orange and Lee counties had organized neighborhood leaders and what the June survey found. It concluded that trained leaders chosen by their neighbors could carry wartime messages quickly to nearly every rural family.

Chapel Hill aldermen elect Robert W. Madry mayor

The board of aldermen unanimously elected Robert W. Madry, director of the University news bureau and an alderman, as mayor to succeed John M. Foushee, who had moved out of town after ten years as mayor. The Weekly believed no one in the University's service had headed the town government before.

University laundry workers reject a piece-work plan and demand a wage increase

Meeting by shifts, the laundry workers turned down the university's offer of piece rates with no assured raise. Their union wrote that it would take the matter to President Graham within a week if nothing changed.

People: Rebecca Clark

Archie Royal Davis's plans for the Naval Armory are settled and building begins

After weeks of argument with consulting architect Arthur C. Nash, Durham architect Archie Royal Davis had his design for a Georgian Revival armory approved in mid-September 1942; R. K. Stewart and Son began building it late that year for about $41,000, meant as a temporary building to be replaced after the war.

People: Arthur Cleveland Nash · Archie Royal Davis

The Navy Pre-Flight School's armory is completed near the campus tennis courts

A semi-prefabricated armory and rifle range designed by Archie Royal Davis for the Pre-Flight School was finished near the tennis courts, a short walk from Navy Hall. It was a separate building from the NROTC Armory.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

UNC's General Faculty names John M. Booker to chair a committee on University government

The General Faculty authorized a committee, chaired by English professor John M. Booker, to study faculty government and write a uniform set of principles for the powers and duties of the University's divisions. Reporting in sections over eight years, its work became the 1950 Faculty Legislation on University Government.

A regimental review in Kenan Stadium honors Commander Kessing as he leaves for the Pacific

With Admiral Halsey asking for him in the southwest Pacific, Commander O. O. Kessing was ordered to sea duty, and the Pre-Flight School held a regimental review in his honor in Kenan Stadium. Lieutenant Commander John P. Graff succeeded him in command.

People: R. B. House

Subject: Kenan Stadium · Navy Pre-Flight School

John P. Graff takes command of the Navy Pre-Flight School

When Commander O. O. Kessing was sent to sea in November 1942, his executive officer John P. Graff was placed in command and promoted to commander. Graff, recalled from retirement, had been the first line officer to arrive in the spring of 1942.

People: Oliver Owen Kessing

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

Kenneth Tanner lends West House to the Carolina Volunteer Training Corps

Tanner gave the student officer-training corps the use of West House as its headquarters for the rest of the war. The corps then had 125 students in eight companies under Lt. Col. W. A. Raborg.

Fire destroys Orange Grove School

Fire destroyed Orange Grove School in December 1942. On December 6, 1943 the county board sought a $16,000 insurance settlement, and at the Orange Grove committee's request classes went on in the old Orange Grove building rather than moving to Hillsboro.

A Freewill Baptist church meets in a former store on South Nash Street

A small frame building at 219 South Nash Street, shown as a store on the 1911 and 1924 Sanborn maps and later a hot dog stand and a house, appears as the Freewill Baptist Church on the 1943 map. It keeps a small square steeple in its front gable.

Black shank disease first strikes tobacco in Orange County

A new tobacco disease, black shank, appeared first in 1943 and spread quickly through the tobacco belt. The book ranks it with wilt for damage and notes a partly resistant seed.

Daphne Athas graduates from UNC

Athas graduated from the university in 1943 after studying writing with Betty Smith and Phillips Russell.

People: Betty Smith · Phillips Russell

Dr. H. W. Moore restores the Hasell-Nash House with architect Archie Royal Davis

Dr. H. W. Moore restored the Federal-style Hasell-Nash House on West Queen Street with the help of architect Archie Royal Davis, who extended the rear of the two side wings around 1943.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Hasell-Nash House

Elizabeth Janet Gray wins the Newbery Medal

Gray received the 1943 John Newbery Medal for Adam of the Road, a story of 13th-century England, a decade after she left Chapel Hill. She was then living in the Germantown section of Philadelphia.

Engineer Thomas C. Atwood dies, ending the firm of Atwood and Weeks

Atwood's death in 1943 closed the partnership that had carried out much of the university's building since the 1920s.

People: Thomas C. Atwood

Fairview is platted as a neighborhood for Black families north of US 70

The first of Hillsborough's mid-century African American subdivisions was laid out in 1943 along roads that were already there, with twenty-five-foot lots meant to be bought in combination. Local builder James J. Freeland, who owned land in Fairview, built many of its houses.

People: James J. Freeland

Guion Griffis Johnson lectures in the Navy V-12 program at the University

Johnson taught as a lecturer in the Naval V-12 program at the University of North Carolina in 1943–1944.

Kessing Pool opens behind Woollen Gymnasium for Pre-Flight swimming training

An outdoor pool behind Woollen Gymnasium opened in 1943 for the Navy Pre-Flight School's aquatic training and was named for Oliver Owen Kessing, the school's first commanding officer. Thousands of servicemen trained in it, among them Gerald Ford and George H. W. Bush.

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School · Woollen Gymnasium

Pre-meteorology and aviation training units arrive at UNC

In the first half of 1943 the university took in pre-meteorology and aviation training units, adding to the Navy programs already on campus.

Rachel Crook opens a fish and produce market on West Franklin Street

Crook made an old service station, lately a chicken house, into a fish and produce market.

Robert Rhinehart buys the Hill Bakery from Mrs. William Neal

Rhinehart bought the bakery that William Brumfield Neal's widow had run since his death in 1935.

St. Mary's School closes as its pupils are merged into the Hillsborough schools

Consolidation with the Hillsborough schools closed St. Mary's School in 1943.

Subject: St. Mary's School

The 1844 Orange County Courthouse is rehabilitated

The county rehabilitated its courthouse of about 1844 in 1943 and later added an annex, but the building stayed too small, and a new courthouse was finished just south of it in 1954.

Subject: Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

The Black women's clubs pay off the last of the Efland Home's debt

Four years after the home closed, the North Carolina Federation of Colored Women's Clubs cleared its remaining debt on the Efland reformatory in 1943, the year the legislature voted $25,000 for a state-run training school for Black girls.

Subject: North Carolina Industrial Home for Colored Girls (Efland Home)

The Farmers Mutual Exchange builds a slaughterhouse on Occoneechee Farm

In summer 1943 the Exchange put up an abattoir next to the Hillsborough livestock market on Occoneechee Farm. Farmers could bring cattle and hogs for slaughter at cost and collect the meat the next day.

Subject: Occoneechee Farm · Farmers Mutual Exchange

The General Assembly passes a resolution commending the Institute of Government

Peyton Abbott, a Winston-Salem lawyer who moved into the Institute building on December 1, 1942, led its coverage of the 1943 session, winning a seat at the press table and a copy of every bill. Before adjourning, the legislature passed a joint resolution praising the Institute's service to it.

People: Albert Coates

Subject: Institute of Government

The Hillsborough High School for Negroes takes the name Central High School

Under principal A. L. Stanback, the school for Black students in Hillsborough changed its name to Central High School in 1943.

People: A. L. Stanback

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

The McLartys sell the Berry Brick House to Mr. and Mrs. F. Ross Porter

In 1943 F. S. McLarty and his wife, who had bought the Berry Brick House in 1936 and added dormers, sold it to Mr. and Mrs. F. Ross Porter.

Subject: Berry Brick House

William Meade Prince becomes head of the university's art department

William Meade Prince took charge of the University of North Carolina's art department during World War II, while also making posters and drawings for wartime causes.

The Naval ROTC moves into its new armory on South Columbia Street

The NROTC took over its new armory in January 1943, with classrooms in use by January 7 and a drill hall whose mezzanine served as a ship's bridge for drills. It is the first NROTC unit's building in North Carolina and has housed ROTC training ever since.

The NROTC holds its annual dance to open the new armory

The Naval ROTC dedicated its armory with its annual Navy dance on the drill deck, with the Navy B-1 Band, the Black enlisted musicians stationed with the Pre-Flight School, named as the band. The drill deck stayed a favorite dance floor through the war.

Person and Caswell sign a tri-county library contract with Orange

On March 29, 1943 the Person and Caswell library boards signed a contract forming a tri-county library arrangement with Orange, already in effect, which used state aid to serve all three counties by bookmobile, with its Orange office in the Confederate Memorial Library. Chatham dropped out of the earlier arrangement, which from 1941 had joined Person, Orange and Chatham.

Subject: Orange County Public Library

Navy Hall opens as the Pre-Flight School's visitors' entrance and cadet lounge

Designed by Archie Royal Davis and first drawn as a temporary office and hostess building, Navy Hall opened in March 1943 with offices for the Pre-Flight School and recreation rooms for cadets; the public was invited in on March 21.

People: Archie Royal Davis

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

The Pre-Flight School marks its first anniversary with a review in Kenan Stadium

The school celebrated the first anniversary of its commissioning with a regimental review in Kenan Stadium. Commander Graff gave the Silver Star to Cadet Anthony E. Kujawinski for gallantry in combat, and Dean Francis F. Bradshaw brought the university's greetings.

People: Francis Foster Bradshaw

Subject: Kenan Stadium · Navy Pre-Flight School

President Frank Porter Graham dedicates the remodeled Forest Theatre

President Frank Porter Graham dedicated the rebuilt Forest Theatre at the opening of the Playmakers' A Midsummer Night's Dream in May 1943. The Daily Tar Heel set that opening for Friday, May 14; Henderson's chronology gives May 19.

People: Frank Porter Graham

Subject: Battle Park · Forest Theatre

Governor Broughton speaks at a Pre-Flight School graduation in Kenan Stadium

Broughton and UNC president Frank Porter Graham both spoke at Navy Pre-Flight School graduation exercises in Kenan Stadium on June 2, 1943.

Part of The Navy Pre-Flight School at Chapel Hill, 1942–1945 · 13 events

People: Frank Porter Graham

Subject: Kenan Stadium · Navy Pre-Flight School

The Navy V-12 program opens at UNC with about 1,300 men

The Navy's V-12 college program, which paid for future officers to finish degrees, began at UNC with an entering class of about 1,300, straining dormitory and dining space already taken up by the Pre-Flight School. It absorbed the Naval ROTC until 1945.

CIO Local 403 demands vacations for janitors and equal pay for women campus workers

The union protested a ruling that cut vacations for hourly janitors and asked for ten days of sick leave for laundry workers. It also asked that women in campus buildings be paid the same as men for nearly the same work.

A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, written in Chapel Hill, is published

Smith wrote the novel in a one-room house on North Street in Chapel Hill, rising about half past five and working against the chimney wall to keep warm. Harper published it on 17 August 1943 and it sold more than 150,000 copies within two weeks.

The Burke grave plot is given to the State of North Carolina

The university chapter of the Sons of the American Revolution gave the state the small plot holding Governor Thomas Burke's grave. The chapter had cared for the site since students found it in 1923 and was raising money for a monument.

Subject: Thomas Burke’s grave (Tyaquin)

Chapel Hill High School moves into the old Hume house on West Franklin Street

After fourteen months of classes in the Baptist church following the 1942 fire, the high school moved into the former Hume house, once the Hogan house and the Zeta Beta Tau house, owned by Caesar Cone. It held the principal's office, the library and four classrooms, with larger classes in the elementary school basement.

Subject: Chapel Hill High School

Reader's Digest profiles Albert Coates and the Institute of Government

Roving editor J. P. McEvoy visited Chapel Hill that summer, and his article, titled 'Don't Shoot Your Sheriff: Teach Him,' ran in the October issue. It brought Coates speaking invitations from several states and an offer from founder DeWitt Wallace to pay him to tour the country, which Coates declined.

Subject: Institute of Government

A one-story brick store is built at 109 East King Street

A three-bay brick commercial building with a central entrance between large multi-light display windows was put up at 109 East King Street around 1944.

Charles S. Mangum Jr. sells the old Mangum house on East Rosemary Street to Betty Smith

Charles S. Mangum Jr. inherited the old Mangum house at East Rosemary and Hillsborough streets from his aunt, Mary Elizabeth Mangum Wilson, who died in 1944, and sold it that year to the novelist Betty Smith.

People: Betty Smith

Coates publishes his first history of the Institute of Government, paid for by DeWitt Wallace

In place of a speaking tour, Coates wrote a 76-page account of how the Institute grew out of his law classroom, issued under the Popular Government name in the National University Extension Association's studies series. Wallace paid for 30,000 copies for national distribution, and on the advice of Louis R. Wilson and W. T. Couch, Coates took out the profanity before it went to press.

People: William T. Couch · Louis Round Wilson

Subject: Institute of Government

Governor Broughton asks the Institute of Government to help towns plan for after the war

As Allied armies advanced across Europe, Broughton called on the short-staffed Institute to help plan for life in North Carolina's towns and cities once the war ended. State payments for this work and for civil defense training steadied the Institute's budget.

People: Albert Coates

Subject: Institute of Government

John N. Couch chairs the university botany department

John N. Couch succeeded his teacher William C. Coker as chairman of the botany department in 1944 and led it until 1960. He was given a Kenan professorship in 1945.

People: William Chambers Coker

Len Hearn buys the East Main Street building his family grocery rents

After John Hearn died his son Len ran the store as L. D. Hearn, bought the building in 1944 and extended the back three times. It became L. D. Hearn & Son in the 1950s and, under grandson James, Hearn's Grocery.

Pritchard's drugstore on East Franklin Street closes after its owner dies

James Manning Pritchard died and his drugstore shut. Rachel Crook sold pecans in the empty store for a short while before the North Carolina Cafeteria, formerly on Fraternity Row, bought the building and moved in.

People: James Manning Pritchard

The B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation buys a lot on Cameron Avenue

The North Carolina B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation bought a lot on Cameron Avenue in Chapel Hill and later built a house there where a rabbi held services for students and townspeople.

W. B. Thompson sells the Chapel Hill News, which becomes the News of Orange County

W. B. Thompson, who had published the Chapel Hill News since its start, sold it in 1944 to J. Roy Parker. The paper was renamed the News of Orange County.

Subject: The News of Orange County

The Scuttlebutt, a Navy canteen, opens on the UNC campus

The Scuttlebutt, a canteen built as an extension of the Book Exchange for the Navy and Marine trainees on campus, opened on the morning of January 11, 1944, after months of delay over a sugar contract. Pete Pulley managed it, and at first only trainees with Swain Hall meal tickets could buy there.

Subject: The Scuttlebutt

Orange County FSA honors 15 Black farm ownership borrowers

The county Farm Security Administration office awarded certificates of merit to 15 Black farm ownership borrowers, former tenants it had helped to buy farms. By March 1944 the county had 22 approved tenant-purchase loans.

People: Robert Hughes

The Navy B-1 Band leaves Chapel Hill for service in Hawaii

The B-1 Band, the first Black Navy unit whose members held a rating above messman, cook or steward, was sent from Chapel Hill to Hawaii after nearly two years of playing across the campus and town.

Vic and Rebecca Huggins run Huggins Hardware on East Franklin Street

The Hugginses bought the University Hardware Company and opened Huggins Hardware on March 22, 1944, adding kitchenware and general merchandise to the keys, paint and tools. They sold the store in 1968.

Rev. Joe Brooks is a Ridge Road leader in the Black farm families' wartime food drive

Black neighborhood, 4-H and home demonstration club leaders across Orange County pooled efforts to produce and conserve more food for their families and the war effort in 1944. Rev. Joe Brooks was one of the leaders named for the Ridge Road neighborhood.

Subject: Home demonstration clubs

Hillsborough well-baby clinics are held separately for Black and white babies

The Junior Service League and the district health department held two well-baby clinics each month in Hillsborough, one for Black babies and one for white babies, focused on preventive care.

Part of Public health in rural Orange County · 28 events

Quakers organize the Chapel Hill Monthly Meeting of Friends

The Chapel Hill Monthly Meeting was organized, the first Friends meeting in Orange County since the old Eno Meeting was laid down about a century earlier. It had no building and had bought a lot on Highway 54.

People: Dudley Dewitt Carroll · Richard Junius Mendenhall Hobbs

District health officer reports the season's typhoid cases

Dr. William P. Richardson, district health officer, reported two confirmed cases of typhoid fever in the district in the past two months, one in Chatham County and one in Person County, with a suspected case in Person County and indirect reports of two cases in Orange County that health officials had not been able to confirm.

Mrs. E. G. Danziger buys Henrietta Smedes's house on Hillsborough Street

The Danzigers, Austrian refugees whose candy and pastry shop was on Franklin Street, bought the 1919 house at 211 Hillsborough Street from Henrietta Smedes, who had retired from the university staff. That September they advertised their Forest Hills house for sale.

Wartime day nursery opens for the children of Black working mothers in Chapel Hill and Carrboro

A federally funded day nursery for Black children opened at the Orange County Training School, caring for thirty children aged two to six from 7:15 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. while their mothers worked. Parents paid for food, and by October 1944 two nursery schools were running, one in the Masonic building on the edge of Carrboro and one on Brooks Street.

Subject: Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School

The Chapel Hill Baptist Church dedicates its paid-off building

Twenty years after moving in, the congregation held a dedication service for its church, now fully paid for and redecorated. Howell read a short form of his history at the service; the church then had over six hundred members and no debt.

People: A. C. Howell

Subject: University Baptist Church

Frederick Koch dies and is buried in the old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Koch, who taught dramatic literature and playwriting at UNC for twenty-six years and organized the Carolina Playmakers, died on August 16, 1944 and was buried in the old Chapel Hill Cemetery. Samuel Selden succeeded him as chair of the Department of Dramatic Art and director of the Playmakers.

People: Samuel Selden

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery · Carolina Playmakers

Orange County schools stay closed until after September 18 during the polio epidemic

On the recommendation of the State Health Officer and Governor Broughton, the State Board of Education kept all North Carolina public schools closed until after September 18 because of the infantile paralysis epidemic. Orange County schools, which Superintendent R. H. Claytor had planned to open September 14, were held back with the rest, though teachers still reported on September 14.

People: R. H. Claytor

Orange County's Black home demonstration clubs hold their first dress contest in Hillsboro

Women from every Black home demonstration club in the county modeled thirty-six dresses, suits and accessories they had made at the Hillsboro high school auditorium. By 1946 the clubs met monthly in rural communities including White Oak Grove, Jordan Grove, Cool Springs, Cedar Grove, Harmony, Ridge Road, St. Mary's, Sartin and Carr.

Subject: Home demonstration clubs

O. David Garvin becomes health officer of the district covering Orange County

Garvin came to the district in 1944 on assignment from the North Carolina State Board of Health and the Public Health Service during the war emergency, after a year and a half in Scotland and Richmond counties. A later account of his resignation gave his starting date as September 4, 1944.

Jeter and Ethel Neville buy a corner lot at Cobb and Broad streets in Carrboro

On September 13, 1944, Jeter and Ethel Neville bought a small lot at the northwest corner of Cobb and Broad streets, in the Lloyd-Broad section of the Black Northside neighborhood, from Guilford Realty and Insurance Company. Jeter Neville was a janitor at Northside Elementary School.

Subject: Jeter and Ethel Neville House

Smith Furniture Company opens on West King Street in Hillsborough

Smith Furniture Company opened in the building formerly occupied by the Scott store, selling furniture, stoves and rugs. R. J. Smith ran it as proprietor, and it was still selling G-E appliances and heaters on West King Street in the 1960s.

A granite monument is dedicated at Governor Thomas Burke's grave

The Sons of the American Revolution and the Lloyd Memorial Association dedicated a memorial monolith at Burke's grave on the Latta plantation northeast of Hillsborough and presented it to the state. Governor J. Melville Broughton and Archibald Henderson were among the speakers.

People: J. Melville Broughton · Archibald Henderson

Subject: Thomas Burke’s grave (Tyaquin)

James Freeland opens the Fairview Bowling Alley in Hillsborough

James Freeland opened the Fairview Bowling Alley in a building he put up himself, casting the cinder blocks and laying the concrete floor. It opened with three duckpin alleys and room for a tenpin lane.

People: James J. Freeland

Subject: Fairview Bowling Alley

Home demonstration clubs report the year's work at Achievement Day in Hillsboro

At the county home demonstration clubs' Achievement Day at the courthouse, the home agent reported that women had canned an average of 350 quarts and that 94 percent made their own clothes, and that the women's curb market in Chapel Hill had taken in $30,280.68 over the past year. Clubs from Caldwell, Carr, Cedar Grove, Efland, New Hope, Orange Grove, St. Mary's, Schley and Murphy had made 699 garments and 744 other articles for the Red Cross.

Subject: Home demonstration clubs · Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

The county school board sells the closed Harvey's Chapel schoolhouse

The Orange County Board of Education approved the sale of the Harvey's Chapel schoolhouse, a school for Black children about three miles from Hillsboro. It had closed several years before, its pupils sent to the Hillsboro school, and Mary E. Breeze bought the building.

The Playmakers present the 100th program in their experimental series of new plays

On December 12, 1944 the Playmakers gave the 100th program in their Experimental Series, the evenings where student plays were staged and the audience then talked back to the author.

Subject: Carolina Playmakers · Smith Hall (Playmakers Theatre)

Commissioners' chairman Collier Cobb Jr. lays a county revaluation plan before the Chapel Hill aldermen

Collier Cobb Jr., chairman of the Orange County commissioners, told the Chapel Hill aldermen the county would raise the tax valuation of plainly under-valued property for 1945, naming Franklin Street business property, suburban lots selling far above farm-land values and some northern tobacco land.

Nelson Callahan and Morris Timmons open the Village Printshop next to the Porthole

The Village Printshop opened at 7 Fraternity Row, next door to the Porthole, run by Nelson Callahan, who had worked at the Orange Printshop since 1928, and Morris Timmons, operator of the Porthole. It did job printing by letterpress and offset.

A Negro library committee was already running library service for Black readers in Orange County

The committee met in September 1945 under chairman Mrs. M. D. McPherson, reported over a hundred new books received and 800 books circulated during the summer, and was assembling book kits for rural areas. Miss Annie Cameron was named as one of the people who started the library for Black residents of the county.

People: Marinda D. McPherson

Subject: Orange County Public Library

A brick Colonial Revival office building is built at 115 East King Street

A one-story Flemish-bond brick office building with a slate roof and a large central display window was built at 115 East King Street around 1945.

A row of Colonial-style stores fills the 300 and 400 blocks of West Franklin Street

As downtown pushed west after the war, an unbroken row of Williamsburg-inspired shops went up along West Franklin Street, many designed by Archie Davis.

People: Archie Royal Davis

A. H. Poe buys Ben Strowd's Pure Oil station on West Franklin Street for his DeSoto dealership

Poe bought the Pure Oil service station from Ben Strowd and moved his DeSoto car agency into it.

Andy Griffith plays his first role, in The Gondoliers at Memorial Hall

Andy Griffith, who had arrived at Carolina in July 1944, auditioned on a whim and made his stage debut in a Carolina Playmakers production of Gilbert and Sullivan's The Gondoliers at Memorial Hall.

Subject: Memorial Hall · Carolina Playmakers

Black mason John Wesley Campbell and his sons build the stone Neville House in Carrboro

John Wesley Campbell and his sons, with Jeter Neville and mason Earnest Farrar, built the Nevilles' one-and-a-half-story bungalow of granite fieldstone trimmed in red brick, with an arcaded porch and a star and crescent moon set in stone beside the front windows. Campbell's son Handy said the stones came by army truck from Chatham County; the house is the least altered of Campbell's five 1940s stone buildings in Northside.

People: John Wesley Campbell

Subject: Jeter and Ethel Neville House

Carl Snavely returns to coach UNC football

Snavely came back to Chapel Hill in 1945 after being assured that his program would have the full support of the administration. His 1946 to 1949 teams, built around Charlie Justice and returning servicemen, won two Southern Conference championships and played in three bowl games.

People: Charlie Justice

Classics professor J. P. Harland builds the first postwar house in Laurel Hill

His shingled Colonial Revival cottage on Laurel Hill Road has an attached garage wing turned to face the street. Earlier Laurel Hill houses kept their garages at the far end of the driveway, so the nomination reads the wing as a sign of the car's new place in the suburb.

Fitch Lumber moves its Mebane business to Carrboro after the Mebane branch burns

A. B. Fitch and all of the firm's Mebane operations came to Carrboro, and the Lloyd Street plant was enlarged around the same time.

Four Orange County farmers run hybrid corn demonstrations

Four farmers ran corn demonstrations in 1945 on Experiment Station lines, using hybrid seed, shallow cultivation, close spacing and heavy nitrogen. The results showed yields could be more than doubled.

George Livas becomes sole owner of the Carolina Coffee Shop

George Livas's partnership with James Gust ended and Livas became sole owner of the Carolina Coffee Shop, which he ran until his death in 1956.

Hesslein and Company buys the Belle-Vue mill, ending local ownership

Belle-Vue Manufacturing Company had been run from Hillsborough since 1904, lately under L. E. Beard. In 1945 Hesslein and Company bought it and spent over half a million dollars on new machinery and on baths for the mill village houses.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

Homemont is platted as a Black neighborhood north of Hillsborough

Laid out in 1945 with gently curving streets and evenly spaced lots on Torain and Lawndale streets, Homemont filled mostly in the 1950s and 1960s with small Minimal Traditional houses, several of exposed concrete block, built by more than one builder for sale or rent. Next to a trash dump, it had no paved streets until the 1970s.

John Scott Trotter sells the Hill House on West Franklin Street to the Baptist church

Trotter sold the Hill House, next to the Baptist church, to the congregation, which went on renting out its apartments. In 1958 the town's first public library opened in one of its rooms.

John Wesley Campbell builds a fieldstone house for a pastor on North Graham Street

John Wesley Campbell designed and built a large fieldstone house at 214 North Graham Street in Northside for a local pastor, finished in 1945 and one of the first houses on the street. It is the largest of his four stone houses in the neighborhood, with a broad arched corner porch and a stone end chimney.

Part of Historic Black neighborhoods of Chapel Hill and Carrboro · 58 events

People: John Wesley Campbell

Laurel Hill Road is extended south beyond the 1927 plat

On the 1927 plat the road stopped at the south edge of 603 Laurel Hill Road. The extension carried it south toward the line later taken by the 15-501 Bypass and opened lots for postwar houses.

Mason Alfred Barbee builds his own house on Jones Ferry Road

After working at the Carrboro munitions plant during the war, the African American mason Alfred Barbee spent three years building his own house on Jones Ferry Road near the Strayhorn family homes, using his carpentry as well as his masonry skills.

People: Alfred David Barbee Sr.

Morehead creates the foundation behind his Chapel Hill gifts

In 1945 Morehead created the Morehead Foundation to pay for the Morehead Building on the campus at Chapel Hill and to establish the scholarship that carries his name.

Subject: Morehead Planetarium

Only 950 Orange County farmers have electricity

A dozen years after the county's pioneering rural power line, only 950 Orange County farmers had electric service in 1945.

R. B. House becomes the first chancellor at Chapel Hill

North Carolina created chancellorships for its three campuses in 1945, and President Frank Porter Graham turned to House, who had been executive secretary from 1926 and dean of administration from 1934. House held the post until 1957, the longest chancellorship at Chapel Hill.

People: Frank Porter Graham

The State Eugenics Board begins a county-wide study of mental illness and disability in Orange County

The North Carolina Eugenics Board chose Orange, a county of about 24,000 people that it judged typical of the state, to measure how many residents had been labeled mentally ill or mentally deficient, with an eye to its sterilization program. Field secretary George H. Lawrence gathered the records of the board, state hospitals, Caswell Training School, the draft board, school group tests and the county welfare and health departments.

The Wesley Foundation takes up Methodist student work at Chapel Hill

Student work had lapsed for lack of money in 1931. After a committee of the Wesley Foundation Commission and the church drew up a plan, the commission raised its grant in December 1944, and Roy Everett came as the foundation's first director in the summer of 1945.

Subject: University United Methodist Church

The former Alberta mill reopens as Carrboro Woolen Mills

After fifteen idle years the modernized Mill No. 4 building reopened as Carrboro Woolen Mills, which ran until the early 1960s.

Subject: Carr Mill

The old campus infirmary is renamed Abernethy Hall

The university renamed its 1907 infirmary building Abernethy Hall in honor of Dr. Eric A. Abernethy, the university physician from 1919 to 1933. The infirmary itself moved to a new building in 1946.

Subject: University infirmary (Abernethy Hall)

Town electricity and water are extended to West Hillsborough

Before the town took over in the late 1940s, the mills supplied power and water to their workers, cutting electricity to the houses during the day so the machinery could run, which left families without refrigeration.

UNC begins marking Hinton James Day each February 12

The university started Hinton James Day in 1945, during the sesquicentennial of its first student's arrival. It falls on February 12 and now also honors other Carolina firsts, including Sallie Walker Stockard and Henry Owl.

People: Henry Owl · Sallie Walker Stockard

UNC establishes its Communication Center

The university set up a Communication Center at Chapel Hill in 1945. Departments of radio and religion followed in 1947.

Newspaper describes the work of Orange County's public health nurses

A News of Orange County piece described the county public health nurses' duties: school inspections, immunization against diphtheria and smallpox, well-baby clinics twice a month, a monthly maternity clinic, tuberculosis and venereal disease clinics, orthopedic referrals, and the wartime maternity and infant care program for servicemen's wives.

The Saturday Evening Post profiles Coates as 'The Ugly Duckling at Chapel Hill'

Warner Olivier's article cast Coates as the law school's misfit who had overcome objections to build an Institute admired around the country. It opened with a photograph of Albert and Gladys Coates in front of the Institute building.

People: Gladys Hall Coates

Subject: Institute of Government

Black laundry workers take complaints of racial pay discrimination to the Fair Employment Practice Committee

Press operators Bessie Hargraves and Etta Guthrie said white folders earned more because of race. At President Graham's request the personnel officer investigated, and his memo denied that race set the pay.

People: Frank Porter Graham

Black rural school districts more than double their Red Cross gifts

A Red Cross drive among the county's rural Black residents, run through the rural schools by A. L. Stanback and county agent M. C. Burt, closed with $472.55 from 428 people, against $224 the year before. Ridge Road district, with Mrs. A. A. Burt as principal, gave $36.32.

People: A. L. Stanback · Joe Bethel Brooks

The Farmers Exchange opens its Carrboro branch

The cooperative's Carrboro unit opened in March 1945, joining its Hillsborough branch. In the year to June 1952 the two branches bought $303,096 in produce and sold $1,149,392 in supplies.

Subject: Farmers Mutual Exchange

Bowling alley owner James Freeland knocks out a Black man who asked to bowl

Lorenzo Thompson, a Black man, came into the Fairview Bowling Alley late at night, said he had bowled up north and would not leave when told he could not bowl. Owner James Freeland knocked him unconscious and dragged him outside, and Thompson needed stitches.

People: James J. Freeland

Subject: Fairview Bowling Alley

James Freeland opens a barbecue pit behind his Fairview Bowling Alley

James Freeland opened a barbecue pit behind the Fairview Bowling Alley and began serving barbecue every day. As with the alley, he built most of it himself.

People: James J. Freeland

Subject: Fairview Bowling Alley

The Terrace View supper club opens on the Greensboro road west of Chapel Hill

The Terrace View, a dining and dancing club about five miles out the Greensboro road, was "christened" on Saturday, May 26, 1945 with a private ATO fraternity party held partly on its roof garden. By December it was open to the public every night, for couples only.

Subject: Terrace View supper club

Coates deeds the Institute of Government building to the university

After the legislature appropriated $44,000 to pay off the rest of the mortgage, Coates transferred title to the Institute property to the University of North Carolina. This completed the 1941 merger plan, under which the university would take the building once it was clear of debt.

Subject: Institute of Government

The Latta Cooperative Dairy opens its milk plant in Hillsborough

Organized in 1944, the Latta Cooperative Dairy built a small 500-gallon plant in Hillsborough that began work in June 1945. It bought milk from about thirty nearby farmers and ran routes in Hillsborough, Mebane and Durham.

Chapel Hill celebrates the end of the war with Japan on Franklin Street

As the news spread that evening, townspeople, students and Pre-Flight School cadets filled Franklin Street while the campus bells rang and the fire siren sounded. Revelers draped the trees with toilet paper and lit a bonfire in the central block, and a policeman who tried to put it out was pushed aside.

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

The National Munitions plant in Mill No. 7 closes

The shell-loading plant that National Munitions Corporation had run in Mill No. 7 since 1942 closed in August 1945. At its peak it employed 1,600 people, many of them former mill hands assembling anti-aircraft rounds, and it won the Army-Navy E award for production three times.

The eugenics study counts Orange County draft rejections on mental grounds

Of about 6,000 Orange County men aged 18 to 38 registered for the draft by August 1945, 2,431 were accepted and 1,460 rejected; 622 of the rejections, 42.3 percent, were for a mental condition, and 357 of those were classed as mental deficiency. Lawrence warned that 133 of the 357 had simply failed the minimum intelligence standard, a category he said often stood in for illiteracy.

William T. Couch leaves the University of North Carolina Press

Couch resigned in August 1945, after thirteen years as director, to lead the University of Chicago Press.

UNC holds a farewell assembly for the Navy Pre-Flight School

As the war ended the university held a formal assembly to say goodbye to the Pre-Flight School; Chancellor R. B. House had told the Navy that any peacetime Navy program should fold into the NROTC and the regular degree.

People: R. B. House

Subject: Navy Pre-Flight School

Navy officers move into the NROTC Armory as the V-12 program ends

With the Pre-Flight and V-12 programs closed and remaining V-12 men absorbed into an enlarged NROTC, the Navy officers who had worked in Navy Hall moved their offices to the NROTC Armory.

An old house said to contain part of the Nunn Tavern is moved across Kenan Street for the bus station

To clear the lot for the new bus station, a large two-story house was hauled across Kenan Street to 405 West Franklin, where W. W. McCauley later lived. Bryant traces the house to a section of the Nunn Tavern of about 1776, which had already been moved to this lot in 1923 when the Baptist church was built at Franklin and Columbia.

Black and white health education students from North Carolina College and UNC train together

From 1945 UNC faculty taught a public health education program for Black students at North Carolina College for Negroes in Durham. Lucy Morgan brought the two groups together in a journal club that met in Durham and Chapel Hill, sent them to field work together and held joint open houses, at times drawing the window shades in Chapel Hill; a 1946 photograph shows both groups at the Orange-Person-Chatham district's field training center.

Carolina Coach Company builds a Williamsburg-style bus station on West Franklin Street

The bus station at 311 West Franklin Street had a pedimented portico, a cupola with a weathervane and other Colonial details.

Central High School adds a twelfth grade

Central High School, the county's high school for Black students in Hillsborough, added a twelfth grade for the 1946-47 school year. By 1949-50 it served 443 elementary and 206 high school students.

People: A. L. Stanback

Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough

Charles Crisp Oliver builds an auto and tractor repair shop at the Cedar Grove crossroads

Oliver put up a one-story concrete block garage with a stepped parapet on the lot where his father, T. L. Oliver, had kept a blacksmith shop early in the century.

Charlie Justice chooses Carolina and begins four seasons at Chapel Hill

Justice was one of the most sought after players in the country after playing for the Bainbridge Navy team, and he chose Chapel Hill over South Carolina and Duke. He played tailback for Carl Snavely from 1946 to 1949, gaining 170 yards on 17 carries against Virginia in his freshman season.

People: Carl Snavely

Commerce dean Dudley D. Carroll builds a small brick house on Laurel Hill Road for an in-law

The one-story side-gabled house has a traditional form with a large transom and sidelights at the door. English professor Blyden Jackson later owned it.

People: Blyden Jackson

Henry W. Lewis joins the Institute of Government faculty

After his discharge from the Army, Lewis joined the small faculty of the Institute of Government at Chapel Hill, where he worked mainly on election law and the property tax.

People: Henry Wilkins Lewis

Subject: Institute of Government

Johnson-Strowd-Ward opens a furniture store on West Franklin Street

The furniture firm began in one of A. H. Poe's car showrooms and in 1947 moved further west on West Franklin into a building put up for it.

Katherine Kennedy Carmichael succeeds Inez Koonce Stacy as dean of women

Carmichael, who held a Vanderbilt doctorate in British literature, became dean of women at Chapel Hill in 1946, succeeding Inez Koonce Stacy, adviser to women from 1919 and dean of women from 1942. She also taught an introductory literature course for the English department.

Kenneth M. Brinkhous chairs the UNC Department of Pathology

Brinkhous succeeded James B. Bullitt as chair of pathology at the UNC School of Medicine in 1946 and held the post until 1973, building a research program in thrombosis and hemostasis. His department invented the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test used in clinical laboratories.

People: James Bell Bullitt

Subject: UNC School of Medicine

Lee County joins the health district serving Orange

The district health department, begun with Person County in 1935 and joined by Chatham in 1937, added Lee County in 1946.

Medical dean Isaac Hall Manning is buried in the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Isaac Hall Manning (1866-1946), the physician and medical school administrator who started Hospital Savings of North Carolina, the state's first medical insurance plan, was buried in the cemetery.

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Morehead gives the university a million dollars for a planetarium

In 1946 Morehead presented the university with one million dollars to build a planetarium and put the proposal to the Board of Trustees. The building opened in 1949.

Subject: Morehead Planetarium

Orange County farmers seed the first ladino clover plots

There was no ladino clover in the county in 1945. Half a dozen farmers planted trial plots in 1946, and the next year about 200 farmers sowed more than 1,000 acres.

Principal J. M. Harris refits the Murphey School lunchroom

Mrs. J. M. Harris, principal and teacher of the fifth and sixth grades, reported new chairs, tables, curtains and cooking equipment for the lunchroom in 1946. Her teachers were Myrtle Walker, Erna Link, Mrs. Chas F. Hudson and Florence Roat, and the school had a 4-H club, a chorus and a parent-teacher association.

Subject: Murphey School

Terry Sanford revives Boys State, with William Friday among its counselors

After finishing his law courses, Sanford organized the first postwar Boys State session, staffed mostly by law students as counselors. Among them were William Friday, later president of the Consolidated University, whose first university paycheck came from the job, and William Aycock, a future chancellor.

People: William B. Aycock · William C. Friday

Terry Sanford serves as assistant director of UNC's Institute of Government

After the Second World War Sanford returned to Chapel Hill, completed a law degree in 1946 and served two years as assistant director of the Institute of Government before opening a law practice in Fayetteville.

Subject: Institute of Government

The Campbells build a stone bungalow for carpenter Vance Thompson on Broad Street

Next door to the Neville House, John Wesley Campbell and his sons designed and built a fieldstone Craftsman bungalow at 201 Broad Street for carpenter Vance Thompson and his family just after World War II. Land records show it finished by 1947; a Thompson son recalls moving in in 1946, and the family kept it until 2013.

People: John Wesley Campbell

The Farmers Cooperative Dairy opens its plant in Chapel Hill

A larger cooperative of Orange, Chatham and Durham dairymen let the contract in June 1945 for a modern plant at West Franklin and Roberson streets; it was nearly finished in February 1946 and held a public open house at the end of May 1946. It handled fluid milk and made butter, ice cream and condensed milk.

The Gospel Baptist Tabernacle is organized

Willie Thompson, S. E. Elmore and W. J. Johnson organized the Gospel Baptist Tabernacle and built a 250-seat church the same year, with Elmore as first pastor.

The Institute builds a Highway Patrol training camp on Raleigh Road

Coates won approval to put a training camp on the eastern edge of the campus, on the south side of Raleigh Road at Country Club Road. State Highway Department crews brought seven wooden barracks built by the Civilian Conservation Corps from Camp Mackall near Fort Bragg and set them in a U around a drill yard, with water and sewer lines run from the university gym.

People: Albert Coates · Terry Sanford

The Pick Theatre on East Franklin Street closes

The Pick Theatre shut its doors in 1946. Its building was later remodeled for J. B. Robbins's House of Fashion, a clothing store that ran until 1969.

The Public Health Service moves its Syphilis Experimental Laboratory to the School of Public Health

After the Z. Smith Reynolds Foundation dropped its venereal disease research money and Johns Hopkins closed its Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutics, the Public Health Service made Chapel Hill the main research laboratory of its Venereal Disease Division. The university agreed to put up a building for it, a second closed federal laboratory sent more staff and equipment in 1949, and Dr. Harold Magnuson's Department of Experimental Medicine grew out of the work.

People: Edward G. McGavran

Subject: UNC School of Public Health

The county buys land from Mary Vincent for a Cedar Grove school for Black children

In May 1945 board members Charlie Stanford and James Compton were asked to find a site near Vincent's Store crossroads for a Cedar Grove school for Black children. The board bought the land from Mary Vincent for $1,000 in 1946.

Subject: Cedar Grove schools