Chronology

Clyde Eubanks moves his drugstore into a building of his own

Eubanks left the Central Hotel and set up his drugstore in a new building he had put up on the west corner of the Tankersley property on Franklin Street.

People: Clyde Eubanks

Subject: Central Hotel (Chapel Hill)

Eben Alexander has the first telephone in Chapel Hill

Bryant lists Professor Eben Alexander, who lived in the old Tom Taylor house on East Franklin Street, as the first in town to have a telephone; in 1901 his number was 1.

Fairfield Presbyterian Church is remodeled with pointed Gothic windows

The one-story frame church near Cedar Grove, built about 1834, kept its gable-front shape but got pointed-arch windows and doorway in a 1901 renovation.

Subject: Fairfield Presbyterian Church

Gerrard Hall is renovated and its south portico torn down

Gerrard Hall got a new roof and interior: chairs replaced the pews, the old doors were walled up and two new doors opened on the east. The decaying south porch and its columns were pulled down.

Subject: Gerrard Hall

Harriet Berry works for the state Geological and Economic Survey in Chapel Hill

Berry began work in Chapel Hill with the North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey in 1901 and rose from stenographer to secretary and, in 1917, acting head. She left in 1921, the year her Good Roads lobbying produced the state highway commission law.

People: Joseph Hyde Pratt

Isaac Hall Manning joins the UNC medical faculty

Manning came to the School of Medicine in 1901 as professor of physiology and began teaching bacteriology in 1902.

Subject: UNC School of Medicine

John W. Canada's school closes and its building becomes a rooming house

The John W. Canada School closed, and the old building on the southwest corner of Franklin and Columbia streets where it had met became a rooming house. The brick building beside it was used as a Masonic hall.

Josephus Daniels serves on the University of North Carolina board of trustees

Daniels became a member of the university board of trustees in 1901 and remained an active trustee until his death in 1948. During the 1920s he pressed for consolidating the state colleges at Chapel Hill, Raleigh and Greensboro into one university, and in 1930 he championed Frank P. Graham to succeed Harry Woodburn Chase as president.

People: Harry Woodburn Chase

Lincoln Hospital opens in Durham for Black patients

Dr. Aaron Moore and John Merrick won Duke family funding for a separate hospital where Black physicians and nurses treated Black patients, after Watts Hospital had excluded them. It opened in 1901 as a 50-bed frame building.

People: Benjamin N. (Benjamin Newton) Duke

The Alumni Building is finished

The Alumni Building was completed in 1901 with fourteen lecture rooms and the university's administrative offices. Venable put its cost at $36,000.

Subject: Alumni Building

The Mary Ann Smith Dormitory is completed

The Mary Ann Smith Dormitory was finished in 1901, adding thirty-eight student rooms. Venable later gave its cost as $16,000.

The Yackety Yack replaces the fraternity-sponsored Hellenian as UNC's yearbook

The Hellenian, the yearbook put out by the fraternities, gave way in 1901 to the Yackety Yack.

The pharmacy department is made part of the university

The department of pharmacy, run by Dean Edward V. Howell, was formally incorporated into the university in 1901. Its laboratory and lecture space was then doubled.

People: E. V. (Edward Vernon) Howell

Subject: UNC School of Pharmacy

The university completes its water works, sewerage and central heating plant

During 1900-01 the university finished its water works and sewer system, installed a forced-circulation hot-water heating plant, and built a boiler house, workshop and printing office. Two new dynamos doubled its electric lighting.

The university track team wins the Southern championship at New Orleans

Running on a cinder track given by student Henry S. Lake, a university track team competed at New Orleans against Vanderbilt, Tulane and Texas and won the Southern championship.

Thomas F. Lloyd gives a church lot facing his mill to Chapel Hill's four congregations

Lloyd offered a Weaver Street lot to the Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Baptists and Methodists of Chapel Hill. The first two gave up their rights, and the Baptists and Methodists built Union Chapel on it in 1901 or 1902, a frame building about twenty by thirty feet.

Subject: Carrboro Baptist Church (Century Center)

The Hillsboro school committee buys the town's first public schoolhouse and lot

The committee bought a house on a two-acre lot, known as the Wash Bruce or Gill lot, from E. S. Cooley for $500. Pender says Hillsboro had never before owned a school building; the county board furnished it and paid for repairs.

Subject: Hillsborough High School

The school board refuses to let Mormon elders preach in county schoolhouses

Among grievances heard in January 1901, the board went on record against allowing Mormon missionaries to preach in Orange County school buildings.

Jesse Ruffin, coachman and stagecoach driver, dies

Jesse Ruffin died in his nineties at his grandson Lindsey Faucette's house, out between Hillsborough and Durham. The Durham Sun remembered him as Judge Ruffin's servant and later Paul Cameron's, and a stagecoach driver before the railroad came; he was carried to Hillsborough by train for burial.

Archibald Henderson receives the first Ph.D. in mathematics from UNC

Archibald Henderson, who had graduated from UNC in 1898, received the university's first doctorate in mathematics at the June 1901 commencement. He stayed on the Chapel Hill faculty until 1948.

A school district is created south of White Cross on donated land

The board approved a new district south of White Cross whose land and building were given on condition that they revert when no longer used for a public school, with Sunday school and preaching allowed. Children of the Old Field school were moved to it.

Josiah Turner Jr. dies at his Hillsborough home

Josiah Turner Jr., former Confederate congressman and editor of the Raleigh Sentinel, died at his home in Hillsborough and was buried in the churchyard of St. Matthew's Church.

Subject: St. Matthew’s Episcopal Church

A Pilgrim Holiness congregation is organized in West Hillsborough

A Holiness congregation, later the Pilgrim Holiness Church of West Hillsborough, was organized in 1902. It had a 250-seat building and 27 members in 1953.

Charles E. Maddry is pastor of First Baptist Church, Hillsborough

Charles Edward Maddry was pastor of the First Baptist Church in Hillsborough while finishing his studies at the University of North Carolina.

John W. Graham builds the present house at Montrose

After his 1893 fire, John W. Graham lived in the enlarged law office until 1902, when he built the two-story frame house that is the core of the present Montrose, the third house on the site.

People: John W. Graham

Subject: Montrose

Merchant B. B. Forrest has a Victorian cottage built on North Wake Street

A one-story T-shaped cottage with shingled gables and bracketed porches was built for B. B. Forrest, partner in the O. J. and B. B. Forrest general store, about the year he married Mollie Belle Smith of Leasburg. The 2014 district update calls it a rare, intact example of a T-shaped Victorian cottage.

S. J. Brockwell builds a three-story brick building at Franklin and Columbia streets

Samuel Jackson Brockwell put up a three-story brick building on the northeast corner of Franklin and Columbia streets. Its first tenant, Samuel Weldon Andrews, took both ground-floor storefronts, with groceries on the Columbia Street side and dry goods on the other.

Shepperd Strudwick brings his family back to Hillsborough

Shepperd Strudwick, a native of Hillsborough, returned to the town with his family when his son Clement, born in Tennessee in April 1900, was two.

People: Clement Read Strudwick

The university offers the clinical years of medicine in Raleigh

From 1902 to 1910 the university tried offering the two clinical years and an M.D. degree, but those courses were taught in Raleigh rather than Chapel Hill. Otherwise it gave only the first two years of medicine until 1952.

The university withdraws from the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association

After two years as a member, the university left the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association in 1902. Its schools lay in Tennessee, South Carolina and farther south, out of touch with Chapel Hill.

Walter Dallam Toy builds a new house on West Franklin Street

Newly married, Professor Toy built a new house on the land he had bought from Julia Graves. In 1912 Robert B. House noted it near the corner of Church Street.

Cedar Grove district finishes a new $279 schoolhouse with county help

The board paid $150 from the general fund toward the new schoolhouse of Cedar Grove District No. 6, which cost $279.

Subject: Cedar Grove schools

The county pays $214 toward a schoolhouse at Pleasant Green

The board paid Pleasant Green, District No. 1 of Little River Township, $214 for its school building.

The state charters the Blanche Hosiery Mills Company at West End

The secretary of state issued a charter to the Blanche Hosiery Mills Company, formed by W. R. Lloyd, T. J. Hogan, John Lloyd and W. E. Lindsay to make hosiery. The company began on $6,500 in stock, with leave to raise it to $15,000.

Buckhorn residents build an academy that will also house the public school

The board approved a Gravelly Hill committee's plan to build an academy at Buckhorn and locate the public school there, retiring the old Buckhorn schoolhouse. The trustees guaranteed the board use of the building for school purposes permanently.

Caldwell Institute gets a large new school district

A committee from Caldwell Institute asked for one district made from parts of the Wilson, Little River and Poplar Grove districts. The board approved and had the boundary surveyed.

Subject: Caldwell Institute · Caldwell School

Charles E. Maddry is ordained at the Chapel Hill Baptist Church

Charles Edward Maddry was ordained to the Baptist ministry at the Chapel Hill Baptist Church, now University Baptist Church.

Subject: University Baptist Church

Lightning burns the race track barn at Occoneechee Farm

During an electrical storm, lightning struck the "Pocahontas" or race track barn on Julian Carr's Occoneechee Farm, destroying it with its feed and farm machinery. No livestock were inside, and the loss was insured.

People: Julian S. Carr

Subject: Occoneechee Farm

The Blanche Hosiery Company builds its own knitting mill near the West End depot

After more than a year in the upper story of Tom Lloyd's cotton mill, the Blanche Hosiery Company put up a $1,500 building of its own near the depot and planned to move in about July 1. The owners said Lloyd charged too much for power.

A northeast windstorm tears two limbs from the Davie Poplar

A fierce wind from the northeast on August 6, 1902, destroyed many old trees on the campus and tore two large limbs from the Davie Poplar. The tree later put out new growth.

Subject: McCorkle Place (with the Davie Poplar)

Caldwell asks for an election on a rural graded school

The Caldwell community asked for a vote on establishing a rural graded school, and the board asked the county commissioners to call the election.

Baptists organize Union Chapel in West End

On land Thomas Lloyd deeded for churches, Baptists and Methodists shared a small Weaver Street building on alternate Sundays, and the Baptists organized as Union Chapel with seventeen charter members; the congregation became Venable Baptist in 1911 and Carrboro Baptist in 1914.

People: Thomas F. Lloyd (Carrboro mill builder)

Subject: Carrboro Baptist Church (Century Center)

Charles Baskerville announces two new elements, carolinium and berzelium

Baskerville's research at the university on thorium and other rare earths led him in 1903 to announce two previously unknown elements, which he named carolinium and berzelium.

Charles T. Woollen becomes the first director of the university band

Charles T. Woollen, a university administrator, became the first director of the university band in 1903 and led it until 1919. The band first performed at a university baseball game in 1904 and was giving concerts on the Alumni Building steps by 1906.

Commissioners create Cheeks and Eno townships

Acting on a 1903 act, the county board carved Cheeks Township out of western Hillsboro Township and formed Eno River Township out of pieces of Hillsboro and Little River.

Edward Vernon Howell owns Chapel Hill's first automobile

Pharmacy dean Edward Vernon Howell, then living in the old Fetter house on East Franklin Street, became the first in town to own a car, a one-cylinder Oldsmobile.

Frank Nash publishes Hillsboro, Colonial and Revolutionary

Nash collected his articles on the town from the Charlotte Observer and the North Carolina Booklet into a book, printed in Raleigh by Edwards & Broughton. It was reprinted in 1953.

George Howe is elected professor of Latin at the university

The trustees elected George Howe, who held a Ph.D., professor of Latin for 1903-04 in place of Dr. H. F. Linscott, who had died in December. Howe kept the chair until 1936.

Gooch's Café opens in Chapel Hill with seven seats

Gooch's Café began feeding university students in Chapel Hill about 1903, with seven seats by its own later account. It stayed a student gathering place for more than fifty years.

Subject: Gooch’s Café

John Sprunt Hill endows a fellowship in history

In his 1903 alumni address John Sprunt Hill gave the interest on $4,000 to set up a fellowship in the department of history. The first year's interest was to go toward a YMCA building.

Subject: University YMCA

Mount Bright Baptist Church's first building burns

Fire destroyed Mount Bright Baptist Church's original building, on the lot Susan Graham had given the congregation. The 2014 Hillsborough Historic District documentation places that first church on South Churton Street near the Eno, before the congregation moved to West Union Street early in the twentieth century.

Subject: Mount Bright Baptist Church

Sidney W. Crabtree starts a farm on land from the Smith plantation

A 54-acre farm on Smith Level Road was formed in 1903 from part of the old Smith plantation. Its Triple-A farmhouse and six outbuildings survive, and a graveyard there is thought to hold people enslaved on the plantation.

The Bingham house is moved down East Union Street to clear the corner for Shepperd Strudwick's house

The 1831 William J. Bingham House is moved half a block east on East Union Street so that Shepperd Strudwick can build on its lot at the corner of Churton and Union. Much of the old house's outside dates from the move.

People: William James Bingham

The Martha Patterson House is built on McCauley Street

A two-story Triple-A house with a center front gable went up about 1903 at 223 McCauley Street. It takes its name from a former owner, Martha Patterson.

William C. Coker begins turning a boggy pasture into the campus arboretum

UNC's first professor of botany began developing a five-acre boggy pasture on the campus into an outdoor classroom for the study of trees, shrubs and vines native to North Carolina. From the 1920s through the 1940s he added many East Asian trees and shrubs.

Subject: Coker Arboretum

William D. Moss becomes pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Chapel Hill

Coming from pastorates in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia, William Dygnum Moss arrived in North Carolina in 1903 to lead the Presbyterian Church of Chapel Hill. Apart from six years in Washington, he served the congregation until his death in 1932.

Subject: University Presbyterian Church

Hillsborough Methodist Church buys town lot 94 and its house for a new parsonage

The church bought lot 94, with a one-story five-room house, from James Webb, son of Dr. James Webb, and used it as the parsonage. The lot later held the 1958 parsonage.

Subject: Hillsborough Methodist Church

The university confers its first Doctor of Medicine degrees

On the evening of May 7, 1903, Dean Hubert A. Royster presented four graduates of the Medical Department, and the M.D. degree was conferred for the first time in the university's history.

People: Hubert Ashley Royster

Subject: UNC School of Medicine

A survey enlarging the graveyard is laid before the Chapel Hill aldermen

After a 1902 trustee resolution to enlarge the crowded burying ground, a survey by James O. Webb presented to the town board on December 12, 1903 added two-thirds of an acre on the west and one and one-third acres on the east. No approval is recorded, but the east addition matches Section II, where regular burials began in the early 1900s.

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

A Mr. Graham grains the doors and wainscot of the Faucette House

The six-panel doors and pine wainscot of the house were given their combed graining in 1904-05, work that survives.

Subject: David Faucette House (The Elms)

A Phi Beta Kappa chapter is established at the university

As dean of the faculty, Eben Alexander, himself a Phi Beta Kappa member from Yale, helped establish a chapter of the honor society at the University of North Carolina in 1904.

Brockwell turns his building's ground floor into a skating rink

When Samuel Weldon Andrews was elected sheriff and closed his store, Brockwell remodeled the first floor of his building at Franklin and Columbia streets as a skating rink.

Efland Baptist Church is organized

Baptists at Efland organized a church in 1904. It had 55 members in 1953.

Eno Mill adds cloth weaving

New looms extended operations beyond spinning yarn.

Subject: Eno Mill

Eugene M. Armfield gives $5,000 for books in English philology

Eugene Morehead Armfield of the class of 1888 gave the university $5,000, with the interest to buy books for advanced study of English philology.

Joseph Hyde Pratt teaches economic geology at UNC

Pratt was professor of economic geology at the University of North Carolina from 1904 to 1925, while also serving as state geologist.

Kappa Alpha opens its chapter house near the campus

Chapters had begun leaving the dormitories in the 1890s, renting houses before they built them; Alpha Tau Omega had a chapter house by 1893. Kappa Alpha's house of 1904 began the row of fraternity houses near Franklin and Columbia streets that became Fraternity Row.

Phillips Russell graduates from the university and helps found the Golden Fleece

Russell edited the student paper the Tar Heel and was one of the founders of the honorary society Golden Fleece before graduating in 1904.

Shepperd Strudwick builds a Churton Street house designed by Ralph Adams Cram

Shepperd Strudwick built a Neoclassical Revival house on Churton Street to a design Ralph Adams Cram drew about 1904; Cram's wife Elizabeth was the sister of Strudwick's wife Susan. The site had been cleared in 1903 by moving the antebellum W. J. Bingham House down East Union Street, and the house was finished about 1908. It was later named Tamarind.

Shepperd Strudwick heads the new Bellevue Manufacturing Company in west Hillsborough

The Bellevue Manufacturing Company, Hillsborough's cotton mill in the west of the town, was incorporated in 1904 with Shepperd Strudwick as its first president, and he remained president until 1929. By 1911 the mill ran 5,000 spindles and 200 looms making ginghams.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

The old Joseph Caldwell obelisk is taken down, later to stand for four college servants

In July 1904 the remains of President Joseph Caldwell and his wife were moved to the base of the 1858 marble monument, and the original sandstone obelisk was taken down, to be set up again in the Black section of the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery. It was later raised over Wilson Caldwell's grave, and a marble tablet placed in its base by the Class of 1891 names Wilson Swain Caldwell, November Caldwell, David Barham and Henry Smith, who served the university.

People: Wilson Swain Caldwell

Subject: Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

The university opens a summer course in library work

By 1904 the university had begun a summer course of instruction in library work, meant to train librarians as workers with books rather than custodians. Louis Round Wilson taught library methods in the 1905 Summer School.

People: Louis Round Wilson

Subject: University Summer School

The university organizes a Graduate Department with C. Alphonso Smith as dean

By the 1904 commencement the university had organized its Graduate Department, with Dr. C. Alphonso Smith as dean. An alumni committee on the university's condition praised the step.

Orange County teachers are offered the university summer school and pay tied to exam scores

The board accepted Dr. Venable's offer to admit county teachers to the University Summer School and set pay by the July examination: $35 a month for an average of 95 and $40 for 98.

People: Francis Preston Venable

Subject: University Summer School

The superior court orders the old Ruffin place sold to Nannie Russell Roulhac

Under a superior court judgment, Allen J. Ruffin was named commissioner to convey the ten-acre Ruffin place to Mrs. Nannie Russell Roulhac of Rockingham County for $100 in cash and a mortgage note of $1,455.

People: Allen Jones Ruffin

Subject: Ruffin-Roulhac House (Little Hawfields)

Mebane School District becomes the first to tax itself for a longer school term

After a district election, the commissioners gave the sheriff a tax list for the Mebane district at 30 cents per $100 and 90 cents a poll. By 1910 special school taxes were collected in six districts.

The Bank of Orange opens in Hillsborough

Started in May 1904 with $5,000 in capital, it was Hillsborough's first bank since the Civil War. Dr. J. S. Spurgeon was president and Paul C. Collins cashier for its whole life.

The Rev. John C. Hocutt replaces Charles Maddry as county school superintendent

Maddry resigned in July 1904 to study at the Southern Baptist seminary, and the board chose his friend and former pastor John C. Hocutt to serve out the term. Hocutt stayed until 1908.

People: Charles Edward Maddry

P. C. Collins buys the southern part of the future Bellevue mill site from J. W. Hooker

Before the Bellevue company was incorporated, P. C. Collins bought the south half of the mill site near the West Hillsborough depot from J. W. Hooker; a later hand added that he acted as the mill's agent. Collins, a shareholder, passed the land to the company in 1905.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

A West King Street house becomes the Cole Hotel

The house at 132 West King Street, a one-story residence on the 1905 Sanborn map, is labeled the Cole Hotel by 1911. It was raised to two full stories with a wraparound porch by 1924 and was a private house again before 1943.

Beta Theta Pi builds a house on the original Fraternity Row

The Eta chapter put up its first house at the edge of campus on Fraternity Row in 1905, which brought the chapter a run of growth until World War I.

Subject: Beta Theta Pi Fraternity House

Edward Kidder Graham organizes the Odd Number Club for student writers

Members met monthly to hear poems, sketches and prose by one another, kept ties with like clubs at Tennessee, Georgia, Virginia, Texas and Vanderbilt, and worked to build up campus journalism.

George Howe buys an East Franklin Street lot from the university and builds a house

In 1905 the university sold George Howe the lot at 620 East Franklin Street, and the two-story hip-roofed house on it probably went up within a year or so.

People: George Howe

Isaac Hall Manning is dean of the UNC School of Medicine

As dean for 28 years, Manning improved the school's departments, faculty, facilities and entrance requirements.

Subject: UNC School of Medicine

John O'Daniel builds a Queen Anne cottage on McCauley Street

John O'Daniel's Queen Anne cottage at 237 McCauley Street has a tall hip roof, a projecting wing with a bay, and a porch that wraps around to a gazebo at the corner.

Martha Hall sells the Ellis house to Sheriff R. D. Baine

After Nelson Hall died, his widow Martha bought the house and farm from his estate and sold them two years later to Orange County sheriff R. D. Baine.

Subject: Rev. Ira Ellis House (Little Ayr Mount)

Mathematician and historian Archibald Henderson builds his house on East Franklin Street

Archibald Henderson, who taught mathematics at UNC from 1898 to 1948 and later wrote a history of the campus buildings, built a large frame house at 721 East Franklin Street in 1905. It mixes Colonial Revival porch, entrance and widow's walk with leftover Queen Anne diamond-pane windows and bays.

Merchant John Edward Clark builds a two-room schoolhouse on Old Oxford Road

Clark, a Chapel Hill storekeeper, replaced a one-room school he had also built on the site at 108 Old Oxford Road. In 1992 it was the only schoolhouse known in Chapel Hill from before school consolidation.

Mill engineer Richard C. Biberstein lays out the machinery for the Bellevue mill

The new company hired Richard C. Biberstein, a Charlotte mill designer trained in Massachusetts, to plan the arrangement of its machinery; his drawings run from 1905 to 1907. Fifteen years later he designed the mill's weaving room.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

Patterson Mill miller George Brown buys a farm on Mount Moriah Road

In 1905 George Brown, the miller at Patterson Mill, acquired the 1885 farmstead; his children still owned it in 1992.

Roy Thayer builds a Queen Anne house on McCauley Street for William H. Haward

Builder Roy Thayer put up the two-story Queen Anne house at 219 McCauley Street for William H. Haward in 1905. Haward rented it out, and it later passed to his granddaughter, Margaret Webb Callihan.

Sam Nunn and neighbors raise the last recorded log house in the township

About 1905 Sam Nunn built a two-story log house for his family with help from Monroe Partin, Green Johnson and one more neighbor. His daughter Annabel Lloyd remembered the four builders, one at each corner, and the survey found no later log dwelling.

Shepperd Strudwick buys Allen Ruffin's land north of the future Bellevue mill

Four years before the Bellevue mill was built, Strudwick acquired the tract north of the site from Ruffin, one of the Eno Cotton Mill's founders, probably to build company housing there.

People: Allen Jones Ruffin

Subject: Bellevue Mill

Swain 'Kern' Pendergraft opens a fruit store and newsstand

Pendergraft opened a fruit store and newsstand where Merritt Cheek's house had stood. By 1912 he also ran a jitney service in competition with J. T. Durham.

The General Assembly votes $50,000 for a chemistry building

After Professor Charles Baskerville described the crowded chemistry laboratories, the legislature raised the university's yearly appropriation to $45,000 and gave $50,000 for a chemical laboratory. Venable called the building grant a new departure.

People: Charles Baskerville · Francis Preston Venable

The Peoples Bank is organized

The Peoples Bank was organized in Chapel Hill. By 1911 it was in a building just east of W. B. Sorrell's shop on East Franklin Street, which may or may not have been its first home.

The old Belle Hutchins house becomes a restaurant

The former home of Miss Belle Hutchins, daughter of John R. Hutchins, was turned into a restaurant with living quarters.

W. B. Sorrell keeps a jewelry and optometry shop on East Franklin Street

W. B. Sorrell sold jewelry and fitted eyeglasses from a building just west of Adam A. Kluttz's stores, likely the site of the earlier Pritchard and Lloyd store.

William de Berniere MacNider organizes UNC's first Department of Pharmacology

MacNider, a Chapel Hill native and 1903 graduate of the medical school's first class, organized the university's first Department of Pharmacology and led it as professor.

H. S. Bradshaw returns to the Hillsborough Presbyterian pulpit for a 33-year second pastorate

Bradshaw, pastor from 1894 to 1900, came back in 1905 and stayed until 1938, giving him thirty-nine years in all, the longest service in the church's history. He is buried in the churchyard.

Subject: Hillsborough Presbyterian Church

The Leonidas Polk Chapter of the UDC holds Confederate memorial exercises

On May 10, 1905, the Leonidas Polk Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy held memorial exercises in Gerrard Hall, reading the roll of students who had served in the Confederate army. Children and adults then carried flowers to decorate soldiers' graves in the village cemetery.

People: Thomas Hume

Subject: Gerrard Hall · Old Chapel Hill Cemetery

Efland Methodist Church is organized

Methodists at Efland organized a church and built it the same year.

Judge W. P. Bynum gives the university a gymnasium

Judge William Preston Bynum paid for a gymnasium on the campus in memory of his grandson and namesake, a student who died before graduating, and presented it to the trustees by letter in May 1905. Dr. Richard H. Lewis accepted it at commencement.

People: Francis Preston Venable · Richard H. Lewis

Subject: Bynum Hall (Bynum Gymnasium)

Hillsboro grants John D. Morris a franchise to build a telephone exchange

The town commissioners gave John D. Morris of Roxboro the exclusive right for twenty years to build and run a telephone system and central office in Hillsboro, if he began work within six months of July 1, 1905. By late 1906 the Morris Telephone Exchange was advertising service in town.

The county counts 17 rural school libraries for white children and one for Black children

The 1905 annual statistical report found 18 rural school libraries in the county, holding 1,581 volumes in white schools and 92 in the single Black school library.

A Southern Railway freight train wrecks at the Eno railroad bridge in Hillsboro

Eastbound freight No. 72 left the track just west of the Eno bridge; one car went over the side into the river and eleven more piled up, twisting the bridge's iron supports. No one was hurt, and mail trains crossed again the next morning.

Subject: North Carolina Railroad

Gains Chapel AME Church is organized at Efland

Robert Watson, Shurman Morrow and Brown Wright led the organization of Gains Chapel, an African Methodist Episcopal church at Efland, about 1906.

J. G. de Roulhac Hamilton joins the UNC history faculty

Hamilton, born in Hillsborough and trained at Columbia under William A. Dunning, was appointed associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina. He served the university until he retired in 1951.

John Sprunt Hill endows the North Carolina Collection

John Sprunt Hill gave the university library money for collecting historical and literary material about North Carolina, the start of what became the North Carolina Collection.

Subject: UNC Libraries

Mount Bright Baptist Church is rebuilt

Three years after the fire, Mount Bright's members raised a new church; the Rev. Alvis Whitted was then the pastor. The congregation's present church on West Union Street dates from 1979.

Subject: Mount Bright Baptist Church

The Efland family opens an excelsior plant at Efland

The Efland family founded one of North Carolina's first excelsior, or wood wool, plants at Efland in 1906, with Mack P. Efland as manager. By 1911 the Orange Manufacturing Company was listed as an excelsior maker at Efland.

The Graham family gives up the Nash-Hooper House

The family of former governor William A. Graham, who bought the West Tryon Street house about 1870, owned it until 1906. After that it passed through a number of families.

Subject: Nash-Hooper House

The new chemistry building is completed and Person Hall goes to medicine

The university spent $45,000 of the state grant on a chemistry building that held three times as many students as the old one. The rest refitted Person Hall, the old chemistry building, for the Medical Department and New East for biology.

People: Charles H (Charles Holmes) Herty

Subject: Person Hall · UNC School of Medicine

The school board helps Chestnut Ridge Institute after its dormitory burns

Taking account of the loss of its dormitory building by fire, the board paid Chestnut Ridge Institute the $15 balance owed for painting, patrons having raised $37.

A storm damages the corner of Franklin and Columbia streets in Chapel Hill

A photograph in the book's plates shows storm damage at Franklin and Columbia streets on January 26, 1906.

Charles E. Maddry marries Emma Parker at Hillsborough Baptist Church

The former pastor Charles E. Maddry married Emma Parker, daughter of church members T. B. and Penelope Parker, in the Hillsborough Baptist church. Hight C. Moore and the pastor A. C. Hamby performed the ceremony.

The trustees agree to buy the old hotel near the campus

At their June 1906 meeting the trustees agreed to buy the old Eagle Hotel, later the Chapel Hill Hotel and then the University Inn, for $19,700 to use for dormitories. The two-acre lot had sold for $200 in 1792. W. W. Pickard kept the hotel until early 1908, when the University put Addison Lambeth in charge.

Subject: Eagle Hotel (Chapel Hill)

A freshman shoots a sophomore during a hazing attack

Set upon by three sophomores as he crossed the campus, a freshman pulled a pistol and shot one of them, who was gravely wounded but survived. It was the most serious hazing case at the university before Isaac William Rand's death in 1912.

Orange and Alamance agree on a shared Union School in the old Hebron district

At the request of Alamance superintendent William S. Long, the Orange board set up a school for a district lying in both counties, to be called Union School, formerly Hebron.

A Colonial Revival house is built on West King Street for merchant B. B. Forrest

A large two-and-a-half-story Colonial Revival house was built around 1907 at 176 West King Street for B. B. Forrest, who ran a general store. It first appears on the 1911 Sanborn map.

A new president's house is completed

The university finished a new residence for its president in 1907 at a cost of about $15,000, on high ground in Chapel Hill.

People: Francis Preston Venable

Attorney Frank Nash inherits the old Strudwick office and makes it his office and home

Frank Nash inherited the former Strudwick medical and law office at 139 West King Street and used it as both his law office and his home. It has been a private house since 1924.

Education professor M. C. S. Noble takes a Queen Anne house on West Cameron Avenue

The two-story frame Queen Anne house at 214 West Cameron Avenue, with a front gable and wraparound porch, is believed to have belonged about 1907 to Marcus Cicero Stephens Noble, later dean of the School of Education.

People: M. C. S. Noble

Geologist Joseph Hyde Pratt builds a Colonial Revival house on East Franklin Street

Joseph Hyde Pratt, UNC professor of economic geology and later state geologist, builds a two-story Colonial Revival house set well back on a large lot on East Franklin Street. Pratt also built several other houses on that part of the street.

James Finch Royster joins the university's English department

James Finch Royster came to the university's English department in the fall of 1907 and taught there for seven years.

Maplewood Cemetery is started as a burial ground for Black Hillsborough

The cemetery on Corbin Street, west of the Town Cemetery, seems to have begun as a burial ground for Black residents about 1900 and may sit on an older Faucette family burying ground. The state cemetery census counts 207 graves, many marked only with fieldstones or not at all.

N. W. Walker revives the UNC summer school

Walker, professor of secondary education since 1905, revived the university's summer school in 1907 and directed it for twenty-seven years. In 1921 he became acting dean of the School of Education.

Subject: University Summer School

Occoneechee Lodge No. 299 of the Odd Fellows is chartered

The Independent Order of Odd Fellows chartered Occoneechee Lodge No. 299, which lasted until 1921.

Sarah Kollock dies and the Nash law office stops serving as a music studio

The former Nash law office remained a music studio until the death of Sarah Kollock, the last of the teachers of the Nash and Kollock School.

People: Sarah Kollock

Subject: Nash and Kollock School · Nash Law Office

The Archer family builds a house on South Columbia Street that becomes a student boarding house

The Archer House went up on South Columbia Street in 1907, and Mrs. Joseph Archer ran it as a boarding house for University students. The University bought the house in the 1920s.

Subject: Archer House

The school board divides the Hillsboro district and orders a two-teacher school at West Hill

The board split the Hillsboro district and ordered a school with two teachers built at West Hill, the mill section west of town.

The university infirmary opens

A new infirmary with room for about twenty patients and an operating room came into use in 1907. It cost about $20,000 to build and equip.

Subject: University infirmary (Abernethy Hall)

Walter W. Pickard builds a new Pickard Hotel at Franklin and Pine streets

After the old hotel he had leased passed to the university, Pickard and his wife built a new seventy-five-room Pickard Hotel on the northwest corner of Franklin and Pine streets.

Subject: Pickard Hotel

S. T. Forrest buys out his partners in S. T. Forrest & Co. at Efland

The Efland firm of S. T. Forrest & Co. was dissolved by mutual consent. Partners C. C. Taylor and Charles L. Boggs sold and assigned their whole interest to Stephen T. Forrest.

The University Dramatic Club stages a student show

On May 1, 1907, the University Dramatic Club acted a student-written show with a mock sermon and a burlesque faculty meeting. L. W. Parker was the club president.

Frank Nash serves as mayor of Hillsborough

During Nash's four years as mayor the town laid its first concrete sidewalks, and plans for a public library began to take shape.

Masons lay the cornerstone of the Carnegie library

On the Saturday of the 1907 commencement the Grand Lodge of Masons, led by Grand Master Francis D. Winston, laid the cornerstone of the new library built with Andrew Carnegie's gift. Construction had begun in October 1906.

People: M. C. S. Noble

Subject: UNC Libraries · Hill Hall

The campus YMCA building is dedicated

The new Young Men's Christian Association building was formally dedicated on the evening of June 2, 1907, after the YMCA sermon. Professor J. W. Gore presented it for the building committee and Dr. Richard H. Lewis accepted it for the trustees.

People: Richard H. Lewis

Subject: University YMCA

Kemp P. Battle and Thomas Hume retire on Carnegie pensions

At the 1907 commencement President Venable announced the resignations of Kemp P. Battle, professor of history and former president, and Thomas Hume, professor of English, both placed on the Carnegie Foundation pension list.

People: Kemp Plummer Battle · Francis Preston Venable · Thomas Hume

Subject: Memorial Hall

The Durham Recorder hails "Progressive Hillsboro" and the mill town at its depot

A Recorder article pointed to Hillsborough's new buildings, macadam roads and growing textile trade, and to a large mill that had raised a settlement around the depot called West Hillsboro. The authors think the mill meant was the Eno Cotton Mill, since Bellevue was not yet running.

The Oliver family takes over the Cedar Grove crossroads store

The Oliver family acquired the frame store the Allison family had built at the Cedar Grove crossroads in the 1880s. They kept it until C. H. Pender and his wife Irene Oliver took it over in the 1960s.

A Queen Anne house is built on West King Street for Samuel Mallett Gattis

The two-story house at 158 West King Street was built for lawyer Samuel Mallett Gattis, former clerk of superior court and Speaker of the state House in 1903. The Gattis family also rebuilt the lot's old wellhouse that year.

People: Samuel Mallett Gattis

A house is built on Battle Lane for English professor Edward Kidder Graham and his wife Susan

English professor Edward Kidder Graham, later president of the university, and his wife Susan Williams Moses Graham build a shingled two-story house at 115 Battle Lane that mixes Colonial Revival and Craftsman details.

Allen J. and Annie Gray Ruffin buy the James A. Cheek House

The Cheek family, owners since about 1875, sells the Italianate house at 219 North Churton Street to Allen J. and Annie Gray Ruffin in 1908. Annie Gray Ruffin, by then a widow, sold it to Houston J. Walker in 1919.

People: Allen Jones Ruffin

Andrew Henry Patterson becomes the university's professor of physics

Andrew Henry Patterson, an 1891 graduate of the university, came from the University of Georgia in 1908 to be professor of physics and held the chair for the rest of his life.

Botanist William C. Coker builds his house at The Rocks

At The Rocks, his estate north of the village (now 609 North Street), botanist William Coker built a stuccoed two-story house raised on a high stone base, with wide eaves and a fieldstone wainscot. Little finds it the nearest thing in Chapel Hill to Frank Lloyd Wright's Prairie houses; its architect is unknown.

People: William Chambers Coker

Subject: The Rocks (William C. Coker House)

C. M. and W. H. Andrews take over the West End Drug Company in West Hillsboro

Two Chapel Hill natives, C. M. and W. H. Andrews, bought the West End Drug Company, a drug store with a soda fountain serving the mill families of West Hillsboro. C. M. Andrews ran it until he left town in 1926.

E. M. Highsmith becomes the first superintendent of the Chapel Hill schools

The book's list of Chapel Hill school superintendents begins with E. M. Highsmith, 1908 to 1910. Chapel Hill ran its schools as a separate unit under a special legislative charter.

Subject: Chapel Hill and Carrboro city schools

Eno Methodist Church is founded in West Hillsborough

Eno Methodist Church began with services upstairs in the Eno Cotton Mill's company store; in 1908 Allen Ruffin gave land in West Hillsborough and the frame church went up. It had 147 members in 1953.

People: Allen Jones Ruffin

Subject: Eno Mill · Eno Methodist Church

Nannie Roulhac remodels the Ruffin house

Mrs. Nannie Russell Roulhac remodeled the house after buying it, though the main block kept its 1830 form.

Subject: Ruffin-Roulhac House (Little Hawfields)

Nonfraternity juniors elect a fraternity man class president and hold an open junior prom

Frank Porter Graham helped rally the nonfraternity majority of his class to elect a fraternity member as president on merit, breaking a long custom, and the class held a junior promenade open to every man in it.

People: Frank Porter Graham

The Carrboro Public School is built on West Main Street

The one-story frame school at 114 West Main Street replaced the first school, held in a Center Street mill house, and taught seven grades under Mr. McDuffie, also the Baptist pastor. After the graded school opened late in 1921 it became the Methodist parsonage, serving until 1955.

Subject: Carrboro Elementary School

The Eno Methodist congregation builds its church on land given by Allen Ruffin

The congregation formed for Eno Cotton Mill workers first met in an upper room of a mill building. In 1908 it moved into a simple front-gabled frame church with pointed-arch windows and a small belfry, on land Ruffin donated facing the mill across the railroad tracks.

People: Allen Jones Ruffin

Subject: Eno Mill · Eno Methodist Church

The John Calvin McNair lectures on science and religion begin

The lecture fund left by John Calvin McNair of the class of 1849 became available in 1906 from the sale of his plantation, and the first McNair lectures were given in 1908 by Francis H. Smith of the University of Virginia.

The county board builds the first room of Carr School for $300

Carr School in northwest Orange County, a gable-roofed weatherboarded schoolhouse, went up in 1908 with one room costing $300. The nomination names it among the few surviving frame schools the county built for Black children; it stands long vacant.

The detached kitchen at the Nash-Hooper House is torn down

The nineteenth-century frame kitchen that had stood a few steps east of the Nash-Hooper House since 1819 was demolished.

Subject: Nash-Hooper House

The university adds a new athletic field and tennis courts

By University Day 1908 the university had laid out a new athletic field for about $1,000 and built more tennis courts, and a new dissecting hall was in use.

The university opens Davie Hall for botany and zoology

Ordered by the trustees in June 1907 and begun late that year, the university's new building for botany and zoology, named William R. Davie Hall, was finished for the fall 1908 session. It was renovated and expanded in 1967.

Subject: Davie Hall

Thomas A. Corbin reopens the old Occoneechee Hotel as the Corbinton Inn

After D. C. Parks sold the Occoneechee Hotel early in 1908, Thomas A. Corbin reopened it on West King Street as the Corbinton Inn. The inn kept that name until 1946, when it became the Colonial Inn.

Subject: Colonial Inn

UNC sets up a separate botany department with Coker as its chair

By 1908 William C. Coker, who had come to the university as an associate professor in 1902, was a full professor and chair of the newly established Botany Department, housed in Davie Hall.

UNC trustees approve the United Daughters of the Confederacy's request to build a Confederate monument on the campus

The board of trustees approved a request from the North Carolina Division of the UDC for a monument on the campus. President Francis P. Venable took part in the planning and fund-raising and later committed university money when UDC and alumni contributions fell short.

Part of Silent Sam · 15 events

People: Francis Preston Venable

Subject: Silent Sam (UNC Confederate monument)

William D. Hogan builds a frame I-house on Homestead Road

In 1908 a small two-story frame house was built for William D. Hogan near Calvander. It was still well kept in 1992, with two later outbuildings.

Faculty members organize the Chapel Hill Country Club

About forty-five people, mostly university faculty, organized a country club and rented a house and several acres at the edge of Chapel Hill, laying out golf links and tennis courts. Joseph Hyde Pratt chaired its board of governors.

People: Joseph Hyde Pratt · Archibald Henderson · Charles H (Charles Holmes) Herty

D. C. Parks sells the Occoneechee Hotel and it closes

David C. Parks sold the Occoneechee Hotel in Hillsborough to Thomas A. Corbin of Winston-Salem, and the hotel was closed to the public while the new owner was ill.

People: David C. Parks

Subject: Colonial Inn

Joshua W. Gore, professor of physics and dean, dies

Joshua Walker Gore, professor of physics and dean of the university, died on April 9, 1908. A memorial service followed on May 10, and alumni later gave his portrait for the library.

People: M. C. S. Noble · Charles Edward Maddry

Chapel Hill holds a memorial service for Cornelia Phillips Spencer

Cornelia Phillips Spencer died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1908. On May 17 the university held a service in her memory in Gerrard Hall, opening with the hymn she wrote for the 1875 reopening.

People: Collier Cobb · Kemp Plummer Battle

Subject: Gerrard Hall

Thomas Wingate Andrews is elected superintendent of the Orange County schools

When Hocutt resigned to give full time to church work, the board on June 1, 1908 elected T. Wingate Andrews, a new UNC graduate and grandson of the Calvander schoolmaster Calvin Andrews, to fill the unexpired term; he took office that October. He served until 1911 and prepared the county's ten-year school report for 1900-1910.

Edward Kidder Graham marries Susan Williams Moses at the Chapel of the Cross

Moses, a daughter of school reformer Edward Pearson Moses, had studied at the university from 1898 to 1901 and headed Latin and Greek at Sweet Briar College; the reception was on the porch of Eben Alexander's house next door. The couple lived at Bulrushes, a shingled house at the east edge of the campus that Graham and Louis Graves had built on a lot they bought.

Subject: Chapel of the Cross

Efland Presbyterian Church is organized

Presbyterians at Efland organized a church and built a 150-seat building in 1910.

Eno Cotton Mill is enlarged and adds gingham

In 1909 the Hillsborough mill was expanded again and began weaving gingham alongside chambray and plaids. Some yarn was still sold unwoven until the First World War.

Subject: Eno Mill

Estelle Ray builds a two-story house on Oak Avenue and takes in boarders

The Ray-Upchurch House at 301 Oak Avenue went up in 1909, likely with help from Estelle Ray's carpenter son and other relatives who later worked on the Lloyd yarn mill. For almost fifty years Ray, and after her, her daughter Bedie Upchurch, let rooms there to boarders.

Gerrard Hall is refitted and daily chapel resumes for every undergraduate

With money Venable got from the legislature, Gerrard Hall's interior was renovated so that all undergraduates fit, and Dean Graham set a half-hour program before noon with ministers, faculty, trustees and other guest speakers. Upperclassmen had been excused from chapel for want of seats.

People: Edward Kidder Graham · Francis Preston Venable

Subject: Gerrard Hall

Hillsborough Township issues $40,000 in bonds for macadam roads

Under a 1901 state act, Hillsborough was the only Orange township to vote road bonds, floating $40,000 to build a few miles of macadam road. When the county sold its own road bonds in 1913, the township was repaid half.

Nannie Roulhac dies and her son William Sterling Roulhac inherits the Ruffin house

At the death of Nannie Russell Roulhac the house and block passed to her son, William Sterling Roulhac.

Subject: Ruffin-Roulhac House (Little Hawfields)

Shepperd Strudwick builds the Bellevue cotton mill on South Nash Street

The Bellevue Manufacturing Company's mill went up in 1909 west of South Nash Street, a short way beyond the town line of the day, backed by local investors and staffed by people leaving farm work. By 1912 it ran 5,000 spindles and 200 narrow looms.

Subject: Bellevue Mill

Students form the University Council to run the honor system

In 1909-10 the University Council, made up of class presidents and elected student members, was set up as the head of the honor system. It looked into cheating, drunkenness and gambling and asked guilty students to leave the university.

Venable names Edward Kidder Graham dean of the College of Liberal Arts

At 32 the youngest of the senior faculty, Graham took over the English department and replaced Eben Alexander, who was given a year's leave, as dean, with first responsibility for student discipline.

People: Francis Preston Venable · Eben Alexander

Woodrow Wilson speaks in Gerrard Hall on Robert E. Lee's centennial

On January 19, 1909, the university marked the hundredth birthday of Robert E. Lee in Gerrard Hall, with Princeton president Woodrow Wilson as the speaker.

People: Francis Preston Venable

Subject: Gerrard Hall

Shepperd Strudwick is president of the Hillsboro Clay Manufacturing Company

Besides the Bellevue mill and the Bank of Orange, Shepperd Strudwick headed the Hillsboro Clay Manufacturing Company, according to the Orange County Observer.

Alumni pledge forty-one endowed scholarships

At the 1909 alumni luncheon, classes and local alumni groups promised to endow forty-one scholarships of $1,000 each. Julian S. Carr gave five named for J. Johnston Pettigrew for sons of Confederate soldiers, and Edgar Love two named for Cornelia Phillips Spencer.

People: Julian S. Carr · Francis Preston Venable

The Pickwick, a moving-picture theatre, opens on Franklin Street next to Brockwell's building

The Pickwick, a theatre for moving pictures and musical acts, opened to the public in late November 1909 in a new building on Franklin Street, the first door east of Brockwell's building. Students filled it from the first week.

Subject: Pickwick Theatre

A cluster of Craftsman bungalows goes up at Eno Crossroads

Several Craftsman bungalows with shed dormers and knee braces are built at Eno Crossroads on US 70 between the 1910s and the early 1920s, the survey's example of how fast the style took hold.

About one in four Black farmers in Orange County own their land

State labor figures for 1910 counted 144 landowners among the county's 576 Black farmers. Most of the rest worked as laborers or sharecroppers.

Banker Paul Collins builds a Queen Anne house on North Churton Street

Banker Paul Collins builds the house at 312 North Churton Street about 1910 as a family home and a summer residence for his aunt from Edenton. It was later the longtime home of Edwin Lynch, clerk of superior court.

Black-owned town lots in Chapel Hill nearly double in ten years

The African American community's real estate grew from 98 lots in 1910 to 170 in 1920. The same passage names Black-owned barber, shoe repair, restaurant, grocery and pressing businesses of the late 1800s and early 1900s.

Blacksmith Bennie Ray builds a two-story house on Weaver Street

With carpenter Thomas Clark, Ray built a cross-shaped two-story house at 301 Weaver Street, rare among Carrboro's early houses; his family still owned it in 1983. He ran a blacksmith shop on Lloyd Street with his brother Tom and son Atlas, who kept it going after Bennie died in 1933.

Braxton Craig and partners build a small Queen Anne house on McCauley Street

Braxton Craig, W. L. Robertson and L. Lloyd are thought to have built the two-story Queen Anne house at 224 McCauley Street around 1910, apparently as a venture to sell.

Brothers John and Page Couch add a frame front to a log house on Cornwallis Road

Around 1910 a small frame house was built onto the front of a one-room log house for the brothers John and Page Couch. A log barn and a log building that may have housed tenants stand behind.

Carrboro Methodist Church is organized

Methodists in the mill village that became Carrboro organized a church in 1910 with W. A. Stanbury as first pastor.

Carrboro businessman Miles Andrews builds a frame house on East Main Street

Miles Andrews, a Carrboro businessman and farmer, builds a one-story, hip-roofed frame house in the 100 block of East Main Street and lives there for many years. It was the only frame building on the block to survive the 1924 fire.

Carrboro's business district shifts from Weaver Street to East Main Street

In the late 1910s the center of Carrboro's trade moved from the Weaver Street block by the Alberta mill to East Main Street. Some frame store buildings were hauled over from Weaver Street, and others were newly built on East Main.

Charlie and Sophie Minor, Black farm owners, build a pyramidal cottage on NC 54

About 1910 Charlie and Sophie Minor had a hip-roofed frame cottage with tall inside chimneys built on their farm west of Carrboro. The report uses it to show the better-off farmhouse types that appear around that year; four frame outbuildings of different dates remain.

Durham Hosiery Mills builds a two-story company house on New Hill for the Oakley family

The L-shaped house at 303 South Greensboro Street was one of three two-story houses for large families in the last group the mill built for Mill No. 7. The company recruited the experienced Oakleys from Burlington, whose men became superintendents and foremen, and Cora Oakley ran part of the house as a boardinghouse at 25 cents a room a week.