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Early twentieth century · 1900–1944
- 1900s
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The university track team wins the Southern championship at New Orleans
Running on a cinder track given by student Henry S. Lake, a university track team competed at New Orleans against Vanderbilt, Tulane and Texas and won the Southern championship.
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Thomas F. Lloyd gives a church lot facing his mill to Chapel Hill's four congregations
Lloyd offered a Weaver Street lot to the Presbyterians, Episcopalians, Baptists and Methodists of Chapel Hill. The first two gave up their rights, and the Baptists and Methodists built Union Chapel on it in 1901 or 1902, a frame building about twenty by thirty feet.
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The Hillsboro school committee buys the town's first public schoolhouse and lot
The committee bought a house on a two-acre lot, known as the Wash Bruce or Gill lot, from E. S. Cooley for $500. Pender says Hillsboro had never before owned a school building; the county board furnished it and paid for repairs.
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The school board refuses to let Mormon elders preach in county schoolhouses
Among grievances heard in January 1901, the board went on record against allowing Mormon missionaries to preach in Orange County school buildings.
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Jesse Ruffin, coachman and stagecoach driver, dies
Jesse Ruffin died in his nineties at his grandson Lindsey Faucette's house, out between Hillsborough and Durham. The Durham Sun remembered him as Judge Ruffin's servant and later Paul Cameron's, and a stagecoach driver before the railroad came; he was carried to Hillsborough by train for burial.
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Archibald Henderson receives the first Ph.D. in mathematics from UNC
Archibald Henderson, who had graduated from UNC in 1898, received the university's first doctorate in mathematics at the June 1901 commencement. He stayed on the Chapel Hill faculty until 1948.
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A school district is created south of White Cross on donated land
The board approved a new district south of White Cross whose land and building were given on condition that they revert when no longer used for a public school, with Sunday school and preaching allowed. Children of the Old Field school were moved to it.
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Josiah Turner Jr. dies at his Hillsborough home
Josiah Turner Jr., former Confederate congressman and editor of the Raleigh Sentinel, died at his home in Hillsborough and was buried in the churchyard of St. Matthew's Church.
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A Pilgrim Holiness congregation is organized in West Hillsborough
A Holiness congregation, later the Pilgrim Holiness Church of West Hillsborough, was organized in 1902. It had a 250-seat building and 27 members in 1953.
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Charles E. Maddry is pastor of First Baptist Church, Hillsborough
Charles Edward Maddry was pastor of the First Baptist Church in Hillsborough while finishing his studies at the University of North Carolina.
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John W. Graham builds the present house at Montrose
After his 1893 fire, John W. Graham lived in the enlarged law office until 1902, when he built the two-story frame house that is the core of the present Montrose, the third house on the site.
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Merchant B. B. Forrest has a Victorian cottage built on North Wake Street
A one-story T-shaped cottage with shingled gables and bracketed porches was built for B. B. Forrest, partner in the O. J. and B. B. Forrest general store, about the year he married Mollie Belle Smith of Leasburg. The 2014 district update calls it a rare, intact example of a T-shaped Victorian cottage.
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S. J. Brockwell builds a three-story brick building at Franklin and Columbia streets
Samuel Jackson Brockwell put up a three-story brick building on the northeast corner of Franklin and Columbia streets. Its first tenant, Samuel Weldon Andrews, took both ground-floor storefronts, with groceries on the Columbia Street side and dry goods on the other.
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Shepperd Strudwick brings his family back to Hillsborough
Shepperd Strudwick, a native of Hillsborough, returned to the town with his family when his son Clement, born in Tennessee in April 1900, was two.
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The university offers the clinical years of medicine in Raleigh
From 1902 to 1910 the university tried offering the two clinical years and an M.D. degree, but those courses were taught in Raleigh rather than Chapel Hill. Otherwise it gave only the first two years of medicine until 1952.
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The university withdraws from the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association
After two years as a member, the university left the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association in 1902. Its schools lay in Tennessee, South Carolina and farther south, out of touch with Chapel Hill.
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Walter Dallam Toy builds a new house on West Franklin Street
Newly married, Professor Toy built a new house on the land he had bought from Julia Graves. In 1912 Robert B. House noted it near the corner of Church Street.
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Cedar Grove district finishes a new $279 schoolhouse with county help
The board paid $150 from the general fund toward the new schoolhouse of Cedar Grove District No. 6, which cost $279.
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The county pays $214 toward a schoolhouse at Pleasant Green
The board paid Pleasant Green, District No. 1 of Little River Township, $214 for its school building.
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The state charters the Blanche Hosiery Mills Company at West End
The secretary of state issued a charter to the Blanche Hosiery Mills Company, formed by W. R. Lloyd, T. J. Hogan, John Lloyd and W. E. Lindsay to make hosiery. The company began on $6,500 in stock, with leave to raise it to $15,000.
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Buckhorn residents build an academy that will also house the public school
The board approved a Gravelly Hill committee's plan to build an academy at Buckhorn and locate the public school there, retiring the old Buckhorn schoolhouse. The trustees guaranteed the board use of the building for school purposes permanently.
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Caldwell Institute gets a large new school district
A committee from Caldwell Institute asked for one district made from parts of the Wilson, Little River and Poplar Grove districts. The board approved and had the boundary surveyed.
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Charles E. Maddry is ordained at the Chapel Hill Baptist Church
Charles Edward Maddry was ordained to the Baptist ministry at the Chapel Hill Baptist Church, now University Baptist Church.
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Lightning burns the race track barn at Occoneechee Farm
During an electrical storm, lightning struck the "Pocahontas" or race track barn on Julian Carr's Occoneechee Farm, destroying it with its feed and farm machinery. No livestock were inside, and the loss was insured.
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The Blanche Hosiery Company builds its own knitting mill near the West End depot
After more than a year in the upper story of Tom Lloyd's cotton mill, the Blanche Hosiery Company put up a $1,500 building of its own near the depot and planned to move in about July 1. The owners said Lloyd charged too much for power.
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A northeast windstorm tears two limbs from the Davie Poplar
A fierce wind from the northeast on August 6, 1902, destroyed many old trees on the campus and tore two large limbs from the Davie Poplar. The tree later put out new growth.
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Caldwell asks for an election on a rural graded school
The Caldwell community asked for a vote on establishing a rural graded school, and the board asked the county commissioners to call the election.
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Baptists organize Union Chapel in West End
On land Thomas Lloyd deeded for churches, Baptists and Methodists shared a small Weaver Street building on alternate Sundays, and the Baptists organized as Union Chapel with seventeen charter members; the congregation became Venable Baptist in 1911 and Carrboro Baptist in 1914.
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Charles Baskerville announces two new elements, carolinium and berzelium
Baskerville's research at the university on thorium and other rare earths led him in 1903 to announce two previously unknown elements, which he named carolinium and berzelium.
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Charles T. Woollen becomes the first director of the university band
Charles T. Woollen, a university administrator, became the first director of the university band in 1903 and led it until 1919. The band first performed at a university baseball game in 1904 and was giving concerts on the Alumni Building steps by 1906.
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Commissioners create Cheeks and Eno townships
Acting on a 1903 act, the county board carved Cheeks Township out of western Hillsboro Township and formed Eno River Township out of pieces of Hillsboro and Little River.
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Edward Vernon Howell owns Chapel Hill's first automobile
Pharmacy dean Edward Vernon Howell, then living in the old Fetter house on East Franklin Street, became the first in town to own a car, a one-cylinder Oldsmobile.
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Frank Nash publishes Hillsboro, Colonial and Revolutionary
Nash collected his articles on the town from the Charlotte Observer and the North Carolina Booklet into a book, printed in Raleigh by Edwards & Broughton. It was reprinted in 1953.
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George Howe is elected professor of Latin at the university
The trustees elected George Howe, who held a Ph.D., professor of Latin for 1903-04 in place of Dr. H. F. Linscott, who had died in December. Howe kept the chair until 1936.
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Gooch's Café opens in Chapel Hill with seven seats
Gooch's Café began feeding university students in Chapel Hill about 1903, with seven seats by its own later account. It stayed a student gathering place for more than fifty years.
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John Sprunt Hill endows a fellowship in history
In his 1903 alumni address John Sprunt Hill gave the interest on $4,000 to set up a fellowship in the department of history. The first year's interest was to go toward a YMCA building.
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Mount Bright Baptist Church's first building burns
Fire destroyed Mount Bright Baptist Church's original building, on the lot Susan Graham had given the congregation. The 2014 Hillsborough Historic District documentation places that first church on South Churton Street near the Eno, before the congregation moved to West Union Street early in the twentieth century.
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Sidney W. Crabtree starts a farm on land from the Smith plantation
A 54-acre farm on Smith Level Road was formed in 1903 from part of the old Smith plantation. Its Triple-A farmhouse and six outbuildings survive, and a graveyard there is thought to hold people enslaved on the plantation.
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The Bingham house is moved down East Union Street to clear the corner for Shepperd Strudwick's house
The 1831 William J. Bingham House is moved half a block east on East Union Street so that Shepperd Strudwick can build on its lot at the corner of Churton and Union. Much of the old house's outside dates from the move.
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The Martha Patterson House is built on McCauley Street
A two-story Triple-A house with a center front gable went up about 1903 at 223 McCauley Street. It takes its name from a former owner, Martha Patterson.
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William C. Coker begins turning a boggy pasture into the campus arboretum
UNC's first professor of botany began developing a five-acre boggy pasture on the campus into an outdoor classroom for the study of trees, shrubs and vines native to North Carolina. From the 1920s through the 1940s he added many East Asian trees and shrubs.
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William D. Moss becomes pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Chapel Hill
Coming from pastorates in Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia, William Dygnum Moss arrived in North Carolina in 1903 to lead the Presbyterian Church of Chapel Hill. Apart from six years in Washington, he served the congregation until his death in 1932.
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Hillsborough Methodist Church buys town lot 94 and its house for a new parsonage
The church bought lot 94, with a one-story five-room house, from James Webb, son of Dr. James Webb, and used it as the parsonage. The lot later held the 1958 parsonage.
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The university confers its first Doctor of Medicine degrees
On the evening of May 7, 1903, Dean Hubert A. Royster presented four graduates of the Medical Department, and the M.D. degree was conferred for the first time in the university's history.
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A survey enlarging the graveyard is laid before the Chapel Hill aldermen
After a 1902 trustee resolution to enlarge the crowded burying ground, a survey by James O. Webb presented to the town board on December 12, 1903 added two-thirds of an acre on the west and one and one-third acres on the east. No approval is recorded, but the east addition matches Section II, where regular burials began in the early 1900s.
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A Mr. Graham grains the doors and wainscot of the Faucette House
The six-panel doors and pine wainscot of the house were given their combed graining in 1904-05, work that survives.
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A Phi Beta Kappa chapter is established at the university
As dean of the faculty, Eben Alexander, himself a Phi Beta Kappa member from Yale, helped establish a chapter of the honor society at the University of North Carolina in 1904.
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Bingham School near Mebane reports its enrollment, courses and charges
The 1905 catalogue lists about ninety-six students from twenty-five counties for the session ending May 17, 1905, among them at least ten girls, four of whom finished courses that spring. Board, room and tuition came to four quarterly payments of $59, and a student could earn the school diploma in any of its three courses.
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Brockwell turns his building's ground floor into a skating rink
When Samuel Weldon Andrews was elected sheriff and closed his store, Brockwell remodeled the first floor of his building at Franklin and Columbia streets as a skating rink.
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Efland Baptist Church is organized
Baptists at Efland organized a church in 1904. It had 55 members in 1953.
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Elizabeth Cotten composes Freight Train
At about age eleven, growing up near the railroad tracks in the settlement that became Carrboro, Elizabeth Cotten wrote "Freight Train." She played a right-handed guitar upside down, and the song became a folk standard after Folkways released her recording in 1958.
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Eno Mill adds cloth weaving
New looms extended operations beyond spinning yarn.
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Eugene M. Armfield gives $5,000 for books in English philology
Eugene Morehead Armfield of the class of 1888 gave the university $5,000, with the interest to buy books for advanced study of English philology.
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Joseph Hyde Pratt teaches economic geology at UNC
Pratt was professor of economic geology at the University of North Carolina from 1904 to 1925, while also serving as state geologist.
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Kappa Alpha opens its chapter house near the campus
Chapters had begun leaving the dormitories in the 1890s, renting houses before they built them; Alpha Tau Omega had a chapter house by 1893. Kappa Alpha's house of 1904 began the row of fraternity houses near Franklin and Columbia streets that became Fraternity Row.
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Phillips Russell graduates from the university and helps found the Golden Fleece
Russell edited the student paper the Tar Heel and was one of the founders of the honorary society Golden Fleece before graduating in 1904.
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Shepperd Strudwick builds a Churton Street house designed by Ralph Adams Cram
Shepperd Strudwick built a Neoclassical Revival house on Churton Street to a design Ralph Adams Cram drew about 1904; Cram's wife Elizabeth was the sister of Strudwick's wife Susan. The site had been cleared in 1903 by moving the antebellum W. J. Bingham House down East Union Street, and the house was finished about 1908. It was later named Tamarind.
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The old Joseph Caldwell obelisk is taken down, later to stand for four college servants
In July 1904 the remains of President Joseph Caldwell and his wife were moved to the base of the 1858 marble monument, and the original sandstone obelisk was taken down, to be set up again in the Black section of the Old Chapel Hill Cemetery. It was later raised over Wilson Caldwell's grave, and a marble tablet placed in its base by the Class of 1891 names Wilson Swain Caldwell, November Caldwell, David Barham and Henry Smith, who served the university.
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The university opens a summer course in library work
By 1904 the university had begun a summer course of instruction in library work, meant to train librarians as workers with books rather than custodians. Louis Round Wilson taught library methods in the 1905 Summer School.
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The university organizes a Graduate Department with C. Alphonso Smith as dean
By the 1904 commencement the university had organized its Graduate Department, with Dr. C. Alphonso Smith as dean. An alumni committee on the university's condition praised the step.
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Orange County teachers are offered the university summer school and pay tied to exam scores
The board accepted Dr. Venable's offer to admit county teachers to the University Summer School and set pay by the July examination: $35 a month for an average of 95 and $40 for 98.
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The superior court orders the old Ruffin place sold to Nannie Russell Roulhac
Under a superior court judgment, Allen J. Ruffin was named commissioner to convey the ten-acre Ruffin place to Mrs. Nannie Russell Roulhac of Rockingham County for $100 in cash and a mortgage note of $1,455.
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Mebane School District becomes the first to tax itself for a longer school term
After a district election, the commissioners gave the sheriff a tax list for the Mebane district at 30 cents per $100 and 90 cents a poll. By 1910 special school taxes were collected in six districts.
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The Bank of Orange opens in Hillsborough
Started in May 1904 with $5,000 in capital, it was Hillsborough's first bank since the Civil War. Dr. J. S. Spurgeon was president and Paul C. Collins cashier for its whole life.
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The Rev. John C. Hocutt replaces Charles Maddry as county school superintendent
Maddry resigned in July 1904 to study at the Southern Baptist seminary, and the board chose his friend and former pastor John C. Hocutt to serve out the term. Hocutt stayed until 1908.
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P. C. Collins buys the southern part of the future Bellevue mill site from J. W. Hooker
Before the Bellevue company was incorporated, P. C. Collins bought the south half of the mill site near the West Hillsborough depot from J. W. Hooker; a later hand added that he acted as the mill's agent. Collins, a shareholder, passed the land to the company in 1905.
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Shepperd Strudwick heads the new Bellevue Manufacturing Company in west Hillsborough
The Bellevue Manufacturing Company, a cotton mill in west Hillsborough, was incorporated on October 13, 1904, with Shepperd Strudwick as its president and Norfleet Webb as secretary and treasurer. Strudwick remained president until he resigned in 1929. By 1912 the mill ran 5,000 spindles and 200 looms making dress ginghams.
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A West King Street house becomes the Cole Hotel
The house at 132 West King Street, a one-story residence on the 1905 Sanborn map, is labeled the Cole Hotel by 1911. It was raised to two full stories with a wraparound porch by 1924 and was a private house again before 1943.
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Andrew Carnegie offers the university $50,000 for a library
At the 1905 commencement President Venable told the alumni that Andrew Carnegie had offered $50,000 for a library building if an equal sum were raised for its upkeep. About $27,000 was in sight, and a faculty and alumni committee was named to raise the rest.
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Beta Theta Pi builds a house on the original Fraternity Row
The Eta chapter put up its first house at the edge of campus on Fraternity Row in 1905, which brought the chapter a run of growth until World War I.
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Charles H. Herty teaches chemistry at the university
Charles H. Herty, a Georgia chemist who had already devised a new way of gathering turpentine from pine trees, came to UNC in 1905 as Smith Professor of General and Industrial Chemistry. He stayed until 1916, serving as dean of the School of Applied Science from 1908 to 1911 and on the athletics committee.
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Chemist Charles H. Herty buys Charles Baskerville's new house
Charles Baskerville, who had built a house on the southwest corner of Boundary and Franklin streets in 1897, sold it in 1905 to the chemist Charles H. Herty, who joined the university faculty that year and was later known for a process that made newsprint from southern pine.
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Edward Kidder Graham organizes the Odd Number Club for student writers
Members met monthly to hear poems, sketches and prose by one another, kept ties with like clubs at Tennessee, Georgia, Virginia, Texas and Vanderbilt, and worked to build up campus journalism.
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George Howe buys an East Franklin Street lot from the university and builds a house
In 1905 the university sold George Howe the lot at 620 East Franklin Street, and the two-story hip-roofed house on it probably went up within a year or so.
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Isaac Hall Manning is dean of the UNC School of Medicine
As dean for 28 years, Manning improved the school's departments, faculty, facilities and entrance requirements.
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John O'Daniel builds a Queen Anne cottage on McCauley Street
John O'Daniel's Queen Anne cottage at 237 McCauley Street has a tall hip roof, a projecting wing with a bay, and a porch that wraps around to a gazebo at the corner.
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Martha Hall sells the Ellis house to Sheriff R. D. Baine
After Nelson Hall died, his widow Martha bought the house and farm from his estate and sold them two years later to Orange County sheriff R. D. Baine.
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Mathematician and historian Archibald Henderson builds his house on East Franklin Street
Archibald Henderson, who taught mathematics at UNC from 1898 to 1948 and later wrote a history of the campus buildings, built a large frame house at 721 East Franklin Street in 1905. It mixes Colonial Revival porch, entrance and widow's walk with leftover Queen Anne diamond-pane windows and bays.
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Merchant John Edward Clark builds a two-room schoolhouse on Old Oxford Road
Clark, a Chapel Hill storekeeper, replaced a one-room school he had also built on the site at 108 Old Oxford Road. In 1992 it was the only schoolhouse known in Chapel Hill from before school consolidation.
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Mill engineer Richard C. Biberstein lays out the machinery for the Bellevue mill
The new company hired Richard C. Biberstein, a Charlotte mill designer trained in Massachusetts, to plan the arrangement of its machinery; his drawings run from 1905 to 1907. Fifteen years later he designed the mill's weaving room.
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Patterson Mill miller George Brown buys a farm on Mount Moriah Road
In 1905 George Brown, the miller at Patterson Mill, acquired the 1885 farmstead; his children still owned it in 1992.
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Roy Thayer builds a Queen Anne house on McCauley Street for William H. Haward
Builder Roy Thayer put up the two-story Queen Anne house at 219 McCauley Street for William H. Haward in 1905. Haward rented it out, and it later passed to his granddaughter, Margaret Webb Callihan.
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Sam Nunn and neighbors raise the last recorded log house in the township
About 1905 Sam Nunn built a two-story log house for his family with help from Monroe Partin, Green Johnson and one more neighbor. His daughter Annabel Lloyd remembered the four builders, one at each corner, and the survey found no later log dwelling.
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Shepperd Strudwick buys Allen Ruffin's land north of the future Bellevue mill
Four years before the Bellevue mill was built, Strudwick acquired the tract north of the site from Ruffin, one of the Eno Cotton Mill's founders, probably to build company housing there.
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Swain 'Kern' Pendergraft opens a fruit store and newsstand
Pendergraft opened a fruit store and newsstand where Merritt Cheek's house had stood. By 1912 he also ran a jitney service in competition with J. T. Durham.
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T. Felix Hickerson returns to Chapel Hill as an instructor in mathematics
A year after taking his Ph.B. at the university, Thomas Felix Hickerson came back to Chapel Hill in 1905 for graduate work in mathematics and engineering and taught as an instructor in mathematics. He stayed on the faculty until 1952.
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The General Assembly votes $50,000 for a chemistry building
After Professor Charles Baskerville described the crowded chemistry laboratories, the legislature raised the university's yearly appropriation to $45,000 and gave $50,000 for a chemical laboratory. Venable called the building grant a new departure.
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The Peoples Bank is organized
The Peoples Bank was organized in Chapel Hill. By 1911 it was in a building just east of W. B. Sorrell's shop on East Franklin Street, which may or may not have been its first home.
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The old Belle Hutchins house becomes a restaurant
The former home of Miss Belle Hutchins, daughter of John R. Hutchins, was turned into a restaurant with living quarters.
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W. B. Sorrell keeps a jewelry and optometry shop on East Franklin Street
W. B. Sorrell sold jewelry and fitted eyeglasses from a building just west of Adam A. Kluttz's stores, likely the site of the earlier Pritchard and Lloyd store.
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William de Berniere MacNider organizes UNC's first Department of Pharmacology
MacNider, a Chapel Hill native and 1903 graduate of the medical school's first class, organized the university's first Department of Pharmacology and led it as professor.
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H. S. Bradshaw returns to the Hillsborough Presbyterian pulpit for a 33-year second pastorate
Bradshaw, pastor from 1894 to 1900, came back in 1905 and stayed until 1938, giving him thirty-nine years in all, the longest service in the church's history. He is buried in the churchyard.
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The Leonidas Polk Chapter of the UDC holds Confederate memorial exercises
On May 10, 1905, the Leonidas Polk Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy held memorial exercises in Gerrard Hall, reading the roll of students who had served in the Confederate army. Children and adults then carried flowers to decorate soldiers' graves in the village cemetery.
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Efland Methodist Church is organized
Methodists at Efland organized a church and built it the same year.
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Judge W. P. Bynum gives the university a gymnasium
Judge William Preston Bynum paid for a gymnasium on the campus in memory of his grandson and namesake, a student who died before graduating, and presented it to the trustees by letter in May 1905. Dr. Richard H. Lewis accepted it at commencement.
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Hillsboro grants John D. Morris a franchise to build a telephone exchange
The town commissioners gave John D. Morris of Roxboro the exclusive right for twenty years to build and run a telephone system and central office in Hillsboro, if he began work within six months of July 1, 1905. By late 1906 the Morris Telephone Exchange was advertising service in town.
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The county counts 17 rural school libraries for white children and one for Black children
The 1905 annual statistical report found 18 rural school libraries in the county, holding 1,581 volumes in white schools and 92 in the single Black school library.
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A Southern Railway freight train wrecks at the Eno railroad bridge in Hillsboro
Eastbound freight No. 72 left the track just west of the Eno bridge; one car went over the side into the river and eleven more piled up, twisting the bridge's iron supports. No one was hurt, and mail trains crossed again the next morning.
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Gains Chapel AME Church is organized at Efland
Robert Watson, Shurman Morrow and Brown Wright led the organization of Gains Chapel, an African Methodist Episcopal church at Efland, about 1906.
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Herbert and Alice Blackwood purchase and revitalize the farm
Herbert and Alice Blackwood purchased the farm and renewed its house and agricultural buildings.
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J. G. de Roulhac Hamilton joins the UNC history faculty
Hamilton, born in Hillsborough and trained at Columbia under William A. Dunning, was appointed associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina. He served the university until he retired in 1951.
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John Sprunt Hill endows the North Carolina Collection
John Sprunt Hill gave the university library money for collecting historical and literary material about North Carolina, the start of what became the North Carolina Collection.
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Mount Bright Baptist Church is rebuilt
Three years after the fire, Mount Bright's members raised a new church; the Rev. Alvis Whitted was then the pastor. The congregation's present church on West Union Street dates from 1979.
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The Efland family opens an excelsior plant at Efland
The Efland family founded one of North Carolina's first excelsior, or wood wool, plants at Efland in 1906, with Mack P. Efland as manager. By 1911 the Orange Manufacturing Company was listed as an excelsior maker at Efland.
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The Graham family gives up the Nash-Hooper House
The family of former governor William A. Graham, who bought the West Tryon Street house about 1870, owned it until 1906. After that it passed through a number of families.
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The new chemistry building is completed and Person Hall goes to medicine
The university spent $45,000 of the state grant on a chemistry building that held three times as many students as the old one. The rest refitted Person Hall, the old chemistry building, for the Medical Department and New East for biology.
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The school board helps Chestnut Ridge Institute after its dormitory burns
Taking account of the loss of its dormitory building by fire, the board paid Chestnut Ridge Institute the $15 balance owed for painting, patrons having raised $37.
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A storm damages the corner of Franklin and Columbia streets in Chapel Hill
A photograph in the book's plates shows storm damage at Franklin and Columbia streets on January 26, 1906.
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Charles E. Maddry marries Emma Parker at Hillsborough Baptist Church
The former pastor Charles E. Maddry married Emma Parker, daughter of church members T. B. and Penelope Parker, in the Hillsborough Baptist church. Hight C. Moore and the pastor A. C. Hamby performed the ceremony.
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Former senator Marion Butler addresses the literary societies' commencement banquet
Invited by the Dialectic and Philanthropic societies, Butler gave the evening address at their commencement banquet, reading from his own 1885 graduation oration and setting out the industrial growth of the South since then.
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The trustees agree to buy the old hotel near the campus
At their June 1906 meeting the trustees agreed to buy the old Eagle Hotel, later the Chapel Hill Hotel and then the University Inn, for $19,700 to use for dormitories. The two-acre lot had sold for $200 in 1792. W. W. Pickard kept the hotel until early 1908, when the University put Addison Lambeth in charge.
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The trustees' visiting committee backs new buildings and urges an infirmary
At the June 1906 trustees meeting the visiting committee of John W. Fries, Henry A. London and Bennehan Cameron backed President Venable's call for $2,000 more a year and his building plans, urged an infirmary worthy of the university, and found student conduct very good.
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A freshman shoots a sophomore during a hazing attack
Set upon by three sophomores as he crossed the campus, a freshman pulled a pistol and shot one of them, who was gravely wounded but survived. It was the most serious hazing case at the university before Isaac William Rand's death in 1912.
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The university reports the Carnegie library endowment raised and the gift paid
On University Day 1906 President Venable reported that the $50,000 endowment for the new library had been raised and Andrew Carnegie's $50,000 subscription paid. Construction began that month.
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A Colonial Revival house is built on West King Street for merchant B. B. Forrest
A large two-and-a-half-story Colonial Revival house was built around 1907 at 176 West King Street for B. B. Forrest, who ran a general store. It first appears on the 1911 Sanborn map.
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A new president's house is completed
The university finished a new residence for its president in 1907 at a cost of about $15,000, on high ground in Chapel Hill.
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Attorney Frank Nash inherits the old Strudwick office and makes it his office and home
Frank Nash inherited the former Strudwick medical and law office at 139 West King Street and used it as both his law office and his home. It has been a private house since 1924.
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Education professor M. C. S. Noble takes a Queen Anne house on West Cameron Avenue
The two-story frame Queen Anne house at 214 West Cameron Avenue, with a front gable and wraparound porch, is believed to have belonged about 1907 to Marcus Cicero Stephens Noble, later dean of the School of Education.
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Geologist Joseph Hyde Pratt builds a Colonial Revival house on East Franklin Street
Joseph Hyde Pratt, UNC professor of economic geology and later state geologist, builds a two-story Colonial Revival house set well back on a large lot on East Franklin Street. Pratt also built several other houses on that part of the street.
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James Finch Royster joins the university's English department
James Finch Royster came to the university's English department in the fall of 1907 and taught there for seven years.
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Maplewood Cemetery is started as a burial ground for Black Hillsborough
The cemetery on Corbin Street, west of the Town Cemetery, seems to have begun as a burial ground for Black residents about 1900 and may sit on an older Faucette family burying ground. The state cemetery census counts 207 graves, many marked only with fieldstones or not at all.
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N. W. Walker revives the UNC summer school
Walker, professor of secondary education since 1905, revived the university's summer school in 1907 and directed it for twenty-seven years. In 1921 he became acting dean of the School of Education.
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Occoneechee Lodge No. 299 of the Odd Fellows is chartered
The Independent Order of Odd Fellows chartered Occoneechee Lodge No. 299, which lasted until 1921.
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Sarah Kollock dies and the Nash law office stops serving as a music studio
The former Nash law office remained a music studio until the death of Sarah Kollock, the last of the teachers of the Nash and Kollock School.
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The Archer family builds a house on South Columbia Street that becomes a student boarding house
The Archer House went up on South Columbia Street in 1907, and Mrs. Joseph Archer ran it as a boarding house for University students. The University bought the house in the 1920s.
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The school board divides the Hillsboro district and orders a two-teacher school at West Hill
The board split the Hillsboro district and ordered a school with two teachers built at West Hill, the mill section west of town.
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The university football team's training table is set up at George Trice's restaurant
The athletic association's advisory committee decided to set up a training table for as many as eighteen football players at George Trice's restaurant, under Dr. R. B. Lawson. Each player paid eleven dollars a month, about what the players had been paying for board, and the team manager paid the other seven.
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The university infirmary opens
A new infirmary with room for about twenty patients and an operating room came into use in 1907. It cost about $20,000 to build and equip.
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Walter W. Pickard builds a new Pickard Hotel at Franklin and Pine streets
After the old hotel he had leased passed to the university, Pickard and his wife built a new seventy-five-room Pickard Hotel on the northwest corner of Franklin and Pine streets.
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S. T. Forrest buys out his partners in S. T. Forrest & Co. at Efland
The Efland firm of S. T. Forrest & Co. was dissolved by mutual consent. Partners C. C. Taylor and Charles L. Boggs sold and assigned their whole interest to Stephen T. Forrest.
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The University Dramatic Club stages a student show
On May 1, 1907, the University Dramatic Club acted a student-written show with a mock sermon and a burlesque faculty meeting. L. W. Parker was the club president.
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Frank Nash serves as mayor of Hillsborough
During Nash's four years as mayor the town laid its first concrete sidewalks, and plans for a public library began to take shape.
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Masons lay the cornerstone of the Carnegie library
On the Saturday of the 1907 commencement the Grand Lodge of Masons, led by Grand Master Francis D. Winston, laid the cornerstone of the new library built with Andrew Carnegie's gift. Construction had begun in October 1906.
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The campus YMCA building is dedicated
The new Young Men's Christian Association building was formally dedicated on the evening of June 2, 1907, after the YMCA sermon. Professor J. W. Gore presented it for the building committee and Dr. Richard H. Lewis accepted it for the trustees.
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Kemp P. Battle and Thomas Hume retire on Carnegie pensions
At the 1907 commencement President Venable announced the resignations of Kemp P. Battle, professor of history and former president, and Thomas Hume, professor of English, both placed on the Carnegie Foundation pension list.
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The Durham Recorder hails "Progressive Hillsboro" and the mill town at its depot
A Recorder article pointed to Hillsborough's new buildings, macadam roads and growing textile trade, and to a large mill that had raised a settlement around the depot called West Hillsboro. The authors think the mill meant was the Eno Cotton Mill, since Bellevue was not yet running.
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UNC's Carnegie Library opens
UNC's new library, built with a gift from Andrew Carnegie first offered in 1905 as $50,000 and later raised to $55,000, was finished in the summer of 1907 and opened to students that fall once its furniture arrived. It served as the main library until Wilson Library opened in 1929 and was renamed for John Sprunt Hill in 1931.
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The Oliver family takes over the Cedar Grove crossroads store
The Oliver family acquired the frame store the Allison family had built at the Cedar Grove crossroads in the 1880s. They kept it until C. H. Pender and his wife Irene Oliver took it over in the 1960s.
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A Queen Anne house is built on West King Street for Samuel Mallett Gattis
The two-story house at 158 West King Street was built for lawyer Samuel Mallett Gattis, former clerk of superior court and Speaker of the state House in 1903. The Gattis family also rebuilt the lot's old wellhouse that year.
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A house is built on Battle Lane for English professor Edward Kidder Graham and his wife Susan
English professor Edward Kidder Graham, later president of the university, and his wife Susan Williams Moses Graham build a shingled two-story house at 115 Battle Lane that mixes Colonial Revival and Craftsman details.
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Allen J. and Annie Gray Ruffin buy the James A. Cheek House
The Cheek family, owners since about 1875, sells the Italianate house at 219 North Churton Street to Allen J. and Annie Gray Ruffin in 1908. Annie Gray Ruffin, by then a widow, sold it to Houston J. Walker in 1919.
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Andrew Henry Patterson becomes the university's professor of physics
Andrew Henry Patterson, an 1891 graduate of the university, came from the University of Georgia in 1908 to be professor of physics and held the chair for the rest of his life.
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Botanist William C. Coker builds his house at The Rocks
At The Rocks, his estate north of the village (now 609 North Street), botanist William Coker built a stuccoed two-story house raised on a high stone base, with wide eaves and a fieldstone wainscot. Little finds it the nearest thing in Chapel Hill to Frank Lloyd Wright's Prairie houses; its architect is unknown.
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C. M. and W. H. Andrews take over the West End Drug Company in West Hillsboro
Two Chapel Hill natives, C. M. and W. H. Andrews, bought the West End Drug Company, a drug store with a soda fountain serving the mill families of West Hillsboro. C. M. Andrews ran it until he left town in 1926.
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E. M. Highsmith becomes the first superintendent of the Chapel Hill schools
The book's list of Chapel Hill school superintendents begins with E. M. Highsmith, 1908 to 1910. Chapel Hill ran its schools as a separate unit under a special legislative charter.
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Eno Methodist Church is founded in West Hillsborough
Eno Methodist Church began with services upstairs in the Eno Cotton Mill's company store; in 1908 Allen Ruffin gave land in West Hillsborough and the frame church went up. It had 147 members in 1953.
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Nannie Roulhac remodels the Ruffin house
Mrs. Nannie Russell Roulhac remodeled the house after buying it, though the main block kept its 1830 form.
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Nonfraternity juniors elect a fraternity man class president and hold an open junior prom
Frank Porter Graham helped rally the nonfraternity majority of his class to elect a fraternity member as president on merit, breaking a long custom, and the class held a junior promenade open to every man in it.
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Paul C. Collins serves on the vestry of St. Matthew's Episcopal Church
Paul C. Collins sat on the vestry of St. Matthew's Church in Hillsborough from 1908 and retired as senior warden in 1957, one of the small group of families from whom the vestry was long drawn.
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The Carrboro Public School is built on West Main Street
The one-story frame school at 114 West Main Street replaced the first school, held in a Center Street mill house, and taught seven grades under Mr. McDuffie, also the Baptist pastor. After the graded school opened late in 1921 it became the Methodist parsonage, serving until 1955.
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The Eno Methodist congregation builds its church on land given by Allen Ruffin
The congregation formed for Eno Cotton Mill workers first met in an upper room of a mill building. In 1908 it moved into a simple front-gabled frame church with pointed-arch windows and a small belfry, on land Ruffin donated facing the mill across the railroad tracks.
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The John Calvin McNair lectures on science and religion begin
The lecture fund left by John Calvin McNair of the class of 1849 became available in 1906 from the sale of his plantation, and the first McNair lectures were given in 1908 by Francis H. Smith of the University of Virginia.
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The county board builds the first room of Carr School for $300
Carr School in northwest Orange County, a gable-roofed weatherboarded schoolhouse, went up in 1908 with one room costing $300. The nomination names it among the few surviving frame schools the county built for Black children; it stands long vacant.
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The detached kitchen at the Nash-Hooper House is torn down
The nineteenth-century frame kitchen that had stood a few steps east of the Nash-Hooper House since 1819 was demolished.
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The university adds a new athletic field and tennis courts
By University Day 1908 the university had laid out a new athletic field for about $1,000 and built more tennis courts, and a new dissecting hall was in use.
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The university opens Davie Hall for botany and zoology
Ordered by the trustees in June 1907 and begun late that year, the university's new building for botany and zoology, named William R. Davie Hall, was finished for the fall 1908 session. It was renovated and expanded in 1967.
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Thomas A. Corbin reopens the old Occoneechee Hotel as the Corbinton Inn
After D. C. Parks sold the Occoneechee Hotel early in 1908, Thomas A. Corbin reopened it on West King Street as the Corbinton Inn. The inn kept that name until 1946, when it became the Colonial Inn.
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UNC sets up a separate botany department with Coker as its chair
By 1908 William C. Coker, who had come to the university as an associate professor in 1902, was a full professor and chair of the newly established Botany Department, housed in Davie Hall.
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UNC trustees approve the United Daughters of the Confederacy's request to build a Confederate monument on the campus
The board of trustees approved a request from the North Carolina Division of the UDC for a monument on the campus. President Francis P. Venable took part in the planning and fund-raising and later committed university money when UDC and alumni contributions fell short.
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William D. Hogan builds a frame I-house on Homestead Road
In 1908 a small two-story frame house was built for William D. Hogan near Calvander. It was still well kept in 1992, with two later outbuildings.
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Faculty members organize the Chapel Hill Country Club
About forty-five people, mostly university faculty, organized a country club and rented a house and several acres at the edge of Chapel Hill, laying out golf links and tennis courts. Joseph Hyde Pratt chaired its board of governors.
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D. C. Parks sells the Occoneechee Hotel and it closes
David C. Parks sold the Occoneechee Hotel in Hillsborough to Thomas A. Corbin of Winston-Salem, and the hotel was closed to the public while the new owner was ill.
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Joshua W. Gore, professor of physics and dean, dies
Joshua Walker Gore, professor of physics and dean of the university, died on April 9, 1908. A memorial service followed on May 10, and alumni later gave his portrait for the library.
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Chapel Hill holds a memorial service for Cornelia Phillips Spencer
Cornelia Phillips Spencer died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on March 11, 1908. On May 17 the university held a service in her memory in Gerrard Hall, opening with the hymn she wrote for the 1875 reopening.
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Thomas Wingate Andrews is elected superintendent of the Orange County schools
When Hocutt resigned to give full time to church work, the board on June 1, 1908 elected T. Wingate Andrews, a new UNC graduate and grandson of the Calvander schoolmaster Calvin Andrews, to fill the unexpired term; he took office that October. He served until 1911 and prepared the county's ten-year school report for 1900-1910.
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The university creates a School of Applied Science with Charles H. Herty as dean
At the 1908 commencement President Venable announced that the trustees had made Charles H. Herty dean of the School of Applied Science and James E. Latta professor of electrical engineering.
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Edward Kidder Graham marries Susan Williams Moses at the Chapel of the Cross
Moses, a daughter of school reformer Edward Pearson Moses, had studied at the university from 1898 to 1901 and headed Latin and Greek at Sweet Briar College; the reception was on the porch of Eben Alexander's house next door. The couple lived at Bulrushes, a shingled house at the east edge of the campus that Graham and Louis Graves had built on a lot they bought.
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Efland Presbyterian Church is organized
Presbyterians at Efland organized a church and built a 150-seat building in 1910.
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Eno Cotton Mill is enlarged and adds gingham
In 1909 the Hillsborough mill was expanded again and began weaving gingham alongside chambray and plaids. Some yarn was still sold unwoven until the First World War.
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Estelle Ray builds a two-story house on Oak Avenue and takes in boarders
The Ray-Upchurch House at 301 Oak Avenue went up in 1909, likely with help from Estelle Ray's carpenter son and other relatives who later worked on the Lloyd yarn mill. For almost fifty years Ray, and after her, her daughter Bedie Upchurch, let rooms there to boarders.
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Gerrard Hall is refitted and daily chapel resumes for every undergraduate
With money Venable got from the legislature, Gerrard Hall's interior was renovated so that all undergraduates fit, and Dean Graham set a half-hour program before noon with ministers, faculty, trustees and other guest speakers. Upperclassmen had been excused from chapel for want of seats.
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Hillsborough Township issues $40,000 in bonds for macadam roads
Under a 1901 state act, Hillsborough was the only Orange township to vote road bonds, floating $40,000 to build a few miles of macadam road. When the county sold its own road bonds in 1913, the township was repaid half.
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Nannie Roulhac dies and her son William Sterling Roulhac inherits the Ruffin house
At the death of Nannie Russell Roulhac the house and block passed to her son, William Sterling Roulhac.
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Shepperd Strudwick builds the Bellevue cotton mill on South Nash Street
The Bellevue Manufacturing Company's mill went up in 1909 west of South Nash Street, a short way beyond the town line of the day, backed by local investors and staffed by people leaving farm work. By 1912 it ran 5,000 spindles and 200 narrow looms.
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Students form the University Council to run the honor system
In 1909-10 the University Council, made up of class presidents and elected student members, was set up as the head of the honor system. It looked into cheating, drunkenness and gambling and asked guilty students to leave the university.
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Venable names Edward Kidder Graham dean of the College of Liberal Arts
At 32 the youngest of the senior faculty, Graham took over the English department and replaced Eben Alexander, who was given a year's leave, as dean, with first responsibility for student discipline.
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Woodrow Wilson speaks in Gerrard Hall on Robert E. Lee's centennial
On January 19, 1909, the university marked the hundredth birthday of Robert E. Lee in Gerrard Hall, with Princeton president Woodrow Wilson as the speaker.
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Students nominate Woodrow Wilson for president after his campus speech
Students impressed by Woodrow Wilson's speech on Robert E. Lee met in the YMCA building right afterward and nominated him for president of the United States. One of them, Frank Porter Graham, was in the floor demonstration when the Democrats nominated Wilson in 1912.
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The legislature creates the Chapel Hill Graded School District
An act ratified February 26, 1909 created the Chapel Hill Graded School District, with a special school tax and six trustees, among them Charles H. Herty and N. W. Walker, who ran its schools free of the Orange County board. Voters had to approve it in May; the city school system dates its founding to 1909.
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Julian Carr's Durham Hosiery Mills buys the Alberta Mill
In early February 1909 Julian S. Carr and his sons closed a deal for both the Alberta Cotton Mill that Thomas F. Lloyd had built at West End and the Blanche Hosiery Mill, to change hands on April 1 and run together as Durham Hosiery Mills' Mill No. 4. The deeds were recorded in March.
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Shepperd Strudwick is president of the Hillsboro Clay Manufacturing Company
Besides the Bellevue mill and the Bank of Orange, Shepperd Strudwick headed the Hillsboro Clay Manufacturing Company, according to the Orange County Observer.
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Alumni pledge forty-one endowed scholarships
At the 1909 alumni luncheon, classes and local alumni groups promised to endow forty-one scholarships of $1,000 each. Julian S. Carr gave five named for J. Johnston Pettigrew for sons of Confederate soldiers, and Edgar Love two named for Cornelia Phillips Spencer.
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The Pickwick, a moving-picture theatre, opens on Franklin Street next to Brockwell's building
The Pickwick, a theatre for moving pictures and musical acts, opened to the public in late November 1909 in a new building on Franklin Street, the first door east of Brockwell's building. Students filled it from the first week.
- 1910s
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A cluster of Craftsman bungalows goes up at Eno Crossroads
Several Craftsman bungalows with shed dormers and knee braces are built at Eno Crossroads on US 70 between the 1910s and the early 1920s, the survey's example of how fast the style took hold.
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About one in four Black farmers in Orange County own their land
State labor figures for 1910 counted 144 landowners among the county's 576 Black farmers. Most of the rest worked as laborers or sharecroppers.
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Adolph Vermont teaches French and German at the university Summer School
Vermont taught French and German at the UNC Summer School for Teachers in 1910 and 1911, and the 1912 faculty list names him instructor in the Romance languages.
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Banker Paul Collins builds a Queen Anne house on North Churton Street
Banker Paul Collins builds the house at 312 North Churton Street about 1910 as a family home and a summer residence for his aunt from Edenton. It was later the longtime home of Edwin Lynch, clerk of superior court.
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Black-owned town lots in Chapel Hill nearly double in ten years
The African American community's real estate grew from 98 lots in 1910 to 170 in 1920. The same passage names Black-owned barber, shoe repair, restaurant, grocery and pressing businesses of the late 1800s and early 1900s.
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Blacksmith Bennie Ray builds a two-story house on Weaver Street
With carpenter Thomas Clark, Ray built a cross-shaped two-story house at 301 Weaver Street, rare among Carrboro's early houses; his family still owned it in 1983. He ran a blacksmith shop on Lloyd Street with his brother Tom and son Atlas, who kept it going after Bennie died in 1933.
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Braxton Craig and partners build a small Queen Anne house on McCauley Street
Braxton Craig, W. L. Robertson and L. Lloyd are thought to have built the two-story Queen Anne house at 224 McCauley Street around 1910, apparently as a venture to sell.
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Brothers John and Page Couch add a frame front to a log house on Cornwallis Road
Around 1910 a small frame house was built onto the front of a one-room log house for the brothers John and Page Couch. A log barn and a log building that may have housed tenants stand behind.
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Carrboro Methodist Church is organized
Methodists in the mill village that became Carrboro organized a church in 1910 with W. A. Stanbury as first pastor.
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Carrboro businessman Miles Andrews builds a frame house on East Main Street
Miles Andrews, a Carrboro businessman and farmer, builds a one-story, hip-roofed frame house in the 100 block of East Main Street and lives there for many years. It was the only frame building on the block to survive the 1924 fire.
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Carrboro's business district shifts from Weaver Street to East Main Street
In the late 1910s the center of Carrboro's trade moved from the Weaver Street block by the Alberta mill to East Main Street. Some frame store buildings were hauled over from Weaver Street, and others were newly built on East Main.
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Charlie and Sophie Minor, Black farm owners, build a pyramidal cottage on NC 54
About 1910 Charlie and Sophie Minor had a hip-roofed frame cottage with tall inside chimneys built on their farm west of Carrboro. The report uses it to show the better-off farmhouse types that appear around that year; four frame outbuildings of different dates remain.
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Durham Hosiery Mills builds a two-story company house on New Hill for the Oakley family
The L-shaped house at 303 South Greensboro Street was one of three two-story houses for large families in the last group the mill built for Mill No. 7. The company recruited the experienced Oakleys from Burlington, whose men became superintendents and foremen, and Cora Oakley ran part of the house as a boardinghouse at 25 cents a room a week.
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Edward Arthur Brown opens a hardware and furniture store
E. A. Brown opened a large store just east of Sid L. Herndon's hardware store, selling hardware at first and soon furniture.
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Frank Nash serves as attorney for Orange County
Nash was the county attorney for four years, while also an elder of the Hillsborough Presbyterian Church and chairman of the county Democratic executive committee.
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Hillsboro Public Library is counted among North Carolina's early free public libraries
A 1954 history of North Carolina public libraries names the Hillsboro Public Library among the free public libraries established in North Carolina by 1910, fifteen in all. A later survey dates Hillsboro's library to 1910 in its list of the twenty-eight public, society and Y.M.C.A. libraries in the state's first library report.
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Compiled and maintained by the Friends of the Orange County Public Library from county records, the sources named on each card, and the index’s event pages. Last updated October 2, 2026.
