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Edmund Fanning

Edmund Fanning (1737 to 1818) was a Hillsborough town commissioner, Crown prosecutor, Orange County public register and militia colonel, and assemblyman for Orange and then Hillsborough. Regulators fired shots through his roof in 1768 and leveled his house in the September 1770 riot. He commanded the left wing of Tryon's front line at Alamance in 1771.

Source: NCpedia: Fanning, Edmund

1739–1818 as the Library of Congress records it · Library of Congress authority record ↗

20 indexed works are connected with this person. 1 held at OCPL →

Edmund Fanning
Edmund Fanning

Indexed works

Works in the index that concern this person directly, or were written by them. Each links to the institution that holds or provides it; background reading with wider context sits further down.

Life and Times of Edmund Fanning, 1739-1818

Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2011

Stewart E. Dunaway's life of Edmund Fanning (1739-1818), the colonial officeholder in Hillsborough whom the Regulators singled out and who left North Carolina as a loyalist, together with the Fanning family's genealogy. Self-published through Lulu in 2011, 223 pages with illustrations, facsimiles, genealogical tables and maps. Topics include American loyalists and Hillsborough and Orange County biography and genealogy.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the UNC record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

Account of mob violence witnessed in the courts of New Bern by Richard Henderson

1770

Richard Henderson's account of the mob violence he witnessed in court, written in 1770 and sent on to London. Edmund Fanning, James Hunter and Governor William Tryon all appear, and subjects include weaponry, rebellion, attack, property and civil disturbance. The violence occurred in Hillsborough, the Orange County town at the center of the Regulator quarrel. Reference CO 5/314.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the Duke record: Fanning, Edmund.

Advertisements, financial papers, and the insurgents address delivered to the council on the 20th June 1768

1766

Papers gathered around the Regulator troubles: printed advertisements, financial statements and the address the insurgents delivered to the governor's council on 20 June 1768. William Butler, James Hunter, Edmund Fanning and Isaac Edwards are among the men named, and the papers turn on taxes, grievances, oaths and petitions. Orange County was the center of the rising. Reference CO 5/312.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the NC State record: Fanning, Edmund.

Hillsborough Historical Society Journal: Vol.1, No.1, July 1998

Hillsborough Historical Society · 1998

First issue of the Hillsborough Historical Society Journal, July 1998, drawing on Mary Claire Engstrom's research on the town. Pieces cover William Churton, the surveyor who laid out Hillsborough; Edmund Fanning and the town in the Regulator troubles and the Revolution; the Third Provincial Congress, which met at Hillsborough in 1775; and figures and places of the old town: Mary Burke, known as Polly, the Presbyterian minister John Knox Witherspoon, Dr. Thomas Webb and Faddis Tavern.

Why this is here: Their name appears in the record.

Walter Alves papers, 1771-1858, Orange County, North Carolina : also Kentucky and Tennessee.

Alves, Walter, 1768-1819 · 1993 · University Publications of America

University Publications of America issued this two reel microfilm edition in 1993, reproducing the Walter Alves papers of 1771 to 1858 with a printed reel guide. Alves, 1768 to 1819, was an Orange County landowner, and the material runs to real estate investment in North Carolina and Tennessee, Scottish American families, and letters with Richard Bennehan, William Boylan and John Wickham.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the UNC record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

UNC

George Bancroft letters

Bancroft, George · 1845

Letters of the historian George Bancroft, 1845 to 1885, 22 items. Fifteen are transcripts of letters addressed to UNC president David L. Swain about the state's history: the Regulators, the Loyalists, the Mecklenburg Declaration, Tryon and Martin as governors, and Edmund Fanning and Hermon Husbands, both central to the Regulator troubles in Hillsborough.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the DPLA record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

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William Johnston Paper

Johnston, William · 1783

Letter of 2 December 1783 from William Johnston, Orange County legislator and agent for the loyalist Edmund Fanning, to Adlai Osborn of Rowan County, about selling Fanning's Rowan lands to satisfy a judgment. Johnston also remarks on the death of former governor Thomas Burke. A photocopy. State Archives of North Carolina, PC.644.

Why this is here: Their name appears in the record.

Joint Papers (April-May, 1780): Joint Select Committee Reports and Papers

North Carolina. General Assembly · 1780

Reports and papers of the joint select committees of the North Carolina General Assembly from its April to May 1780 session, in 223 images. Items include a Virginia governor's letter on naval officers and duties at the Ocracoke channel, committee appointments, and Henry Mounger's petition on where Montgomery County's public buildings should stand. Orange County is among the many counties touched.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the NC Digital Collections record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

October-November, 1779: Joint Select Committees (Chiefly appointments and referrals)

North Carolina. General Assembly · 1779

Messages, reports and referrals of the General Assembly's joint select committees from October and November 1779, 97 pages in all. Business ranges over public money and depreciation, army supply, militia, taxation, land titles and appointments, and names include Governor Richard Caswell, Abner Nash, Edmund Fanning and the printer James Davis. Orange County is among the counties touched.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the NC Digital Collections record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Senate Bills (October 26): Bill to vest the title of certain lands therein mentioned to Abner Nash

North Carolina. General Assembly · 1779

North Carolina Senate bill of 26 October 1779 to vest title to certain lands in Abner Nash, later governor. It touches confiscated property, surveys, wills and executors, with lands in Granville, Guilford, Randolph and Jones counties. Edmund Fanning, the Hillsborough loyalist, and Thomas Hart figure in it. Seven images.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the NC Digital Collections record: Fanning, Edmund, 1739-1818.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

British Records: Exchequer and Audit Department. Claims, American Loyalists, Series II (AO 13, selections) (State Archives series)

Great Britain. Audit Office · 1770

Thirteen Orange County items from the second series of American Loyalist claims to the British Audit Office (AO 13), dated 1770 to 1786. Memorials, certificates, letters and lists document property losses of merchants and attorneys, among them Edmund Fanning, the Hillsborough official targeted by the Regulators who later sided with the Crown.

Why this is here: Their name appears in the record.

Letter forwarded from Wills Hill to Governor Tryon regarding rebellious groups in Hillsborough

1770

Wills Hill, Earl of Hillsborough, forwarded this 1770 letter to Governor Tryon about rebellious groups in Hillsborough, the Orange County seat. Edmund Fanning, Francis Nash, William Johnston and James Monro are named, and the topics are intelligence, civil disturbance, destruction, crime and attack. From Colonial Office volume CO 5/314 part 1, North Carolina correspondence of the Secretary of State, September 1770 to August 1771.

Why this is here: Catalog heading in the Duke record: Fanning, Edmund.

Search all 20 indexed works →

Start at OCPL

Books in OCPL’s Rebecca B. Wall Local History Collection whose titles, catalog subjects, or descriptions match this person. The Friends’ recommended starting points are labelled.

  • Rebecca Wall Collection · NC BIO FANNING DUN Life and Times of Edmund Fanning (1739-1818), Hillsborough, N.C Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2013

    Stewart E. Dunaway's life of Edmund Fanning (1739-1818), the colonial officeholder in Hillsborough whom the Regulators singled out and who left North Carolina as a loyalist, together with the Fanning family's genealogy. Self-published through Lulu in 2011, 223 pages with illustrations, facsimiles, genealogical tables and maps. Topics include American loyalists and Hillsborough and Orange County biography and genealogy.

Life and Orange County connections

Dated events connected with this person: sixteen of 32, the highlights and a sample of the rest spread across the years, in date order. See all 32 dated events in the chronology →

Earliest first. Scroll sideways, or use the arrows.

16 dated events
  1. Edmund Fanning settles in Hillsborough

    Migration or settlement · Hillsborough

    Fanning, a New York-born Yale graduate, came to Hillsborough and soon became register of deeds for Orange County, the office whose fees made him the Regulators' chief target.

    People: Edmund Fanning

  2. The Regulator movement organizes in Orange County

    Protest or organizing · Countywide

    Orange County farmers first organized in 1766 to question county officers about taxes and fees, a Sandy Creek effort that Herman Husband led and that lapsed in 1767. In early 1768 a new association, soon called the Regulation, pledged to pay no taxes or fees beyond what the law allowed.

    People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning · William Tryon

  3. Edmund Fanning tells the November court he has answered the farmers' complaints

    Law, policy or court · Hillsborough

    Speaking for the county officers, Fanning rejected the protest and reported that he had written its organizers a reply he expected to end the matter.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: Edmund Fanning

  4. Regulators rescue a seized horse at Hillsborough

    Violence or armed conflict · Hillsborough

    After the sheriff seized a Regulator's horse for an unpaid levy, about 100 Regulators rode into Hillsborough, took the horse back and fired shots into the roof of Edmund Fanning's house. Officials sought the arrest of William Butler, Peter Craven and Ninian Bell Hamilton as ringleaders.

    People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning · Peter Craven

  5. Edmund Fanning writes Governor Tryon that Orange is in revolt

    Publication, speech or performance · Hillsborough

    Two weeks after Regulators rescued a seized horse at Hillsborough, Fanning reported people across the county binding themselves by oath to refuse taxes, and said he and other officers expected an attack.

    People: Edmund Fanning · William Tryon · Thomas Lloyd (died 1792) · Thomas Hart · Francis Nash · James Thackston · John Gray

  6. The governor's secretary posts Tryon's proclamation at Hillsborough

    Law, policy or court · Hillsborough

    On the day the Regulators met to choose their delegates, Governor Tryon's secretary Edwards reached Hillsborough and put up the governor's proclamation against the disturbances. Fanning set out for Sandy Creek with an armed party the next day.

    People: Edmund Fanning · Isaac Edwards

  7. Regulators confront officials at Hillsborough

    Protest or organizing · Hillsborough

    Edmund Fanning and 27 armed men arrested Herman Husband and William Butler at Sandy Creek on May 2, 1768. The next day hundreds of Regulators and neighbors marched on Hillsborough; officials released the prisoners, and the governor's secretary read a proclamation promising to hear their grievances, after which the crowd dispersed.

    People: Herman Husband · William Butler (Regulator) · Edmund Fanning

  8. Tryon's army gathers at Hillsborough to guard the superior court

    Violence or armed conflict · Hillsborough

    Tryon reached Hillsborough on September 19 with 195 Rowan and 310 Mecklenburg volunteers, and two days later 699 Orange and 120 Granville militia joined them. With gentlemen volunteers, artillery and officers the force came to 1,461 men, a quarter of the Assembly among its officers.

    People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning · Thomas Lloyd (died 1792) · Thomas Hart

  9. A Hillsborough jury finds Edmund Fanning guilty on an indictment

    Law, policy or court · Hillsborough

    In the same superior court term that tried the Regulator leaders, the King's indictment against Edmund Fanning went to a jury on September 27, which found him guilty. The day before, Herman Husband had surrendered William Butler to the court, and both men entered 500 pound bonds to abide its sentence.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: Edmund Fanning · Herman Husband · William Butler (Regulator) · Richard Henderson · Maurice Moore · Martin Howard

  10. The Assembly lets reform bills sought from Orange die

    Law, policy or court · New Bern (Assembly)

    A bill for trying debts under 5 pounds before one justice, asked for in an Orange petition and brought in by Fanning, failed when the two houses split over a rider on riot trials. Bills to form new counties out of Orange and Johnston and out of Orange and Rowan were also rejected, though many people had to travel as far as 60 miles to court.

    People: Edmund Fanning

  11. Orange voters elect Regulators Herman Husband and John Pryor to the Assembly

    Appointment, election or service · Orange County

    In the elections set for July 18, 1769, Orange returned the Regulators Herman Husband and John Pryor to the Assembly over Edmund Fanning.

    People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning · John Pryor

  12. Orange County reelects Herman Husband and John Pryor to the Assembly

    Appointment, election or service · Orange County

    In the new election called after Tryon dissolved the Assembly in November 1769, Orange again returned the Regulator candidates Husband and Pryor. Fanning, who had lost, came back through the new borough of Hillsborough.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: Edmund Fanning · John Pryor

  13. Regulators disrupt the Hillsborough Superior Court

    Protest or organizing · Hillsborough

    About 150 Regulators crowded the Hillsborough Superior Court, beat the lawyer John Williams, Edmund Fanning and others, and forced Judge Richard Henderson to adjourn; he fled that night. The next day the crowd tore down Fanning's house and wrote mocking judgments on the court docket.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning · Richard Henderson · Alexander Martin · Thomas Hart · John Williams

  14. Regulators stone Johnston and Thackston's store, where Edmund Fanning took refuge

    Hillsborough

    During the riot at the Hillsborough superior court, Edmund Fanning broke loose from the crowd dragging him from the courtroom and fled into the store of William Johnston and James Thackston. The Regulators attacked the building with stones and brickbats and broke everything they could reach.

    Part of Hillsborough court riot, September 1770

    People: William Johnston · Edmund Fanning

  15. Tryon's Council orders a proclamation against the Hillsborough rioters and defers the Assembly

    Law, policy or court · New Bern (Council Chamber)

    Meeting at New Bern on the Hillsborough dispatches, the Council heard the Attorney General's opinion that pulling down Fanning's house and the assaults amounted to a riot, and ordered a proclamation requiring every justice of the peace to pursue the persons who assembled at Hillsborough on September 24 and 25. It advised putting off the Assembly to November 30.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning

  16. At Governor Martin's urging, Edmund Fanning drops his riot damage suits

    Law, policy or court · Hillsborough

    After the matter was raised with Governor Martin in March 1772, he urged Fanning, by then surveyor general of New York, to drop his suits over the destruction of his Hillsborough property, and Fanning had them discontinued, leaving his 1,500 pound claim to the Assembly. The House refused to pay it in March 1773.

    Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 116 events

    People: Edmund Fanning · Josiah Martin

Named with them in the chronology

People named in the same dated entries as Edmund Fanning, those sharing the most entries first. Each line links one of the shared entries in the chronology, where its source is cited. A shared entry shows these people in the same event, not how well they knew each other.

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Research sources

Resources picked for this person, each with a note on what it holds. For ready-made searches of other catalogs, see Search further.

Background

  • NCpedia: Edmund Fanning Dictionary of North Carolina Biography entry
  • Historical marker G-19: Edmund FanningNC Highway Historical Marker Judge and local official. Target of Regulators who ransacked and destroyed his nearby home, 1770. The state’s marker page heads this essay “1776-1847”, which are not Fanning’s dates: its own text has him born in 1737 and dying in London in 1818.
  • NCpedia: Edmund Fanning (public-domain image) Edmund Fanning, a colonial official in Hillsborough the 1760s and 1770s, was a target of the Regulators, who charged him with abusing his power. This engraving was made in the nineteenth century.

Records of the time 5

Collections and databases

  • NC LIVE: prepared search for Edmund Fanning Library card An advanced search of the state’s shared databases already scoped to Orange County’s places and this subject; edit it freely, and sign in through your North Carolina library to read
  • Ancestry Library Edition In the libraryOrange County Public Library Census, birth, death and marriage records, and more, free on the public computers at OCPL libraries

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Books about Edmund Fanning

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Historical records and collections

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Picture: Edmund Fanning. Public domain. Lossing, Benson. Pictorial Fieldbook of the Revolution. 1852. New York: Harper & Brothers, Publishers. Volume II.

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