Chronology

Edmund Fanning qualifies as register of Orange County

Fanning, a lawyer who came to the county town in 1762, qualified as register in March 1763. He went on to buy several town lots and build a large house on the later site of the Masonic Lodge.

People: Edmund Fanning

A Deep River meeting drafts Regulator Advertisement Number Two

Meeting in Herman Husband's neighborhood, settlers wrote a second paper and chose William Cox and William Masset to attend the Maddock's Mill meeting on October 10. It asked the county's assemblymen, vestrymen and officers to come and answer their questions.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband

Orange County's first Regulator paper invokes the Stamp Act resistance

An Orange County notice of August 1766, later called Regulators' Advertisement No. 1, praised the Sons of Liberty for resisting the Stamp Act and asked each neighborhood to send men to a meeting at Maddock's Mill to question local officers.

Part of Maddock’s Mill organizing, 1766–1768

Edmund Fanning tells the November court he has answered the farmers' complaints

Speaking for the county officers, Fanning rejected the protest and reported that he had written its organizers a reply he expected to end the matter.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Edmund Fanning

Sandy Creek men challenge the register's deed fees in the Orange County court

Using a copy of the province's revised laws bought jointly by two men, one of them a county justice, two Sandy Creek men copied the lawful fees for registering deeds and objected in court to what they were charged. Threatened with arrest for contempt, they gave up, and the justice who half owned the book was soon put out of his commission.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Clerk Francis Nash is cleared of charging illegal fees

In the first Regulator complaints against Orange County officials in 1768, the clerk Francis Nash was accused of taking illegal fees. He was exonerated.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Orange farmers swear scores of depositions against county officers

They accused Sheriff William Nunn and his deputies of seizing deer skins, livestock, a gun and cloth, and one man swore he had paid clerk Francis Nash for letters of administration he never received.

People: Francis Nash

Regulator William Butler serves as an Orange County tax collector and deputy sheriff

William Butler, a farmer living near Sandy Creek, was appointed a county tax collector in Orange County in 1768 and a deputy sheriff in 1770, in the same years he emerged as a principal leader of the Regulators.

The governor's Council thanks Edmund Fanning and his men for their conduct against the Regulators

After Tryon read the Council his cold reply to the Regulators' petition, which forbade further meetings and told them to let the taxes be collected, Fanning was called into the room and formally thanked with his men for their behavior in the recent troubles.

People: Edmund Fanning · William Tryon

Orange farmers draw up Regulator Advertisement Number Four

The paper set out the members' pledges on taxes and officers' fees, attendance at meetings, shared costs and majority rule.

Settlers west of the Haw River call Orange County's representatives and vestry to a settlement at the courthouse

Inhabitants on the west side of the Haw River addressed Orange County's Assembly men and vestrymen, asking them to fix a day before the next court to meet at the courthouse and settle accounts of taxes and officers' fees, and declaring they would pay no more taxes until they had a full settlement.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Subject: Orange County Courthouse, Hillsborough

Regulators ask Orange County's late sheriff and a vestryman to bring the tax accounts

Meeting again, the Regulators asked the former sheriff and a vestryman to meet their committee with lists of taxables, insolvents and public spending, and asked the county's assemblymen to come and show the law for the fees charged on deeds. Two men were chosen to carry the request, but the seizure of a Regulator's mare days later overtook it.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Tenants on Samuel Strudwick's Haw Fields land meet to keep possession by force

Francis Nash reported to Edmund Fanning that Strudwick's tenants had formed an association to hold his lands against him and had met in the Haw Fields the day before he wrote.

People: Francis Nash · Edmund Fanning

Edmund Fanning writes Governor Tryon that Orange is in revolt

Two weeks after Regulators rescued a seized horse at Hillsborough, Fanning reported people across the county binding themselves by oath to refuse taxes, and said he and other officers expected an attack.

People: Edmund Fanning · William Tryon · Thomas Lloyd (died 1792) · Thomas Hart · Francis Nash

Tryon orders the Regulators home and puts seven counties' militia on alert

Answering Fanning, the governor issued one proclamation to the people and another to militia officers in Bute, Halifax, Granville, Rowan, Mecklenburg, Cumberland and Johnston counties to stand ready to march to his aid.

People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning

A general Regulator meeting agrees to send twelve men to meet county officials at Thomas Lindley's

The meeting agreed to send twelve men and then named thirteen, among them Herman Husband, James Hunter and Rednap Howell, to gather at Lindley's on May 11 in hope of meeting representatives of the officers. The arrests of Husband and William Butler broke up the plan.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband · William Butler (Regulator)

More than 400 Orange County inhabitants sign a petition to the governor and council

At the April 30 meeting the Regulators drew up a petition to the governor and council in the name of the inhabitants of Orange County, to be held back unless the officers failed to settle. Herman Husband, not yet a Regulator, was among more than 400 signers.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband

The governor's secretary posts Tryon's proclamation at Hillsborough

On the day the Regulators met to choose their delegates, Governor Tryon's secretary Edwards reached Hillsborough and put up the governor's proclamation against the disturbances. Fanning set out for Sandy Creek with an armed party the next day.

People: Edmund Fanning

Orange militia is called out against the Regulators, and only 120 armed men appear

With Edmund Fanning away at the Halifax court, Lieutenant Colonel Gray reported the Hillsborough horse rescue and was ordered to raise seven militia companies. Only 120 men came with arms, and the officers judged that no more than 150 men in the county could be relied on, so they agreed to a truce and named three men to meet the Regulator leaders on April 20.

People: Edmund Fanning

Regulators meeting at George Sally's appoint a committee of eight to petition Governor Tryon

Having agreed after the May confrontation to submit their case to the governor, the Regulators met at George Sally's in Orange County, declared their loyalty to King George and named William Moffitt, William Cox, Harmon Cox, John Low, John Marshall, James Hunter, Rednap Howell and George Hendry to gather the complaints into a petition and to implore the governor's pardon in the most submissive manner.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: James Hunter

Orange Regulators send their papers to the Regulators of Anson County

Asked by the Anson County Regulators how to organize, the Orange Regulators sent them a copy of their May 21 proceedings, to keep them from running into errors, and promised more papers. Bassett thinks this advice helped turn the Anson movement toward petitioning that August.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Ralph McNair presses Herman Husband to adopt a petition written by the officers

After the May confrontation at Hillsborough, the county officers sent Husband, through Ralph McNair, a petition of their own drafting in which the Regulators would call their conduct illegal and withdraw their charges. McNair warned that Fanning would report the case to Tryon as treason if it was refused, and the Regulators instead named their own committee to lay their papers before the governor.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning · Ralph McNair

James Hunter and Rednap Howell present the Regulators' petition to Tryon at Brunswick

The petition, Advertisement Number Nine, carried 474 names, 31 of them written in German. Tryon told the Regulators to give up their name and pay their taxes, but he also warned officers against excess fees and had the lawful fees published.

People: James Hunter · William Tryon

Governor Tryon arrives at Hillsborough and stays into August

Tryon came to Hillsborough in early July 1768 and stayed until mid-August, hoping the county would submit, while the Regulators went on refusing their taxes. He left for Salisbury on August 17.

People: William Tryon

Regulators hear the governor's letter from the sheriff and resolve to petition the Assembly

At a Regulator meeting called to answer Tryon's reply, the Orange sheriff read a letter and proclamation telling them to submit to tax collection. The sheriff and his deputy swore the crowd refused and threatened them; Husband said the people only told the sheriff they would take the matter to the Assembly, and the meeting sent Tryon an answer saying so.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband

Justice James Thackston reports William Butler vowing not to pay the palace tax

Thackston told former sheriff Tyree Harris that Butler said the Regulators would pay nothing toward the governor's house at New Bern for three years, and that some two hundred Regulators had threatened anyone who seized their goods.

People: William Butler (Regulator)

James Hunter and John Low deliver a Regulator letter to Governor Tryon at Hillsborough

Hunter and John Low waited on Governor Tryon at Hillsborough with a letter from the Regulators. Tryon told them he would answer it on August 17, after consulting his Council.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

Eight Regulator leaders meet Governor Tryon at Hillsborough and are refused a committee to examine the county's taxes

A week after their letter was delivered, eight principal Regulators met Tryon in Hillsborough and asked that their grievances be settled by a committee reviewing the county's tax accounts. Tryon refused, telling them the law was the only channel for redress, and the next day sent a letter to the inhabitants south of the Haw.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

Sheriff John Lea brings the Regulators Tryon's demand for a 1,000 pound bond

On the day set for settling accounts, the former sheriff stayed away and the new sheriff, John Lea, brought a severe letter from Tryon, endorsed by three councillors at Hillsborough. It demanded that twelve leading Regulators meet him at Salisbury by August 25 and give a 1,000 pound bond that no one would try to rescue Butler and Husband at the September court; Tryon left for Salisbury the same day.

People: William Tryon · William Butler (Regulator) · Herman Husband

Regulators refuse to give Tryon the bond he demanded

Two days after Lea delivered the demand, the Regulators answered that their peaceable leaders could restrain the rest only if they stayed free of such a bond, and that they had never meant to rescue the prisoners, only to ask the governor to dissolve the Assembly.

Presbyterian ministers, among them Henry Pattillo of Orange, write against the Regulation

While Tryon toured Rowan and Mecklenburg to raise troops, Presbyterian ministers Hugh McAden, James Creswell, Henry Pattillo and David Caldwell sent him a letter of loyalty condemning the Regulators, and the pastors also wrote to the colony's Presbyterians telling them to keep out of the movement. The letter was read to the Rowan militia and helped raise volunteers for the march on Hillsborough.

People: Henry Pattillo · David Caldwell · William Tryon

Tryon musters about 400 militia at Hillsborough and swears them to allegiance

When the town was thought to be in danger, Tryon called out the militia but could gather only about 400 men, to whom he gave an oath of allegiance to the King and the provincial government before sending them home.

People: William Tryon

Tryon's army gathers at Hillsborough to guard the superior court

Tryon reached Hillsborough on September 19 with 195 Rowan and 310 Mecklenburg volunteers, and two days later 699 Orange and 120 Granville militia joined them. With gentlemen volunteers, artillery and officers the force came to 1,461 men, a quarter of the Assembly among its officers.

People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning · Thomas Lloyd (died 1792) · Thomas Hart

Eight hundred Regulators gather within a mile of Hillsborough, face Tryon's militia and disperse

With the superior court sitting under guard of more than a thousand militia, upwards of eight hundred Regulators appeared within a mile of Hillsborough on September 22. A council of war set terms: surrender nine leaders, lay down arms and promise to pay taxes. The Regulators asked for the night to answer and by the next morning had dispersed, about thirty coming in to give up their arms.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · Griffith Rutherford

Tryon sends troops out to arrest the Regulator leaders

The day after the Regulators dispersed, Tryon sent a body of troops to seize the men he most wanted. Some gave themselves up and others resisted, but all who were taken were soon let go because no true bill could be found against them.

People: William Tryon

A Hillsborough jury finds Edmund Fanning guilty on an indictment

In the same superior court term that tried the Regulator leaders, the King's indictment against Edmund Fanning went to a jury on September 27, which found him guilty. The day before, Herman Husband had surrendered William Butler to the court, and both men entered 500 pound bonds to abide its sentence.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Edmund Fanning · Herman Husband · William Butler (Regulator) · Richard Henderson · Maurice Moore · Martin Howard

The last of Tryon's militia leave Hillsborough

The troops stayed in town through the court term, began to be discharged on September 28, and the last detachment marched away on October 2. The expedition cost the province 4,844 pounds.

People: William Tryon

Grand jury indictments for rout against James Hunter are quashed at the Hillsborough superior court

The grand jury returned three indictments for rout naming James Hunter with William Butler, Ninian Hamilton and other Regulators. The court quashed all three for an irregular return and ordered the attorney general to prepare new bills.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Butler (Regulator) · Richard Henderson · Peter Craven · Maurice Moore · Martin Howard

Edmund Fanning resigns as register of Orange County after his conviction

Found guilty at the September court on five counts of taking excess fees for registering deeds, and fined a penny on each, Fanning at once gave up the office of register.

People: Edmund Fanning

Samuel Devinney and John Philip Hartzo are convicted over the horse rescue

Each was fined 25 pounds and given three months in jail, but Tryon soon freed the prisoners and put off collecting their fines for three months.

People: William Tryon

Subject: Orange County jail, Hillsborough

William Butler is convicted of riot at the Hillsborough superior court

With Governor Tryon's militia in Hillsborough for the September 1768 term, the superior court tried the Regulator cases. Herman Husband was acquitted; William Butler was found guilty on two counts and sentenced to a fine of 50 pounds and six months in prison, but Tryon released him and suspended the fines.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband · William Tryon

Tryon pardons the 1768 protesters except thirteen named leaders

His proclamation left out men including James Hunter, Herman Husband, Ninian Bell Hamilton and William Payne.

People: James Hunter · Peter Craven · Herman Husband

Tyree Harris reports the Regulators ready to pay their taxes

Writing to Tryon, Tyree Harris said that on recent visits to the Regulators in their homes he had found them willing to pay their taxes.

People: William Tryon

The Assembly issues 20,000 pounds in paper money to pay the troops raised at Hillsborough

The Assembly that met in November 1768 first proposed 30,000 pounds in paper to pay the militia gathered at Hillsborough and other debts; after the governor and upper house objected it passed a 20,000 pound issue that was not legal tender. Tryon said he signed it because the militia would not turn out again unpaid.

People: William Tryon

The Assembly pays for printing Micklejohn's sermon to the troops

The Assembly voted to repay the Orange parish minister George Micklejohn for printing the sermon he had preached to the troops at Hillsborough. Bassett, citing Foote's Sketches, reports that the sermon said at least twenty Regulators ought to have been hanged.

People: George Micklejohn

Orange and Rowan Regulators petition the Assembly for reforms

Regulators of Orange and Rowan joined in a petition asking that lawyers and court clerks be barred from the Assembly, that officers be paid salaries, that taxes rest on property, that small debts be tried before one magistrate and a jury of six, and that the county be divided. It also asked that ministers of every denomination be allowed to marry couples and that Assembly votes be recorded.

Regulators whip Orange County sheriff John Lea

The one serious disturbance Nash records in the county between October 1768 and the 1770 riot was the whipping of Sheriff John Lea in 1769.

The March 1769 superior court at Hillsborough hears the Regulators' cases against the officers

With no troops in town, many Regulators came to the March 1769 court to prosecute the officers, with little success. Herman Husband was tried and acquitted, James Hunter's case was continued, and Fanning was tried again on the old fee charge and formally convicted.

People: Herman Husband · James Hunter · Edmund Fanning

Orange voters elect Regulators Herman Husband and John Pryor to the Assembly

In the elections set for July 18, 1769, Orange returned the Regulators Herman Husband and John Pryor to the Assembly over Edmund Fanning. Granville, Anson and Halifax also sent Regulator delegations that year.

People: Herman Husband · Edmund Fanning

Tryon issues a general pardon for the 1768 disturbances

The proclamation extended to fines and forfeitures for everyone involved in the Orange County troubles of the year before.

People: William Tryon

Herman Husband publishes An Impartial Relation

His account of the Regulation traced the first disturbances to Orange County while granting that Granville and Halifax had been in the same dispute years earlier.

People: Herman Husband

Hillsborough officials and merchants pledge to defend one another after the riot

Just after the September 1770 riot, Francis Nash, Edmund Fanning, Alexander Martin, Thomas Henderson, Jesse Benton, William Johnston, Adlai Osborne and others formed an association for mutual aid and protection. Many members lived too far apart to help one another in a sudden emergency.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Francis Nash · Edmund Fanning · Alexander Martin · Jesse Benton · William Johnston · Adlai Osborne

James Hunter presents a Regulator petition to Judge Henderson on the first day of the Hillsborough court

On Saturday, the first day of the September 1770 Hillsborough superior court, James Hunter presented Judge Richard Henderson with a petition signed by many Regulators. Henderson put off his answer until Monday, the day the Regulators crowded the courtroom and broke up the court.

Part of Hillsborough court riot, September 1770

People: Richard Henderson

Regulators pull down and plunder Edmund Fanning's house in Hillsborough

The morning after the court broke up and Judge Henderson slipped out of town, the Regulators went to Fanning's house, smashed the furniture, emptied the cellar, carried his papers into the street and left the house almost demolished. Witnesses also heard them drink damnation to King George and success to the Pretender.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Edmund Fanning · Richard Henderson · Ralph McNair

Hillsborough's leading men write to Governor Tryon for protection after the riot

James Watson, Francis Nash, Thomas Hart, Robert Lytle, William Johnston, James Thackston and James Monro wrote from Hillsborough describing the Regulators' insolence at the superior court, said they stood hourly in danger of their lives and estates, and asked Tryon to adopt whatever measures he judged proper.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Francis Nash · Thomas Hart · William Johnston

Tryon's Council orders a proclamation against the Hillsborough rioters and defers the Assembly

Meeting at New Bern on the Hillsborough dispatches, the Council heard the Attorney General's opinion that pulling down Fanning's house and the assaults amounted to a riot, and ordered a proclamation requiring every justice of the peace to pursue the persons who assembled at Hillsborough on September 24 and 25. It advised putting off the Assembly to November 30.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning

Regulators name the Orange County sheriff one of two officials charging fair fees

John Butler of the Hawfields was sheriff of Orange County in 1770, at the height of the Regulator crisis, and testified to the General Assembly that the Regulators had obstructed him in carrying out his duties. A Regulator petition of October 1770 nonetheless named him as one of only two public officials charging fair fees for their services.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

The Assembly expels Orange County's member Herman Husband and the Council orders his arrest

The House of Assembly resolved that Husband, a principal promoter of the late riots in Orange County and publisher of a seditious letter printed over James Hunter's name, be expelled. The same day the Council unanimously advised his arrest and the Chief Justice issued a warrant; he lay in the New Bern jail until a grand jury found no bill on February 8, 1771.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband · James Hunter · William Tryon · Martin Howard

Barnaby Cabe hauls supplies and prisoners for Governor Tryon's army

An expense account shows Cabe served as a wagoner for Tryon's militia in 1771, carrying supplies, hauling prisoners to New Bern and appearing as a witness against the Regulators after Alamance.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

Orange County elects Francis Nash to a seat left by Herman Husband's expulsion

With John Pryor dead and Herman Husband expelled from the Assembly, Orange County filled the two vacant seats in 1771 with Ralph McNair and Francis Nash, both strong opponents of the Regulators. Nash had fought against the Regulators at Alamance that year as a militia captain.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Herman Husband · Ralph McNair

Outlawed Regulator leaders petition Governor Martin for pardon

From hiding, some in South Carolina, Jeremiah Field, Ninian Bell Hamilton, Matthew Hamilton, James Hunter, Thomas Welborn, William Butler and John Fruit asked the new governor, Josiah Martin, for pardon. The Assembly asked mercy for all but Husband, Butler and Howell, but Martin waited because Tryon had left the matter to the Crown.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Josiah Martin · James Hunter · William Butler (Regulator)

The Assembly passes the Johnston Riot Act against the Regulators

Named for its author Samuel Johnston, the law let riot cases be tried in any county, outlawed anyone who resisted or evaded arrest, and allowed the governor to use troops against the Regulators. The Crown later condemned parts of it.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Samuel Johnston

A mounted troop of Regulators rides through Hillsborough firing pistols

A troop of mounted Regulators, turned back from its march on New Bern, came down on Hillsborough, drove residents indoors, took liquor at the tavern and galloped through the streets firing pistols before riding off. Nash says they did no great damage.

Regulators marching on New Bern turn back at Haw River

Regulators from Rowan, Orange and Granville gathered under James Hunter to march on New Bern, where Herman Husband was jailed. They broke up at Haw River on hearing that a grand jury had declined to indict him and he had been released on February 8.

People: James Hunter · Herman Husband

A special court at New Bern presents and indicts Husband, Hunter, Butler and Howell for the Hillsborough riot

Sitting under Chief Justice Martin Howard with Maurice Moore and Richard Henderson, the special court of oyer and terminer at New Bern received a grand jury presentment against the Regulators who in September last 'broke up that Court' at Hillsborough, and returned indictments for riot against Herman Husband, James Hunter, William Butler and Rednap Howell among others.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Richard Henderson · Herman Husband · James Hunter · William Butler (Regulator) · Maurice Moore · Martin Howard

Regulator threats keep the Hillsborough superior court from sitting

At the March 1771 term the Hillsborough District superior court recorded that the Regulators led by Herman Husband, James Hunter, Rednap Howell, William Butler and Samuel Devinney, who had broken up the September court, were still threatening judges, lawyers and officers, so none attended. The court was continued to September 1771.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: James Hunter · Herman Husband

Four Orange County militia companies march with Tryon against the Regulators

When Tryon's eastern column gathered on the march from New Bern, Orange and Dobbs each supplied four companies, the largest contingents in a force of 917 rank and file and 151 officers. Two Orange companies were later left to guard Hillsborough when the army moved on to Alamance.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

Thomas Hart contracts to supply provisions for Tryon's campaign against the Regulators

Hart accepted Governor Tryon's offer to victual the militia raised to suppress the Regulators, on the terms on which he had supplied the troops at Hillsborough in 1768. His department covered nearly a thousand men from eleven counties including Orange.

People: William Tryon

Tryon's army camps on the south bank of the Eno opposite Hillsborough

Marching west from New Bern, Tryon's army entered Orange by an old road past Patterson's and camped across the Eno from the town on May 9. A hospital and a supply depot were set up at Hillsborough, and on May 11 the army marched through town and west along the later Graham road.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · Edmund Fanning · John Ashe

Tryon's army halts at Colonel Mebane's for Sunday worship on the march to Alamance

Leaving Hillsborough on May 11, Tryon stopped on Sunday at Colonel Mebane's for divine service, then marched to the Haw River, where 23 mounted men under Captain Bullock joined as his only cavalry. He ordered his troops not to take property and reached Alamance Creek on May 14.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

Regulators seize Colonel John Ashe and Captain Walker and whip them

On the morning before the battle, some of the Regulators caught Colonel John Ashe and Captain Walker while they were out scouting, whipped them severely and held them prisoner. Many Regulators condemned the act, and some threatened to leave the cause if it happened again.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: John Ashe

Willie Jones is made Tryon's aide-de-camp on the march into Orange County

Jones marched into Orange County with Governor William Tryon's colonial militia and was appointed Tryon's aide-de-camp on May 15, 1771, the day before Tryon defeated the Regulators at Alamance. Several days later he was sent to raid the plantation of the Regulator leader Herman Husband.

People: Herman Husband · William Tryon

Tryon proclaims a pardon for Regulators who come into camp, lay down their arms and take the oath

From the camp Tryon offered the King's free pardon for all treasons and rebellions to anyone who came in by May 21, surrendered his arms, swore allegiance, promised to pay his taxes and submitted to the law, excepting the outlawed leaders and the prisoners already in camp. Further proclamations on May 21, 24 and 31 and June 11 extended the terms.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · John Rutherford

Tryon's army camps a week at Sandy Creek after Alamance

Five days after the battle the army marched to Sandy Creek, the home district of Husband and many Regulators, and stayed a week, taking supplies from the people and giving them the oath of allegiance. It moved west on May 29.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

Tryon offers 100 pounds and a thousand acres for Husband, Hunter, Howell and Butler, dead or alive

Marching back toward Hillsborough, Tryon proclaimed from Bethabara that Herman Husband, James Hunter, Rednap Howell and William Butler stood outlawed and liable to be shot by anyone, and offered one hundred pounds and one thousand acres of land to whoever brought any of them into his or General Waddell's camp.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · Herman Husband · James Hunter · William Butler (Regulator)

Tryon's army returns to Hillsborough with its Regulator prisoners

The army came back on June 14 and the next day marched through town with drums beating and oak sprigs in their hats before camping a mile east. The special court of oyer and terminer, opened May 30 and adjourned to await the prisoners, then resumed and tried fourteen men for treason.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · Martin Howard · Richard Henderson · Maurice Moore

Tryon takes leave of his army at Hillsborough and hands the command to Colonel Ashe

Having received at Hillsborough camp the King's command to go at once to govern New York, Tryon thanked the officers and men for their conduct through the campaign, gave the army to Colonel John Ashe to march to Colonel Bryan's and disband by counties, and ordered the artillery escorted to New Bern and the horses taken in battle sold for the public. He reached New Bern on June 24 and sailed on the 30th.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon · John Ashe

The Hillsborough superior court holds its first term since the 1770 riot

For the first time in a year and a half the district court sat at Hillsborough, with Judges Maurice Moore and Richard Henderson presiding and about 300 cases on its dockets. Thomas Clark qualified as clerk, and a suit by James Few against Francis Nash was entered as abated by the plaintiff's hanging.

People: Maurice Moore · Richard Henderson · Francis Nash

Tryon, now governor of New York, asks the King's free pardon for the six reprieved Regulators

Writing from Fort George in New York, Tryon named the six men convicted of high treason at the Hillsborough court in June whose executions he had suspended at the army officers' request, James Stewart, James Emmerson, William Brown, Forester Mercer, James Copeland and Harmon Cox, and repeated his request that the King grant them a free pardon.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: William Tryon

At Governor Martin's urging, Edmund Fanning drops his riot damage suits

After the matter was raised with Governor Martin in March 1772, he urged Fanning, by then surveyor general of New York, to drop his suits over the destruction of his Hillsborough property, and Fanning had them discontinued, leaving his 1,500 pound claim to the Assembly. The House refused to pay it in March 1773.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events

People: Edmund Fanning · Josiah Martin

Morgan Edwards reports 1,500 families have left since Alamance

The Baptist preacher and traveler wrote that many more were waiting to sell their farms and follow. The book says many former Regulators went to the Tennessee country.

The upper house rejects a general amnesty for the Regulators

Although the British government advised a general amnesty act to close the Regulator prosecutions, the provincial upper house turned the bill down in 1773 because it did not except enough people.

The Colonial Dames erect a marble monument to the hanged Regulators beside the Hughes Academy schoolhouse

In 1963 the North Carolina Society of the Colonial Dames of America erected a marble slab monument to the six Regulators hanged at Hillsborough in June 1771, placing it next to the historic Hughes Academy schoolhouse in Hillsborough. The men's grave, thought to lie near the Eno, has never been found.

Part of The Regulator crisis, 1766–1771 · 90 events