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Orange County Indexed

Chronology

Key events from Orange County history: 100 highlights to start, then the full chronology of 6,171 dated events and 63 storylines, each connected to the index. A storyline gathers many dated events into one history, such as the Regulator crisis.

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96 dated events
1858Antebellum and Civil War
  1. Antebellum and Civil War · 1800–1865
  2. Charles Tew chooses a site west of Hillsborough for a military academy

    Founding or opening · Hillsborough

    In late July 1858 Charles C. Tew, with Moses A. Curtis and A. S. Galliard, searched Hillsborough for a school site and settled on a 40-acre tract about a mile and a half west of town near the new North Carolina Railroad. They engaged the Columbia architect John A. Kay, and local builders John Berry and Henry Richards built the barracks and commandant's house.

    Part of Orange County’s nineteenth-century academies · 102 events

    People: John Berry · Moses Ashley Curtis

    Subject: North Carolina Railroad · Hillsborough Military Academy

  3. Masons lay a cornerstone at the Hillsborough Military Academy

    Construction or physical change · Hillsborough Military Academy

    A delegation from Eagle Lodge took part in a Masonic cornerstone ceremony at the Hillsborough Military Academy in 1859.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy · Eagle Lodge

  4. Hillsborough Military Academy opens

    Founding or opening · Hillsborough

    Charles C. Tew, then superintendent of the South Carolina military academy at Columbia, opened the Hillsborough Military Academy on January 12, 1859, holding its first classes in the Hillsborough Academy building. Its neo-Gothic barracks west of town, built to house 125 cadets, was finished in September 1860.

    Part of Orange County’s nineteenth-century academies · 102 events

    People: Charles Courtenay Tew

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy · Hillsborough Academy

  5. The Hillsborough Military Academy commandant's house is ready to live in

    Construction or physical change · Hillsborough

    The academy's neo-Gothic commandant's house, with turrets and crenellations along the roofline, was far enough along to be occupied by March 1859, though interior work may have continued for years.

    People: John Berry

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  6. George Attmore Sparrow is a cadet at the Hillsborough Military Academy

    Life event · Hillsborough

    Sparrow, the teenage son of the Washington lawyer Thomas Sparrow, was enrolled as a cadet at the Hillsborough Military Academy in 1861 and 1862. He wrote home to his father from the academy through that period.

    People: Thomas Sparrow

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  7. William H. S. Burgwyn enrolls as a cadet at the Hillsborough Military Academy

    Life event · Hillsborough

    Later in 1861 Burgwyn entered the Hillsborough Military Academy as a cadet. By the autumn he had been appointed drill master of the camp of instruction near Raleigh, and he was then elected a lieutenant in the Thirty-fifth North Carolina Regiment.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  8. George Attmore Sparrow leaves the Hillsborough academy to join the Confederate army

    Appointment, election or service · Hillsborough

    Writing from the academy on 21 July 1862, Sparrow told his father he had approval for his discharge and would leave with other cadets when the session ended on 31 July. He was in camp with the Army of the Pamlico by 1863.

    Part of Orange County during the Civil War, 1861–1865 · 42 events

    People: Thomas Sparrow

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  9. Hillsborough meeting resolves to erect a monument to Col. Charles C. Tew

    Naming or commemoration · Hillsborough Military Academy, Hillsborough

    A Hillsborough meeting chaired by M. E. Manly resolved to raise a monument to Col. Tew, killed at Sharpsburg, at or near the front of his Military Academy, and named Dr. Edmund Strudwick, Dr. Pride Jones and Thomas Webb to collect funds and build it.

    People: Charles Courtenay Tew · Edmund Strudwick · Pride Jones

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  10. Hillsborough Military Academy sends its cadets home at the end of the Civil War

    Closing or ending · Hillsborough

    The academy, reopened in 1862 under Maj. William Gordon after Tew left for the war, dismissed its students in May 1865 after the surrender at Bennett Place. Raleigh Edward Colston reopened the campus in 1866 as the North Carolina Polytechnic and Military Institute.

    Part of Orange County during the Civil War, 1861–1865 · 42 events

    People: Charles Courtenay Tew

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  11. Reconstruction and the New South · 1866–1899
  12. General Colston takes charge of the reopened Hillsborough Military Academy

    Founding or opening · Hillsborough Military Academy, Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    After closing at the end of the war, the academy reopened with General R. C. Colston as superintendent. In 1868 he signed a lease with Col. Tew's widow to live in the superintendent's house, but his family later moved to Wilmington.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  13. Paul C. Cameron buys the Hillsborough Military Academy at public sale

    Property or economic transaction · Hillsborough Military Academy, Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    Two years after Elizabeth Tew's death in 1870, the academy property was sold at public auction to Paul C. Cameron. His heirs sold it to the Farmers' State Alliance in 1891.

    People: Paul C. Cameron

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  14. The Farmers' State Alliance buys the old Hillsborough Military Academy grounds

    Property or economic transaction · Hillsborough Military Academy site, Barracks Street, West Hillsborough

    The former academy property west of Hillsborough passed in 1891 to the Farmers' State Alliance, the statewide farmers' organization, which bought the land. A 1913 plat of the neighborhood labels the old barracks as the Farm Life School building.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  15. Eno Cotton Mill begins production

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    Yarn production started late in the year.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  16. Early twentieth century · 1900–1944
  17. A Pilgrim Holiness congregation is organized in West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    A Holiness congregation, later the Pilgrim Holiness Church of West Hillsborough, was organized in 1902. It had a 250-seat building and 27 members in 1953.

  18. Eno Mill adds cloth weaving

    Construction or physical change · West Hillsborough

    New looms extended operations beyond spinning yarn.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  19. Shepperd Strudwick heads the new Bellevue Manufacturing Company in west Hillsborough

    Appointment, election or service · Hillsborough

    The Bellevue Manufacturing Company, Hillsborough's cotton mill in the west of the town, was incorporated in 1904 with Shepperd Strudwick as its first president, and he remained president until 1929. By 1911 the mill ran 5,000 spindles and 200 looms making ginghams.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  20. P. C. Collins buys the southern part of the future Bellevue mill site from J. W. Hooker

    Property or economic transaction · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    Before the Bellevue company was incorporated, P. C. Collins bought the south half of the mill site near the West Hillsborough depot from J. W. Hooker; a later hand added that he acted as the mill's agent. Collins, a shareholder, passed the land to the company in 1905.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  21. Mill engineer Richard C. Biberstein lays out the machinery for the Bellevue mill

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    The new company hired Richard C. Biberstein, a Charlotte mill designer trained in Massachusetts, to plan the arrangement of its machinery; his drawings run from 1905 to 1907. Fifteen years later he designed the mill's weaving room.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  22. Shepperd Strudwick buys Allen Ruffin's land north of the future Bellevue mill

    Property or economic transaction · West Hillsborough

    Four years before the Bellevue mill was built, Strudwick acquired the tract north of the site from Ruffin, one of the Eno Cotton Mill's founders, probably to build company housing there.

    People: Allen Jones Ruffin

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  23. The school board divides the Hillsboro district and orders a two-teacher school at West Hill

    Founding or opening · Hillsborough

    The board split the Hillsboro district and ordered a school with two teachers built at West Hill, the mill section west of town.

  24. The Durham Recorder hails "Progressive Hillsboro" and the mill town at its depot

    Publication, speech or performance · West Hillsborough

    A Recorder article pointed to Hillsborough's new buildings, macadam roads and growing textile trade, and to a large mill that had raised a settlement around the depot called West Hillsboro. The authors think the mill meant was the Eno Cotton Mill, since Bellevue was not yet running.

  25. C. M. and W. H. Andrews take over the West End Drug Company in West Hillsboro

    Property or economic transaction · West End Drug Company, Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Two Chapel Hill natives, C. M. and W. H. Andrews, bought the West End Drug Company, a drug store with a soda fountain serving the mill families of West Hillsboro. C. M. Andrews ran it until he left town in 1926.

  26. Eno Methodist Church is founded in West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    Eno Methodist Church began with services upstairs in the Eno Cotton Mill's company store; in 1908 Allen Ruffin gave land in West Hillsborough and the frame church went up. It had 147 members in 1953.

    People: Allen Jones Ruffin

    Subject: Eno Mill · Eno Methodist Church

  27. The Eno Methodist congregation builds its church on land given by Allen Ruffin

    Construction or physical change · Eno United Methodist Church, 903 Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    The congregation formed for Eno Cotton Mill workers first met in an upper room of a mill building. In 1908 it moved into a simple front-gabled frame church with pointed-arch windows and a small belfry, on land Ruffin donated facing the mill across the railroad tracks.

    People: Allen Jones Ruffin

    Subject: Eno Mill · Eno Methodist Church

  28. Eno Cotton Mill is enlarged and adds gingham

    Construction or physical change · Eno Cotton Mill, Hillsborough

    In 1909 the Hillsborough mill was expanded again and began weaving gingham alongside chambray and plaids. Some yarn was still sold unwoven until the First World War.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  29. Shepperd Strudwick builds the Bellevue cotton mill on South Nash Street

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    The Bellevue Manufacturing Company's mill went up in 1909 west of South Nash Street, a short way beyond the town line of the day, backed by local investors and staffed by people leaving farm work. By 1912 it ran 5,000 spindles and 200 narrow looms.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  30. The Bellevue Commercial Block is built as West Hillsborough's shopping street

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Commercial Block, 230-250 South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Five one-story brick buildings with seven storefronts on South Nash Street near the old depot became the West End business district for the mill village and West Hillsborough. Over the years they held a drug store, the Cates brothers' general store with a branch post office, a barber, a dry cleaner, a cafe and a movie theater.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  31. The Bellevue mill superintendent's house is built on South Nash Street

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Cotton Mill Superintendent's House, 200 South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    The two-story house built for the mill superintendent, with corbelled brick chimneys, a canted bay and a wraparound porch, is the most decorative early house in the surveyed area and stands out beside the plain mill houses next to it.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  32. The First Pentecostal Holiness Church of West Hillsborough is organized

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    A. G. Cannady, Charles Martin, R. S. Andrews and others organized a Pentecostal Holiness church in West Hillsborough, with Cannady as first pastor. Its 1953 building dated from 1948.

  33. The Bellevue mill runs 5,000 spindles and 200 looms making dress ginghams

    Statistic or record · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    Three years after it opened, the Bellevue mill had 5,000 spindles and 200 narrow looms weaving dress ginghams 27 and 32 inches wide, sold through agents in New York and New Jersey.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  34. Abe and Annie B. Mebane sell a lot in west Hillsborough to the trustees of Mebane Chapel

    Property or economic transaction · Mebane Chapel, Union Street, Hillsborough

    For $25 the Mebanes sold a 30-by-40-foot lot at the corner of Union Street, opposite the later Central High School, to trustees Elisha Williams and Arthur Hood. The chapel was named in their memory.

  35. R. B. Mason's land west of the Bellevue mill is platted as the West Hill Property

    Construction or physical change · West Hillsborough

    To meet the need for workers' housing near the two mills, Mason's holdings were laid out in 1913 as a grid of roughly equal lots, bounded by the Bellevue mill village, Eno Street and the railroad, West Hill Street, and Mount Willing Road (later King Street). Most houses there went up from the 1920s to the 1940s, and the section beyond West Hill Avenue was platted in the 1930s.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  36. The Hillsboro Building and Loan Association is organized in the back of the West End Drug Store

    Founding or opening · West End Drug Store, Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Six incorporators put up $5,500 to start the Hillsboro Building and Loan Association, with Charles H. Robertson as president and druggist C. M. Andrews as secretary-treasurer. Andrews took members' payments at his drug counter until 1926.

    Subject: Hillsboro Building and Loan (Savings and Loan)

  37. Eno Cotton Mill rents its village houses to workers for 25 cents a week

    Property or economic transaction · Eno Cotton Mill village, West Hillsborough

    The Eno Cotton Mill, founded in 1896 by Allen J. Ruffin and James H. Webb Jr., built a company village for its fast-growing workforce, and by 1915 the company was renting the houses to employees for a quarter a week. The 1924 Sanborn map shows about 100 mill houses west and south of the mill.

    People: Allen Jones Ruffin

    Subject: Eno Mill

  38. Eno Cotton Mill reports 150 women among its 500 workers

    Statistic or record · Hillsborough

    Reports from the years before the wartime changes count about 500 workers at Hillsborough's Eno Cotton Mill, 150 of them women and 50 children under 16, on a 60-hour week. The top average daily wage for women was $1.75 against $4.00 for men; at the smaller Bellevue mill nearby women's top average was $2.50.

    Subject: Eno Mill · Bellevue Mill

  39. The Bellevue mill is also turning out cheviot cloth

    Statistic or record · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    By 1916 the Bellevue mill was weaving cheviot, a rough-finished cloth, alongside its ginghams.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  40. West Hill Baptist Church is organized in West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    J. F. McDuffie and S. W. Oldham led the organization of West Hill Baptist Church, and Oldham became its first pastor. The book dates its building to May 1, 1920.

  41. The Ernest P. Cox House is built on Bellevue Street

    Construction or physical change · Ernest P. Cox House, 112 Bellevue Street, West Hillsborough

    The one-story hip-roofed house with projecting gabled wings and a wraparound porch at 112 Bellevue Street is the best preserved of West Hillsborough's one-story houses of the period.

  42. Eno Mill opens an influenza diet kitchen at West Hill school

    Health or relief action · Hillsborough

    When influenza reached the Eno Mill district, the mill opened and paid for a diet kitchen at the West Hill school for about seven weeks, run by home demonstration agent Elizabeth Cornelius. It fed as many as 150 people a day, and the mill hired nurses for the sick.

    Subject: Eno Mill · Home demonstration clubs

  43. The Bellevue mill changes over from steam to electric power

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    The mill was built to run belt-driven machinery from a steam engine. By 1919 it ran partly on electricity, and by the mid-1920s it had changed over completely, with individual motors on the machines and the belt-way removed.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  44. Eno Methodist Church adds rear classrooms used for West Hillsborough school classes

    Construction or physical change · Eno United Methodist Church, 903 Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    A side-gabled addition built about 1920 gave the church its T plan and held classrooms where early West Hillsborough school classes met, before the West End School was built on Bellevue Avenue.

    Subject: Eno Methodist Church

  45. The Bellevue company builds its mill village north of the mill

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Mill Village, West Hillsborough

    In the early 1920s, as it doubled the mill, the company set closely spaced houses along a narrow loop road reached from West King and South Nash streets, in three plain types; the one-and-a-half-story houses had two front doors so workers on different shifts could come and go separately. All the houses appear on the 1924 Sanborn map.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  46. The Bellevue mill is enlarged in 1920 and again in

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Expansions in 1920 and 1923 were part of a decade of growth in which the mill more than doubled its spindles and looms, and they coincided with the building of much of its company housing.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  47. The Farmers' State Alliance auctions off its old academy headquarters

    Property or economic transaction · Hillsborough Military Academy site, Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    The Farmers' State Alliance had found the old Barracks property a burden since about 1901. On June 21, 1920 it was cut into lots and sold at auction, and John W. Hill got the parcel with the commandant's house.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  48. The Paul Riley House is built on Riley Avenue in West Hillsborough

    Construction or physical change · Paul Riley House, 240 Riley Avenue, West Hillsborough

    The Paul Riley House, a one-story frame bungalow with a shed dormer and tapered porch posts, was built at Riley Avenue and Eno Street. The Rileys were among the leading West Hillsborough families, and the Paul Riley Store went up nearby on Eno Street about 1942.

  49. Parts of the old academy land are subdivided as Oak Ridge and the Murray property

    Construction or physical change · West Hillsborough (west end, near Barracks Street)

    Portions of the Alliance tract were laid out as the Oak Ridge Development in 1923 and as the Murray property in 1924. Together they make up the west end of West Hillsborough.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  50. After its 1920s additions the Bellevue mill runs 10,740 spindles and 592 looms

    Statistic or record · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    The additions of the early 1920s more than doubled the mill's spindles and looms, and by 1926 the company's capital stock stood at $500,000. In 1919 it had still declared only its original $125,000.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  51. Eno Cotton Mill installs new machinery and switches to combed yarn

    Construction or physical change · Eno Cotton Mill, Hillsborough

    New machinery went in at the Eno mill in 1929, and combed yarn replaced coarse carded yarn. Broadcloth shirting and corduroy became its main products.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  52. Shepperd Strudwick resigns as president of Bellevue, and L. E. Beard takes over

    Appointment, election or service · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    After twenty-five years as president, Shepperd Strudwick stepped down in 1929, the year its stock value fell from $500,000 to $419,600. L. E. Beard succeeded him and his partner Norfleet Webb as president and treasurer.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  53. C. B. and Myrtle Ray Stanley's house is built on Allen Ruffin Avenue in West Hillsborough

    Construction or physical change · 406 Allen Ruffin Avenue, West Hillsborough

    The house at 406 Allen Ruffin Avenue was built for Charles B. and Myrtle Ray Stanley in the Eno mill neighborhood of West Hillsborough. Charles Stanley died at home there in 1958, and his funeral was held at the nearby Eno Methodist Church.

  54. The Weldon Riley House is built on Eno Street

    Construction or physical change · Weldon Riley House, 811 Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    The one-and-a-half-story bungalow at 811 Eno Street, with a gabled dormer, knee brackets and a wide engaged porch, is judged the best Craftsman house in West Hillsborough.

  55. A Church of God congregation is organized in West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    Garland Crabtree and T. E. Boman organized the Church of God of West Hillsborough, with Edd Mize as first pastor. It built a 250-seat church in 1945.

  56. West End Graded School is built on the old Cadwallader Jones homesite

    Founding or opening · West End Graded School, 111 Jones Street, West Hillsborough

    A larger one-story brick Colonial Revival school for grades one through six, six classrooms and an auditorium, was built in 1936 to replace the two-story frame West End School on Bellevue Avenue, which became a community club building. It stood on the highest ground in West Hillsborough, inside a low stone wall, where the Cadwallader Jones house had stood.

    Subject: West End Graded School (West Hillsborough School)

  57. The Historic American Buildings Survey records the academy barracks

    Naming or commemoration · Hillsborough Military Academy site, Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    By the Depression the empty Barracks of the old military academy sheltered homeless families. In 1937 the Historic American Buildings Survey measured and photographed it, a year before it was torn down.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  58. Eno Methodist Church is moved back from the road and remodeled

    Construction or physical change · Eno United Methodist Church, 903 Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    In 1938 the congregation shifted its frame church back from Eno Street and remodeled it.

    Subject: Eno Methodist Church

  59. The Hillsborough Military Academy's brick barracks are torn down

    Construction or physical change · Hillsborough Military Academy site, Barracks Street, West Hillsborough

    The academy's three-story brick barracks, later used by the Farm Life School, were dismantled in 1938. Only the Commandant's House and a frame dining hall survive, with parts of the barracks foundation in the woods south of the hall.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  60. Wartime orders push the Eno Cotton Mill to about 600 workers

    Statistic or record · Eno Cotton Mill, West Hillsborough

    Military demand for cloth during World War II enlarged the Eno Cotton Mill, which by the 1940s employed as many as 600 workers on three shifts.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  61. The Paul Riley Store is built on Eno Street

    Construction or physical change · Paul Riley Store, 907 Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    A one-story brick store with a stepped parapet and inset entrance went up at 907 Eno Street, carrying the West End commercial style farther west. A longtime resident recalled it, with the nearby Methodist church, as a center of childhood life in West Hillsborough.

  62. Civil rights era · 1945–1975
  63. Hesslein and Company buys the Belle-Vue mill, ending local ownership

    Property or economic transaction · Hillsborough

    Belle-Vue Manufacturing Company had been run from Hillsborough since 1904, lately under L. E. Beard. In 1945 Hesslein and Company bought it and spent over half a million dollars on new machinery and on baths for the mill village houses.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  64. Town electricity and water are extended to West Hillsborough

    Construction or physical change · West Hillsborough

    Before the town took over in the late 1940s, the mills supplied power and water to their workers, cutting electricity to the houses during the day so the machinery could run, which left families without refrigeration.

  65. C. S. Cates opens a new movie theater in the old Hollywood Theatre building in West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · Hollywood Theatre building, South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Cates, a World War II veteran, remodeled the building the Hollywood Theatre had used, with new sound and projection equipment and seats, and advertised the opening for Wednesday, May 1, with a contest to name the house.

  66. The William Edward McPherson House is built on Nash Street in West Hillsborough

    Construction or physical change · 303 Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    The 2017 Hillsborough architectural survey records the William Edward McPherson House at 303 Nash Street and dates it to 1947. The McPherson family, whose Edward (Pete) McPherson managed Hillsboro's Black All-Stars baseball team in these years, owned several lots along the west side of Nash Street.

  67. Hillsboro's Black baseball team opens its season at McPherson's Baseball Park before a record crowd

    Competition or sporting achievement · McPherson's Ball Park, Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    The News of Orange County's column for the Black community reported that the baseball season opened at McPherson's Baseball Park on Sunday, April 6, before a record crowd; the home team lost to the Roxboro Stars and on Easter Monday to the Graham Stars.

  68. A bus route begins running through West Hillsborough

    Founding or opening · West Hillsborough

    Until 1948, when a bus line started running through its streets, mill families without cars had no easy way to reach downtown Hillsborough, nearly a mile away, or the rest of the county.

  69. Fire guts Pete McPherson's cafe and pool hall in West Hillsborough

    Disaster or outbreak · Near the Black school (Central High School), West Hillsborough

    A fire that started in a defective flue gutted the frame and brick building near the Black school in West Hillsboro where Pete McPherson ran a cafe with a pool and beer hall. Most of the stock was saved, but all the pool tables were lost.

  70. Hillsboro's Black All-Stars beat the town's white All-Stars at McPherson's Park

    Competition or sporting achievement · McPherson's Ball Park, Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    In a Sunday game at McPherson's Park billed as the Stars against the Stars, Hillsboro's Black All-Stars defeated the town's white All-Stars 13 to 10.

  71. The Pilgrim Holiness Church in West Hillsborough holds its first service in a new building

    Construction or physical change · Collins Avenue, West Hillsborough

    The Pilgrim Holiness congregation met for the first time in its new church, under construction since August 1948 near the site of its old building. District superintendent William S. Deal preached, and the Rev. J. F. Kernodle was pastor.

  72. The Payne rental houses are built on South Nash Street

    Construction or physical change · Payne Rental Houses, 205-209 South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    A group of compact rental houses and duplexes at 205-209 South Nash Street used the Minimal Traditional form with deep eaves, concrete block and metal windows, a pattern also seen in the Freeland houses on Daye Street.

  73. West Hillsborough outnumbers Hillsborough

    Statistic or record · Hillsborough and West Hillsborough

    In 1950 the mill villages of West Hillsborough held 1,456 people, more than the 1,329 in the town itself, whose population barely moved from 1,311 in 1940 to 1,349 in 1960.

  74. The Hillsboro Building and Loan Association opens its first office building on Calvin Street

    Construction or physical change · 420 Calvin Street, Hillsborough

    After 37 years of meeting in stores and a depot office, the association held an open house for its own one-story Colonial-style brick office on Calvin Street in West Hillsboro, built with a fireproof vault.

    Subject: Hillsboro Building and Loan (Savings and Loan)

  75. Cole's Store opens beside its owner's house on West Hill Avenue

    Construction or physical change · Cole's Store, 231 Hill Avenue, West Hillsborough

    The small concrete-block store and gas station on North West Hill Avenue, built on the same lot as the owner's home, follows the pattern of rural crossroads stores of the 1940s and 1950s.

  76. Eno Mill becomes part of Cone Mills

    Property or economic transaction · West Hillsborough

    The subsidiary joined the Greensboro textile corporation.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  77. The Bellevue mill employs 355 workers on two shifts

    Statistic or record · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    In 1953 the mill had 355 workers on two shifts, and the company still owned its mill village, whose houses now had indoor plumbing.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  78. The Bellevue company's stock is worth $219,600, well under half its 1926 value

    Statistic or record · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    Still listed under the Bellevue name in 1955, the company had stock valued at $219,600, with 14,712 spindles and 499 looms.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  79. Eno Mill houses are relocated

    Construction or physical change · West Hillsborough

    Most company houses moved into nearby neighborhoods.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  80. The Hillsboro Building and Loan Association becomes Hillsboro Savings and Loan Association

    Naming or commemoration · 420 Calvin Street, Hillsborough

    On a vote of its stockholders, the association changed its name to Hillsboro Savings and Loan Association, announced alongside the largest dividend in its history.

    People: Ira Ward

    Subject: Hillsboro Building and Loan (Savings and Loan)

  81. Fire destroys the old West Hillsboro School, then a mill-owned apartment house

    Disaster or outbreak · Former West Hillsboro School, West Hillsborough

    About 11:30 on a Monday night the three-story frame building that had been the West Hillsboro School, later made into 13 apartments, burned to the ground. A taxi driver saw the flames and woke the five people inside, who escaped.

    Subject: West End Graded School (West Hillsborough School)

  82. The Bellevue mill village is platted and its houses sold to private owners

    Property or economic transaction · Bellevue Mill Village, West Hillsborough

    After the mill company had been sold by 1956, its village was surveyed into lots in 1958 so the houses could be sold. Unlike the Eno mill houses, which were carried off to new sites, the Bellevue houses stayed where they were, which is why the village keeps its original streets but has irregular lot lines.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  83. The Bellevue mill changes hands and runs as Hillsboro Mills

    Property or economic transaction · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    In the 1960s the mill was sold to investors from the Northeast, and trade directories list it as Hillsboro Mills.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  84. The open court in the middle of the Bellevue mill is roofed over for storage

    Construction or physical change · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    For more storage, the owners roofed the space inside the U-shaped mill with open-web steel trusses running from the main mill to the weaving room and closed its east side with a new wall, removing the 1923 stair tower.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  85. The last Southern Railway passenger trains run through Hillsborough

    Closing or ending · Hillsborough depot, South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    Trains 13 and 16, the daily Greensboro-Goldsboro round trip, made their final runs, ending more than a century of passenger service in Orange County. Hillsborough had been a flag stop without ticket sales for two years.

    Subject: North Carolina Railroad

  86. Lucius and Nellie Cheshire buy and restore the Commandant's House

    Property or economic transaction · 205 Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    Eula Cole, who had bought the house from John W. Hill's estate in 1938, sold it in 1965 to Lucius and Nellie Cheshire. By 1972 they had restored it to excellent condition.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  87. The former Military Academy dining hall is turned into a church

    Construction or physical change · 202 Barracks Street, West Hillsborough

    The one-story board-and-batten building beside Barracks Road, thought to be a surviving piece of the long frame service building that stood behind the barracks, became a church building in 1965.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  88. Cone Mills honors Eno plant workers, most of them women, for fifty years at the mill

    Award or honor · Hillsborough

    At the Eno Plant's seventieth anniversary celebration in Hillsborough, Cone Mills recognized at least six of its 385 employees for fifty or more years of work at the mill, five of them women.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  89. West End Graded School closes

    Closing or ending · West End Graded School, 111 Jones Street, West Hillsborough

    The West Hillsborough elementary school closed in 1969, perhaps because the new Central Elementary School took its pupils once schools were integrated. The main building later burned, leaving only the rear wings.

    Subject: Central High and Central Elementary, Hillsborough · West End Graded School (West Hillsborough School)

  90. The former Bellevue mill is sold again and runs as Falk Fibers and Fabrics

    Property or economic transaction · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street at Eno Street, West Hillsborough

    In the 1970s northeastern investors bought the mill again; directories list it as Falk, Fibers, and Fabrics, with a dyeing and finishing subsidiary at the same site.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  91. The Commandant's House is listed in the National Register

    Award or honor · 205 Barracks Road, West Hillsborough

    The castellated brick house built for the Hillsborough Military Academy's commandant, the academy's only major surviving building, was entered in the National Register of Historic Places.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

  92. Recent decades · 1976–2026
  93. Hillsborough annexes West Hillsborough

    Law, policy or court · West Hillsborough

    West Hillsborough, which in 1950 had 1,456 residents and so outnumbered the town itself, came inside the town limits in 1976. Together with the next year's annexation it probably accounts for the town's population more than doubling between 1970 and 1980, from 1,444 to 3,019.

  94. Eno Mill closes

    Closing or ending · West Hillsborough

    Textile production ended at the Hillsborough plant.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  95. Gold family acquires Eno Mill

    Property or economic transaction · West Hillsborough

    The property became a business center with varied tenants.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  96. Flynt Fabrics and Finishing closes the former Bellevue mill

    Closing or ending · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, South Nash Street, West Hillsborough

    The shutdown of the Flynt Fabrics and Finishing Company, successor to the Bellevue Manufacturing Company, in 2000 followed the Eno mill's 1984 closing and dealt Hillsborough a second economic blow. The mill buildings still stand between the town and West Hillsborough.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  97. The Bellevue mill joins the Study List

    Naming or commemoration · Bellevue mill, West Hillsborough

    The National Register Advisory Committee placed the Belle-Vue Manufacturing Company mill in West Hillsborough on North Carolina's Study List, its list of properties likely to qualify for the National Register.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  98. The Bellevue Manufacturing Company is listed in the National Register

    Naming or commemoration · Bellevue Manufacturing Company, Hillsborough

    On August 28, 2003 the National Park Service listed the Bellevue Manufacturing Company in Hillsborough in the National Register of Historic Places.

    Subject: Bellevue Mill

  99. The Eno Cotton Mill joins the Study List

    Naming or commemoration · Eno Cotton Mill, West Hillsborough

    The National Register Advisory Committee placed the Eno Cotton Mill in West Hillsborough on North Carolina's Study List, its list of properties likely to qualify for the National Register.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  100. The Eno Cotton Mill is listed in the National Register

    Naming or commemoration · Eno Cotton Mill, Hillsborough

    On September 1, 2011 the National Park Service listed the Eno Cotton Mill in Hillsborough in the National Register of Historic Places.

    Subject: Eno Mill

  101. The survey proposes adding the Military Academy dining hall and grounds to the Commandant's House listing

    Naming or commemoration · Hillsborough Military Academy site, 202 Barracks Street, West Hillsborough

    The report recommended the academy's surviving frame dining hall on Barracks Road, left out of the Commandant's House nomination, for the Study List as an expansion of that listing, with about 21.5 acres over three parcels. The land keeps the barracks foundation, old tree lines and a daffodil-lined path, and the Office of State Archaeology judged it likely to hold remains of the school. The National Register Advisory Committee added the dining hall and site to the Study List on October 12, 2017.

    Subject: Hillsborough Military Academy

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Compiled and maintained by the Friends of the Orange County Public Library from county records, the sources named on each card, and the index’s event pages. Last updated October 2, 2026.

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Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026