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The 1956 school bonds and what they built, 1955–1958

The $2 million county school bond issue voters approved in March 1956: how the commissioners brought it to a vote, the objection raised over the segregation ruling, and the schools the board built with it, from the new Carrboro school to gymnasiums at Hillsboro High and Central.

In 1955 commissioners' chairman R. J. M. Hobbs asked the county and Chapel Hill school boards to plan for a large bond election, and the board called a vote on $2 million in school bonds, divided among the county schools, Carrboro and the Chapel Hill unit. At the February 1956 hearing two Hillsboro men objected, citing the uncertainty left by the Supreme Court's school decision; Remus J. Smith Sr. answered that the classrooms would be needed even if segregation ended. Voters approved the bonds on March 27, 1956. The county board put a new Carrboro school first and that fall adopted a $1.17 million building program, and contracts for work from Carrboro to Efland followed through 1958.

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The full story

In October 1955 commissioners' chairman R. J. M. Hobbs asked the county and Chapel Hill school boards to plan for a large bond election, and in November the board called a vote on $2 million in school bonds, divided by tax valuation among the county schools, Carrboro and the Chapel Hill unit. At the February 1956 hearing two Hillsboro men objected, citing the uncertainty left by the Supreme Court's school decision; Remus J. Smith Sr. answered that the classrooms would be needed even if segregation ended. Voters approved the bonds on March 27, 1956. The county board put a new 16-room Carrboro school first, with a lunchroom and library at Aycock and work at Hillsboro High, and that fall adopted a $1.17 million building program through 1960. Contracts followed for the Aycock lunchroom in 1956, the new Carrboro school, a Hillsboro High gymnasium and Central High's gymtorium and classrooms in 1957, and additions at Cedar Grove, Efland and Efland-Cheeks in 1958, and the bonds were sold a million dollars at a time.

In the chronology

Events in this storyline, in date order. See these 14 dated events in the chronology →

  1. County commissioners ask both school boards to plan for a school bond election Chairman R. J. M. Hobbs called the county and Chapel Hill school boards before the commissioners and asked them to study the county's school needs with a view to calling an election on a large bond issue. Chapel Hill chairman Carl Smith agreed at once and put his district's need at about a million dollars over five years; the county board, reluctant, agreed only to meet the Chapel Hill board on November 7. People: Richard Junius Mendenhall Hobbs, Carl Smith (Chapel Hill businessman and county commissioner), Charles W. StanfordSearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), October 6, 1955, p. 1
  2. County commissioners call a March 1956 vote on $2 million in school bonds After the county and Chapel Hill school boards laid out building needs they had never agreed to put into a joint request, the commissioners voted unanimously to let the people decide on March 20, 1956 whether to issue $2 million in school bonds. The money was to be split by tax valuation: $860,730 for the county schools outside Carrboro, $311,202 for Carrboro and $828,068 for the Chapel Hill unit. People: Edwin Sidney Lanier, Dwight Ray, Richard Junius Mendenhall HobbsSearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), November 10, 1955, p. 1
  3. Commissioners urge passage of the school bonds as two objectors cite the segregation ruling At a hearing on the $2,000,000 school bond order, the county commissioners passed the order and a resolution urging voters to approve the bonds. Two Hillsboro men objected, citing the unsettled situation caused by the Supreme Court's school decision and the empty St. Mary's school; bond co-chairman Remus J. Smith Sr. answered that the county would need the classrooms even if segregation ended. People: Edwin Sidney Lanier, Dwight Ray, Remus J. Smith Sr.The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), February 23, 1956, p. 1
  4. Orange County passes a $2 million school bond issue Orange County voters approved $2 million in school building bonds at a special election on March 27, 1956: 2,853 votes were cast for the bonds, with 11,744 voters registered. The next month Cedar Grove's Black parents went to the board to ask for a share of the building money.Search the index · NC State Historic Preservation Office: Cedar Grove School, National Register nomination (OR3044), p. 21 · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 5, 1956, p. 7
  5. A Cedar Grove committee asks for classrooms, a lunchroom and playground land Wayne Compton, Arthur Wells, Lonnie Thompson, Carter White and Oscar Beasley asked the county board for four more classrooms at Cedar Grove School, a lunchroom large enough to grow, and two more acres for a playground. The board did not act. People: Arthur Wells, Oscar Carver Beasley, Carter WhiteNC State Historic Preservation Office: Cedar Grove School, National Register nomination (OR3044), p. 21
  6. County school board names its first projects under the new bond issue The Orange County Board of Education gave first priority to a new 16-room Carrboro school, allotted $376,000, a lunchroom, library and commercial department at Aycock School, and renovation of Hillsboro High School. It kept Archie Royal Davis as architect for the county projects except Carrboro. People: G. Paul Carr, Archie Royal DavisSearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 12, 1956, p. 1
  7. The county school board lets $73,420 in contracts for a lunchroom and two classrooms at Aycock School Contracts for the lunchroom and classroom addition at Aycock School in Cedar Grove went to H. F. Mitchell of Burlington for the general work and to three Durham firms for plumbing, heating and wiring. Because the bids and fees ran $10,420 over the $63,000 in bond money, the board added that sum from capital outlay funds.The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), September 27, 1956, p. 1
  8. The county school board puts the new Carrboro school first in a $1.17 million building program The board approved a building program and timetable through 1960 totaling $1,171,704 from county school bonds and state bond money, and Superintendent G. Paul Carr presented it to the State Review Panel. All $199,772 of the state money went to the new Carrboro school, first on the list at an estimated $376,202, with the Central School addition next at $283,730. People: G. Paul CarrThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), October 18, 1956, p. 1
  9. The county school board lets contracts for a new sixteen-classroom Carrboro school The Orange County Board of Education let contracts of about $395,000 for a one-story school for Carrboro, with the general contract going to the Dickerson Company of Monroe at $294,900. Plans by Croft and Hammond of Asheboro called for sixteen classrooms, a 500-seat auditorium, a 250-seat lunchroom and a library.The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), February 28, 1957, p. 1
  10. Orange County sells the first $1 million of its 1956 school bonds The Local Government Commission sold $1 million of Orange County school building bonds, the first half of the $2 million issue voters approved in 1956, to a syndicate of Alex. Brown & Sons, Wachovia Bank & Trust and Branch Banking & Trust at an interest cost of 3.3808 percent. The money went to the school building program then under way at Carrboro, Hillsboro High, Central High and other schools.Search the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), May 23, 1957, p. 1
  11. Work begins on a two-story gymnasium building for Hillsboro High School T. W. Poe and Sons of Durham won the contract on June 10, 1957 and began a $180,000 physical education building with classrooms and locker rooms below and a gymnasium above, due for completion in December.Search the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), July 11, 1957, p. 1 · Also: DigitalNC: Irene Oliver Pender, A History of Orange County Schools, 1752-1983
  12. The county takes bids for a gymtorium and twelve classrooms at Central High School H. F. Mitchell Construction Company was low bidder for two buildings at Central High, a twelve-classroom addition and a gymtorium seating about 1,200, designed by Archie Royal Davis. The whole project came to $266,094, and the gymtorium was nearly finished in February 1958. People: Archie Royal DavisThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), August 1, 1957, p. 1 · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), February 20, 1958, p. 1
Show all 14 dated events
  1. The county school board lets contracts for additions at Cedar Grove, Efland and Efland-Cheeks schools The Board of Education let about $200,000 in contracts, with W. L. Jewell & Sons of Sanford as general contractor, for a kitchen and cafeteria at Cedar Grove School, classrooms and a boiler room at Efland School, and classrooms, offices, a boiler room and cold storage at Efland-Cheeks School. It also let an $11,600 contract to Odis Johnson for a principal's home at Aycock School. People: Archie Royal DavisSearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), March 6, 1958, p. 1
  2. Orange County sells $1 million of its school construction bonds Orange County sold the first $1 million of the $2 million in school bonds approved in 1956, at an interest rate of 2.94 per cent, and the county accountant and the register of deeds went to New York on March 10 and 11 to sign them. The commissioners put half the money into short-term government securities until the building contracts came due. People: Sam M. Gattis IIISearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), March 13, 1958, p. 8

Places in this history

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Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

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Background on Schools & Education

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Skin contact

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William R. Burk's history of botany at the University of North Carolina, from its early natural scientists such as Denison Olmsted and Elisha Mitchell through later figures including George Francis Atkinson, Joseph Austin Holmes and Henry Van Peters Wilson, closing with a chapter on the Department of Botany itself. Published in Fort Worth in 2023.

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A Consequential Life: David Lowry Swain, Nineteenth-Century North Carolina, and Their University

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Grimsley, Jim · 2022 · Levine Querido

Jim Grimsley's coming-of-age novel about Ronny, who grew up in a trailer alongside his mother and a string of stepfathers, kept his head down, earned good grades and won a scholarship to UNC in Chapel Hill. On campus he finds his first love and begins to sort out who he is. Subjects include gay college students, first loves and mothers and sons. Published by Levine Querido in 2022, 322 pages.

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Scott Madry's recollections of the student tech crew at Memorial Hall, the University of North Carolina's auditorium in Chapel Hill, presented under the banner of the Carolina Union, the campus student union. Published in Chapel Hill in 2021.

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To Drink from the Well: The Struggle for Racial Equality at the Nation’s Oldest University

Kapur, Geeta · 2021

Geeta Kapur's history of race at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, from the enslaved labor that built the campus through desegregation and the Black student protests that followed. Twelve chapters, with a foreword by William Barber II, move from the founding era and the Great Depression controversies to the state's response to integration and the turmoil of later decades; North Carolina Central University also figures. Published 2021 by Blair in Durham.

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Deonn, Tracy · 2020

Tracy Deonn's young adult fantasy about an African American teenager who arrives as a student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill after her mother's death and finds a secret society bound to Arthurian legend, with demons, magic and her own family's past. Published by Margaret K. McElderry Books in 2020, 501 pages, for ages 14 and up. Winner of the 2021 Coretta Scott King/John Steptoe Award for New Talent.

Reviewed in Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books./Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books (2020).

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Hoffert, Sylvia D. · 2019 · Historical Research Office, Office of Archives and History

Sylvia D. Hoffert's article on Margaret Anna Burwell, 1810 to 1871, and the work of being a Presbyterian minister's wife in North Carolina from 1835 to 1857, the years of the female school she and her husband kept in Hillsborough. Pages 245 to 275 with illustrations, facsimiles and portraits, issued by the Office of Archives and History in Raleigh in 2019.

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