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Schools and academies

Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School

In Chapel Hill. 27 dated events, 1866–2013.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange and OpenStreetMap; town and community pins mark the middle of their mapped buildings.

People in its history

Indexed works

Books, articles, records and pictures in the index about Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School, found by its names in titles, catalog subjects and the index’s descriptions, and read one by one. Those held at OCPL come first.

About the site

Oral history interview with Burnis Hackney, February 5, 2001: interview K-0547, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Hackney, Burnis · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Burnis Hackney entered Chapel Hill High School, newly integrated, in 1966, one of the first Black students there after Lincoln High School closed. In this Southern Oral History Program interview, recorded February 5, 2001, by Bob Gilgor, Hackney weighs his conviction that integration was right against what was lost when Lincoln's traditions were set aside, and how the merger played out for students. About an hour and a half. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Fred Battle, January 3, 2001: interview K-0525, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Battle, Fred · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Fred Battle grew up in Chapel Hill under segregation and describes that world in a Southern Oral History Program interview recorded January 3, 2001, by Bob Gilgor. He portrays the Black community of his youth as centered on the church and on Lincoln High School, recalls his schooling there, and tells of his college years in Greensboro and the civil rights demonstrations he joined there. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Gloria Register Jeter, December 23, 2000: interview K-0549, Southern Oral History Program (#4007)

Jeter, Gloria Register · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Gloria Register Jeter (born 1952) attended both segregated and integrated public schools of Chapel Hill and offers a critical view of how desegregation was carried out, in a Southern Oral History Program interview recorded December 23, 2000, by Bob Gilgor. Jeter argues that the merger of Lincoln High School into Chapel Hill High School cost the Black community its school traditions and institutions, and describes the student protests that followed. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with James Atwater, February 28, 2001: interview K-0201, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Atwater, James · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

James Atwater, born in 1932 into a family that had lived in Chapel Hill for generations, talked with Jennifer Nardone in February 2001. He describes the town's Black community between the 1930s and the 1950s: how neighbors dealt with one another in church, at school and in social life, and what schooling under segregation meant at Orange County Training School and Lincoln High School. About an hour and eighteen minutes; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Joanne Peerman, February 24, 2001: interview K-0557, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Peerman, Joanne · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Joanne Peerman, a Chapel Hill native and the daughter of a well-known coach, was in one of the first classes to integrate Chapel Hill High School. In this Southern Oral History Program interview, recorded by Bob Gilgor in February 2001, she describes her schooling under segregation and after it, the last years of Lincoln High School, and the civil rights demonstrations that accompanied school integration. About an hour and a half; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Raney Norwood, January 9, 2001: interview K-0556, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Norwood, Raney · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Raney Norwood was among the African American students who moved from Lincoln High School to the newly desegregated Chapel Hill High School. Interviewed by Bob Gilgor in January 2001, he recalls the traditions left behind at Lincoln, a hard first year at the new school, and the nonviolent protests students mounted to carry those traditions over. An Upward Bound math-science program also comes up. Runs about an hour and three quarters; electronic edition issued by the UNC library in 2006 through Documenting the American South.

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Show 36 more works

Oral history interview with Rebecca Clark, June 21, 2000: interview K-0536, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Clark, Rebecca · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Interview recorded June 21, 2000 with Rebecca Clark (1915-2009), a Black Chapel Hill resident, for the Southern Oral History Program at UNC. Clark, educated in Chapel Hill's segregated schools, describes working life under segregation and the economic discrimination she met in it. Topics also include Lincoln High School, school integration, and Howard Lee, elected mayor of Chapel Hill in 1969. Interview K-0536 in collection #4007.

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Oral history interview with Sheila Florence, January 20, 2001: interview K-0544, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Florence, Sheila · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Sheila Florence (born 1947) was one of the first African American students to enter Chapel Hill High School when it desegregated. In this January 2001 interview with Bob Gilgor she describes growing up in segregated Chapel Hill, the poor state of the town's Black schools, including Lincoln High School, the harassment she faced at the formerly white school, and the civil rights demonstrations of the era. About an hour and forty minutes; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Stella Nickerson, January 20, 2001: interview K-0554, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Nickerson, Stella · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Stella Nickerson describes her girlhood in Chapel Hill's Black community during the years of school integration. Interviewed by Bob Gilgor in January 2001, she remembers a close neighborhood in which work, school and church were bound together, the disciplined atmosphere of the all-Black schools, and the changes integration brought as students moved from Lincoln High School to Chapel Hill High School. Runs about seventy-two minutes; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Thurman Couch, February 12, 2001: interview K-0537, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Couch, Thurman · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Thurman Couch went from Lincoln High School into the first group of African American students at Chapel Hill High School. Interviewed by Bob Gilgor in February 2001, he compares the two schools, speaks as a former athlete about sports before and after desegregation, and argues that integration cost the Black community its school traditions and weakened the bond between school and neighborhood. The town's civil rights demonstrations also come up. About an hour; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Oral history interview with Walter Durham, January 19 and 26, 2001: interview K-0540, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Durham, Walter · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Walter Durham, born about 1948 into a landowning Black family, grew up between Carrboro and Chapel Hill and attended Carrboro's all-Black schools until Lincoln High School merged into Chapel Hill High School in 1966. Over two sessions with Bob Gilgor in January 2001 he describes neighborhood life, church and school, what students lost and gained in the merger, and the civil rights demonstrations of the 1960s. About two hours and ten minutes; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

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Race, memory and the desegregation of Chapel Hill, North Carolina, public schools, 1954-1969

Nardone, Jennifer · 2002

Jennifer Nardone's 2002 study of how Chapel Hill desegregated its public schools between 1954 and 1969, with Lincoln High School and Chapel Hill High School both included. Fifty-three illustrated leaves with a closing bibliography. School integration and discrimination in education are the subject terms, and the pairing of the two schools reflects the town's move to a single high school.

UNC

Chapel Hill/Carrboro City Schools alumni directory 1996.

1996 · Chapel Hill/Carrboro City Schools

Graduates of Chapel Hill High School and of Lincoln High School are listed together in this alumni directory for the Chapel Hill and Carrboro City Schools, published in 1996 for the system's golden anniversary. 228 pages with illustrations and portraits.

UNC

A report to the citizens of Chapel Hill : about ten weeks ago Lincoln High School students began an effort to get equal service at lunch counters nearest our homes : we want to make a report to you on our activities and some of the results.

1960 · Chapel Hill Council on Racial Equality

In 1960 students from Lincoln High School spent about ten weeks pressing for equal service at the lunch counters nearest their homes, and the Chapel Hill Council on Racial Equality printed this single sheet report to the town on what they had done and what had come of it. Topics include civil rights demonstrations and segregation in Chapel Hill.

UNC

Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools: Orange County Training School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

North Carolina. Department of Public Instruction · 1941

Accreditation reports of 1941 and 1942 on the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, the town's school for Black students and later Lincoln High School, prepared as it sought Southern Association approval with help from the ACSSN. From the Department of Public Instruction's files on Negro education, in 191 images.

DPLA

Alumni Monument Installation (DVD, Chapel Hill Historical Society)

2017

Video of the 2017 installation of the Lincoln High School alumni monument in Chapel Hill, shot by freelance videographer Clayton Weaver, who gave the DVD to the Chapel Hill Historical Society. Lincoln was the town's Black high school until it closed in 1966 with desegregation. Audiovisual Materials Collection, CHHS.012.

CH Historical Society

Lincoln High School, Marching Band Alumni: photographs (Chapel Hill Historical Society)

2017

Alumni of the Lincoln High School marching band gathered in 2017, decades after the Chapel Hill school closed. One photograph from the schools series of the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Prints and Photographs Collection (CHHS.002).

CH Historical Society

LHS Class of 1966 50th Reunion Slide Show (DVD, Chapel Hill Historical Society)

2016

Clayton Weaver compiled this 2016 slide show to welcome the Lincoln High School Class of 1966 to its fiftieth reunion. Lincoln, Chapel Hill's Black high school, closed that same year after desegregation. DVD, Chapel Hill Historical Society Audiovisual Materials Collection, CHHS.012.

CH Historical Society

LHS Tiger Memories (DVD, Chapel Hill Historical Society)

2016

Interviews and images honoring Clayton Weaver's classmates at Lincoln High School, Chapel Hill's Black high school, which closed in 1966 following desegregation. Weaver shot and assembled the DVD in 2016. Chapel Hill Historical Society Audiovisual Materials Collection, CHHS.012.

CH Historical Society

Lincoln High School, students of: photographs (Chapel Hill Historical Society)

1957

Class picture of Lincoln High School students in Chapel Hill, taken in 1957. One photograph from the schools series of the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Prints and Photographs Collection (CHHS.002).

CH Historical Society

Lincoln High School: photographs (Chapel Hill Historical Society)

1950

Lincoln High School, Chapel Hill's high school for Black students before integration, under construction in 1950. One photograph from the schools series of the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Prints and Photographs Collection (CHHS.002).

CH Historical Society

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

General view of the Orange County Training School, a vocational school for Black students, photographed by Jackson Davis in November 1917.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

Men gathered outside a building at the Orange County Training School in November 1917, photographed by Jackson Davis, the educator who documented Black schools across the South.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

November 1917 view by Jackson Davis of men in the yard among the buildings of the Orange County Training School, a school for African American students.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

A man and three women at the Orange County Training School, photographed by Jackson Davis in November 1917, one of his many pictures of schools for Black students in the South.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

Horse, wagon and outbuildings at the Orange County Training School, a vocational school for Black students, in a November 1917 photograph by Jackson Davis.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1917-11

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1917

Children on the porch and in the yard of the Orange County Training School, photographed in November 1917 by Jackson Davis, who documented schools for African Americans across the South.

DPLA

Orange County Training School (Dormitory)

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1916

Dormitory of the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, a clapboard building with a pile of rubble in the foreground. Photograph by Jackson Davis, 1916.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1916

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1916

Clapboard school building with a bell tower at the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, photographed by Jackson Davis in 1916. Davis, an educator with the General Education Board, documented schools for Black students across the South.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1916

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1916

Jackson Davis photographed the Orange County Training School, a school for Black students, in 1916: a group of clapboard buildings, with people posed on the balcony of the building in front.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1916

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1916

Men stand in front of a clapboard building raised on stone piers at the Orange County Training School, a school for African American students, in a 1916 photograph by Jackson Davis.

DPLA

Orange County Training School, 1916

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1916

Two men in front of a clapboard building at the Orange County Training School, 1916, photographed by Jackson Davis. The image is blurred.

DPLA

End view of main building.Lines broken by shrubs. Orange County Training School

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1915

End view of the main building at the Orange County Training School, a school for African American students, its lines softened by shrubs. Photograph by Jackson Davis, dated sometime between 1915 and 1947.

DPLA

General view of grounds, shop lower left. Orange County Training School

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1915

General view of the grounds of the Orange County Training School, with the shop building at lower left. Jackson Davis took the photograph at some point between 1915 and 1947; the school served African American students.

DPLA

Landscaping done by patrons and students. Painting of all building done by agricultural students as farm shop work. Orange County Training School

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1915

Grounds of the Orange County Training School, landscaped by patrons and students, with every building painted by agricultural students as part of their farm shop work. Jackson Davis photograph, dated 1915 to 1947.

DPLA

Orange County Training School. Outhouses screened by students. Honeysuckle used as screens

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1915

Outhouses at the Orange County Training School, screened from view by students with honeysuckle. One of Jackson Davis's photographs of the school, dated 1915 to 1947.

DPLA

Primary buildings. Orange County Training School. Seat built by farm shop students holds or seats (30) children

Davis, Jackson, 1882-1947 [photographer] · 1915

Primary buildings at the Orange County Training School, with a bench made by farm shop students that seats thirty children. Jackson Davis photograph, dated 1915 to 1947.

DPLA

Adeline Denham McCall photographic collection, 1908-1950s (bulk 1940s-1950s).

McCall, Adeline, 1900-1989 · 1908

Fifty one photographs gathered by the music teacher Adeline McCall (1900-1989), spanning 1908 through the 1950s with most images from the 1940s and 1950s, in the North Carolina Collection at UNC. Subjects include the Orange County Training School and the Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools, school music instruction, African American children, the North Carolina Symphony, and portraits of Leonard Bernstein and A. C. Howell.

UNC

LHS BAND (DVD, Chapel Hill Historical Society)

DVD of 223 photographs from a reunion of the Lincoln High School band. Lincoln was Chapel Hill's Black high school until 1966. Undated. Chapel Hill Historical Society Audiovisual Materials Collection, CHHS.012.

CH Historical Society

Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill Historical Society vertical file)

Lincoln High School, Chapel Hill's high school for Black students before desegregation, in newspaper clippings, photocopied articles, published material, promotional pieces and notes. Undated folder in the Schools series of the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Vertical File Collection (CHHS.001).

CH Historical Society

Lincoln High School, Marching Band: photographs (Chapel Hill Historical Society)

Baton twirlers marching with the Lincoln High School band in Chapel Hill, in an undated candid photograph from the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Prints and Photographs Collection (CHHS.002).

CH Historical Society

Orange County Training School & Northside (Chapel Hill Historical Society vertical file)

Orange County Training School, the Chapel Hill school for Black students that preceded Lincoln High School, and the Northside neighborhood, in copies of published material with reports and notes. Undated folder, Schools series, Chapel Hill Historical Society Vertical File Collection (CHHS.001).

CH Historical Society

Published by or for it

The Lincoln echo.

1964

The Lincoln echo was the periodical of Lincoln High School in Chapel Hill, the town's school for African American students, published in volumes with illustrations and recorded here from 1964. Topics include African American high school students and African American schools in Chapel Hill. Issue sizes range from twenty-eight to forty-four centimeters.

UNC

The Orange jewel.

1962 · Orange County Training School

The student publication of Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, an African American school, with issues from 1962. Published by the school in large format volumes with illustrations, 49 cm.

UNC

The Orange echo.

1949

School paper of the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, the high school for African American students. Issues from 1949 onward, in volumes with illustrations ranging from 28 to 44 centimeters, the publication issued under the school's own name.

UNC

[Miscellaneous announcements, programs, bulletins, etc.]

Lincoln High School (Chapel Hill, N.C.) · 1944

Four pieces of printed matter from Lincoln High School in Chapel Hill, announcements, programs and bulletins gathered together and dated 1944, each measuring twenty-eight centimeters.

UNC

Closing exercises of the Orange County Training School beginning Friday, May 15, 1925

1925 · Orange County Training School

A single printed sheet announcing the closing exercises of the Orange County Training School, the African American school in Chapel Hill, beginning Friday, May 15, 1925, and signed by B. L. Bozeman and the faculty. One sheet, 31 by 23 centimeters, issued by the school.

UNC

Orange County commencement will be held at the Orange County Training School, Chapel Hill, N.C., April 9, 1925

1925

Program announcing the Orange County commencement set for the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill on April 9, 1925, with B. L. Bozeman named as president and L. W. Latta as secretary. A single sheet. It documents a graduation in the county's schools for Black students.

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Commencement day, May 16, 1922, of Orange County Training School

1922 · Orange County Training School

A printed program sheet for commencement day at the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, May 16, 1922. The school served the town's African American students. A single sheet, 22 by 12 centimeters, issued by the school; an early document of Black education in Chapel Hill.

UNC

Orange County Training School commencement

1922 · Orange County Training School

Single-sheet announcement of the 1922 commencement exercises of the Orange County Training School, the African American public school in Chapel Hill, with exercises beginning May 10, 1922. Topics include African American schools and commencement ceremonies in Chapel Hill. 28 by 22 cm. One page of print, but a dated trace of the school that later became Lincoln High School.

UNC

[Miscellaneous announcements, programs, bulletins, etc.]

Orange County Training School (Chapel Hill, N.C.) · 1900

Gathered announcements, programs and bulletins from the Orange County Training School in Chapel Hill, the school that served African American students in the town. The pieces are loose items of varying size rather than a bound volume, the earliest dated around 1900.

UNC

Lincoln High School Student Newspaper (Chapel Hill, N.C.)

1944

Student newspaper of Lincoln High School, Chapel Hill's high school for Black students under segregation, published as The Lincoln Echo and later The Orange Echo. A run of 36 issues dating from 1944.

DPLA

Surveys and maps of the area

Not about Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School alone: the architectural surveys that cover its town or the county, and maps drawn while it stood. Several of the surveys can be read free online at NC Digital Collections.

The Town and Gown Architecture of Chapel Hill, North Carolina: 1795-1975

Little-Stokes, Margaret Ruth · 2006

Margaret Ruth Little-Stokes's survey of Chapel Hill's town and campus buildings from 1795 to 1975, published by the Preservation Society of Chapel Hill in 2006. Chapters run from the first campus buildings through David Swain's romantic campus to midcentury modernism, followed by area surveys of the campus, east and west Chapel Hill, downtown, Northside and the suburbs.

NC Cardinal UNC Duke NC State Durham Chapel Hill PL Library of Congress CH Historical Society

The town and gown architecture of Chapel Hill, 1795-1975

Little, M. Ruth · 2004 · Preservation Society of Chapel Hill

M. Ruth Little's 2004 architectural history of Chapel Hill and the university campus from 1795 to 1975, written for the Preservation Society of Chapel Hill. A 99-page survey with a bibliography.

NC Cardinal DPLA

Chapel Hill historic sites survey : final report.

Gatza, M. B. · 1992 · Chapel Hill Planning Department

M. B. Gatza's final report of the 1992 Chapel Hill historic sites survey for the town Planning Department, with contributions by Beverly C. Kawalec and Catherine Bishir. It covers historic buildings and districts in Chapel Hill in 80 pages.

NC Cardinal DPLA

Chapel Hill township survey final report

Lally, Kelly A. · 1992

Kelly A. Lally's October 1992 final report on the architectural survey of Chapel Hill township, including Chapel Hill and Carrboro. Besides the report and a bibliography, most of its 56 pages form an annotated index of the historic buildings surveyed.

NC Cardinal DPLA

When Chapel Hill was a village

Love, Cornelia Spencer, 1892-1981 · 1976 · Chapel Hill Historical Society

Cornelia Spencer Love's recollections of Chapel Hill as a village, published by the Chapel Hill Historical Society in 1976 with drawings by John V. Allcott. Love lived from 1892 to 1981, and the book covers Chapel Hill biography, the town's social life and customs, and the faculty of the university before 1962. viii and 87 pages with illustrations.

UNC Library of Congress CH Historical Society NC Cardinal

Map of Chapel Hill as it was in 1875 to 1885

Carter, H. D. (Henry Dennis), -1941 · 1934

Henry Dennis Carter's reconstruction, drawn as a blueprint in 1934, of Chapel Hill as it stood between 1875 and 1885, showing the buildings of the village. A note on the map says the information came from old residents who gave it to Mary L. Thornton.

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[Map of Chapel Hill and vicinity].

Harris, Hunter Lee, 1866-1893 · 1888 · Hunter Lee Harris?

Dating from 1888 and attributed to Hunter Lee Harris, a map of Chapel Hill and its vicinity, reproduced as a photocopy measuring 22 by 37 centimeters. Harris died in 1893, which brackets the drawing to the late nineteenth century. An early depiction of the streets of the village and the land around it.

UNC

[Map of Chapel Hill].

1895

Pen-and-ink manuscript map of Chapel Hill dated 1852, with a table of measurements, showing the University campus, the village around it, street widths and layout, and the town limits. Later notes attributed to Kemp P. Battle give the longitude and latitude of landmarks as measured from atop New East Hall in 1880.

UNC DPLA

Map of Chapel Hill & vicinity.

1933

Street and property map of Chapel Hill and the surrounding country, revised to 1 January 1933 and printed in the town. Topics include streets, real property and the historical geography of Chapel Hill along with maps of the University of North Carolina in its 1793 to 1962 period. A useful sheet for tracing lot lines and street names as they stood at the start of the 1930s.

UNC

Map of African-American Neighborhoods in 1944, Chapel Hill

1944

An appendix map from 1944 marking Chapel Hill's African American neighborhoods: Potters Field, Sunset, Tintop, Knolls and South West Lane. A proposed park north of town, possibly Umstead Park, is also shown.

DPLA

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    Where to look on the shelf

    These books don’t necessarily mention Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School, but they cover where it stands, its kind of building and the land, family and burial records behind it, and they are where a search for a place like this usually goes next. All are at OCPL, most in the Wall Collection.

    Histories of the town and county

    • Rebecca Wall Collection · NC 975.656 STO Chapel Hill: A Pictorial History Stolpen, Steven · 1978

      Steven Stolpen's pictorial history of Chapel Hill, one of the Donning Company's photographic town histories, published in Norfolk, Virginia in 1978. Photographs and portraits carry the story of the town and the university, including references to Thomas Wolfe's years as a student at Carolina. 156 pages with illustrations.

    • Foundational · 975.656 RYAN Orange County Trio: Hillsborough, Chapel Hill, and Carrboro, North Carolina, Histories and Tour Guides Ryan, Elizabeth Shreve · 2004

      Elizabeth Shreve Ryan's combined histories and tour guides for Hillsborough, Chapel Hill and Carrboro, the three towns of Orange County, with the University of North Carolina treated alongside Chapel Hill. Each town gets a narrative history and a tour of its streets and buildings. Published by Chapel Hill Press in 2004, 369 pages with illustrations and maps.

    • Start here · NC 371.097 PENDER A History of Orange County Schools, 1752-1983 Pender, Irene Oliver · 1983

      Irene Oliver Pender's history of the public schools of Orange County from 1752 to 1983, covering more than two centuries of schooling in Hillsborough, Efland, Cedar Grove and the rural districts of the county. Published in 1983, 186 pages with illustrations.

    Buildings and surveys

    • Foundational · NC 720.975 BIS A Guide to the Historic Architecture of Piedmont North Carolina Bishir, Catherine W. · 2003

      Catherine W. Bishir and Michael T. Southern's field guide to the historic buildings of the North Carolina Piedmont, arranged county by county from Wake and Franklin in the east to Mecklenburg and Gaston in the west. The Orange County section takes in Hillsborough, Chapel Hill and Carrboro along with the rural county, with entries on individual buildings and maps for finding them. Published 2003, 596 pages with illustrations and maps.

    • Foundational · NC 917.56 HIS Historic Buildings and Landmarks of Chapel Hill, N.C Chapel Hill Historical Society · 1973

      A pocket-sized guide to the historic buildings and landmarks of Chapel Hill, prepared by the Chapel Hill Historical Society and printed by Creative Printers in 1973. Forty pages with illustrations and maps, 14 by 22 cm. Topics include architecture, historic buildings and historic districts in Chapel Hill, and the guide is useful for a walking tour of the older parts of town.

    Land, family and burial records

    • Foundational · NC 333.3 DUNAWAY Chapel Hill, N.C. History of Town Lots (1790-1930s) Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2014

      Deed transcripts for the town lots of Chapel Hill and adjoining land from 1790 to the 1930s, compiled by Stewart E. Dunaway. Each transcript keeps only the working facts: grantor and grantee, price, acreage and the metes and bounds of the parcel. Self-published in 2014 as Issue 1G, 702 pages with maps and facsimiles.

    In the chronology

    1. Quakers open a freedmen's school in Chapel Hill In 1866 Philadelphia Friends opened a school for Black children in Chapel Hill; by early 1867 it had been running more than half a year with 248 pupils, in a rented house while the freedpeople built a school and house of worship on a fifty-dollar lot the Friends had bought. The school, which came to stand on the land near West Franklin Street and Merritt Mill Road that Benjamin Craig and Green Cordal bought in 1866, merged into Orange County Training School in 1917. People: Green Cordal, Benjamin Craig
    2. Hackney's school on Merritt Mill Road is bought for a public training school Louis Hackney had opened his school for Black students on Merritt Mill Road in 1912. In 1916 the property was bought for a public training school for Black students, after Black residents raised $3,000 toward the purchase. People: Louis H. Hackney
    3. Robert and Mollie Malone open Orange County Training School on the old Hackney campus Principal Robert E. Malone, his wife Mollie Holmes Malone as domestic science teacher, and two other teachers began classes in academic, industrial and farm subjects at the county's new training school for Black students. Black residents had raised $3,000 toward the board's 1916 purchase of the Hackney campus on Merritt Mill Road.
    4. Orange County Training School enrolls 215 students Two years after it opened on the former Hackney campus in Chapel Hill, the county's training school for Black students had 215 enrolled.
    5. Orange County Training School burns On June 12, 1922, a kitchen fire started by boarders in the neighboring Flanner-Carr House destroyed the Orange County Training School building, the Flanner-Carr House and several outbuildings. Classes met in scattered places until a Rosenwald-funded brick school opened in Northside in 1924.
    6. Kennon Cheek helps negotiate the land swap that brought Hackney's school to Northside Cheek's daughter Marian Cheek Jackson said he was instrumental in negotiating the 1924 land swap that moved Hackney's Educational and Industrial School from South Merritt Mill Road into the Northside community.
    7. Orange County Training School opens a Rosenwald campus The Orange County Training School's new brick building for Black students rose on land given by Henry Strowd at the north end of Church Street in Northside, Chapel Hill. Its cornerstone was laid on Labor Day 1924 and it opened late that year; the Rosenwald Fund gave $1,500 of its $23,112 cost, Black residents $500.
    8. The county board moves $30,000 in building money to Efland and sets the order of its new schools The board shifted $15,000 each from the White Cross and Caldwell building funds to Efland, reasoning that Efland had the greater need, a local tax with an eight-month term, and a paved road for school trucks. It then fixed the building order as Efland, White Cross, Orange County Training School, Orange Grove and Caldwell.
    9. Annual benefit football games fund Chapel Hill's Black public health nurse From 1927 a yearly football game played by Black teams on Fetzer Field, sponsored by the University YMCA, raised money for the public health nurse serving Chapel Hill's Black community, a project run by the Community Club. The 1941 game involved the Orange County Training School and raised $275 net.
    10. A new Chapel Hill High School opens on Columbia Street Chapel Hill's new high school for white students, beside the Pittsboro road on what is now South Columbia Street, opened to classes on October 5, 1936, three weeks late. Built for $106,000 with Public Works Administration aid to plans by Atwood and Weeks, it came in the same federal program that built an addition at the Orange County Training School.
    11. Wartime day nursery opens for the children of Black working mothers in Chapel Hill and Carrboro A federally funded day nursery for Black children opened at the Orange County Training School, caring for thirty children aged two to six from 7:15 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. while their mothers worked. Parents paid for food, and by October 1944 two nursery schools were running, one in the Masonic building on the edge of Carrboro and one on Brooks Street.
    12. Orange County Training School is renamed Lincoln High School In March 1949 the Parent-Teachers Association of the Orange County Training School, Chapel Hill's school for Black students, voted to rename it Lincoln High School and sent the request to the superintendent and school board. By May 13, 1949, the Chapel Hill Weekly reported that the name had been changed. People: Charles A. McDougle
    13. Principal C. A. McDougle opens Lincoln High School's year under its new name The Chapel Hill Weekly reported that Lincoln High School, the town's school for Black students, would open at 8:30 a.m. on Monday, September 12, 1949, as announced by Principal C. A. McDougle. The faculty list printed with the notice includes elementary teacher Mrs. Lucille R. McDougle and high school teacher Reginald D. Smith.
    14. Lincoln High School opens on Merritt Mill Road In 1951 Lincoln High School, Chapel Hill's high school for Black students, moved from the old Orange County Training School building on Caldwell Street to a new building on Merritt Mill Road, and the old building became Northside Elementary. Lincoln used the Merritt Mill Road campus until 1966; the building is now the school district's Lincoln Center. People: Charles A. McDougle
    15. Hilliard Caldwell leads the Chapel Hill chapter of the New Farmers of America The Lincoln High School paper reported a prosperous 1954 to 1955 year for the chapter under Caldwell, its president, and printed his own account of the chapter's work.
    16. Hilliard Caldwell writes the Negro Community news column for the Chapel Hill News Leader Caldwell was named as correspondent at the head of the column, which carried news of Black Chapel Hill and asked Lincoln High School graduates to send in their college addresses for the next week's issue.
    17. Hubert Robinson is named Man of the Year After Robinson was re-elected alderman with the highest vote on the ticket, a group of Black citizens representing churches, fraternal organizations and civic clubs named him Man of the Year and gave a reception in his honor at the Lincoln High School gymtorium on June 11.
    18. Lincoln High prepares to open with sixteen teachers and about four hundred pupils In the Chapel Hill News Leader's back to school report, Principal C. A. McDougle said Lincoln High School would have sixteen teachers and that enrollment would probably reach 400, against 381 on the first day of the previous year. Two of the teachers were new that year.
    19. Lincoln High students picket Colonial Drug and sit in at the Bus Station Cafe The day after the sit-in, nearly 100 Black high school students picketed Colonial Drug after manager John Carswell roped off its booths, while others filled the counter at the Bus Station Cafe until proprietor Leo Eliadis closed it and were served standing at the Long Meadow Dairy Bar. People: Harold Foster, Hilliard Caldwell
    20. The Chapel Hill sit-in movement forms an executive committee and retains counsel At a Tuesday night meeting the Lincoln High demonstrators and their adult supporters organized, set up an executive committee to coordinate the lunch-counter protests and acquired legal counsel. People: Harold Foster, Hilliard Caldwell
    21. Lincoln High's football team wins an undefeated state championship Coach William D. Peerman's Lincoln High Tigers won the state 2-A football championship for Black high schools on November 22, 1961, beating previously unbeaten Ridgeview High of Hickory 22-0 to finish 12-0. The season was unbeaten but not unscored upon: Harnett High scored six points in the eastern title game. People: Charles A. McDougle
    22. James Brittian is expelled from Lincoln High School after a civil rights march Brittian, a student at the segregated Lincoln High School, was expelled for taking part in a civil rights protest march. He then became chairman of the Student Commission, a branch of the Chapel Hill Freedom Commission.
    23. Gloria Williams asks the school board to readmit boycotting Lincoln High students At the Chapel Hill school board meeting, Mrs. Gloria Williams, speaking for parents of students who had joined the Chapel Hill Freedom Committee's boycott of Lincoln High School, asked that all of them be readmitted. The board upheld the expulsion of two senior leaders, Henry Sanford and James Brittain, after Superintendent Howard Thompson said he would resign if they returned.
    24. Integrated Chapel Hill High opens on High School Road A new Chapel Hill High School campus opened on High School Road in 1966 as the town's first racially integrated high school, taking in the white student body from the Franklin Street school together with Lincoln High's students. Under freedom of choice the board had planned for white students to occupy the building a year before Black students joined, but Black students applied together for 1966 so that the school would not first be seen as belonging to the white students.
    25. Lincoln High School closes during integration Lincoln High on Merritt Mill Road, the Black high school led since 1946 by principal C. A. McDougle, stopped operating as a secondary school in 1966 and its students were reassigned to the new Chapel Hill High, completing the desegregation of the district's schools. McDougle became an assistant principal there and Lincoln's championship football coach William D. Peerman was made an assistant coach after a contested board vote; Lincoln's name, colors, mascot and much of its memorabilia were not carried over. People: Charles A. McDougle
    26. Chapel Hill High School graduates its first desegregated class The class of 1967 was the first to finish at the merged Chapel Hill High School. The school board then debated the fate of the empty Lincoln building through 1969 and 1970, and voted to keep it for school use after sustained objection from Black residents to selling it. People: Robert Campbell, Stella Nickerson
    27. A new Northside Elementary opened on the old Training School grounds The Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools opened a new Northside Elementary on the former Orange County Training School site. In 2012 neighbors had rallied to make sure the new school kept the Northside name.

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