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Local figure

Samuel Hancock

Samuel Hancock was a Hillsborough brickmason and brickmaker who gave John Berry his first paid work, on the Presbyterian church in 1815, and then worked with him on brick houses, churches and public buildings. After Hancock went bankrupt in 1834, Dr. James Webb bought his house and Abram, the man the Hancocks enslaved.

Source: NC State University Libraries, North Carolina Architects & Builders: Hancock, Samuel (1784-1848)

Orange County Indexed has not yet linked an indexed work directly to Samuel Hancock. The biography and the dated events on this page provide sources about Samuel Hancock’s life and work.

Life and Orange County connections

Storylines this person is part of, in date order. Each has its own page.

StorylineEagle Lodge and the Hillsborough Masonic Hall, 1788–18231788–1823 · 10 events · Eagle Lodge, silent since 1799, was revived at Hillsborough in 1819 and paid for its Masonic Hall with a lottery. Under a new number, 71, the lodge voted money toward a male academy in 1820, and from 1821 it ran a lottery, held over eleven years, to pay for a hall. In July 1823 commissioners advertised for proposals to build a brick hall, and the cornerstone was laid on November 23, 1823 at what is now 142 West King Street. The Greek Revival hall was designed by the state architect William Nichols and is believed built by John Berry and Samuel Hancock. The Grand Lodge restored the lodge's original number, 19, in 1932. StorylineHillsborough Presbyterian Church, 1815–18371815–1837 · 12 events · The first pastor of Hillsborough's Presbyterian church strained relations with his congregation by advocating religious education, Sunday schools and preaching for enslaved people. The brick church on West Tryon Street was built with money from a lottery the state authorized, and in September 1816 Mary W. Burke, eight others and the Rev. John Knox Witherspoon organized the church. In 1823 the session admonished two members for trading in enslaved people without punishing them. Witherspoon ended seventeen years as pastor in 1833. In 1834 six enslaved women were baptized, and in 1835 Robert Burwell began a thirteen-year pastorate; the church bought a manse, and a Sessions House was built for the Sunday school. StorylineSt. Matthew’s Episcopal Church, Hillsborough, 1823–18541823–1854 · 25 events · Hillsborough's Episcopalians built St. Matthew's on Thomas Ruffin's land after he argued against claiming the colonial parish's old church lot, then used by the Presbyterians. Organized on August 23, 1824 with William Mercer Green as first rector, the parish had John Berry and Samuel Hancock build its brick Gothic Revival church in 1825 and 1826 to William Nichols's design, and Bishop Ravenscroft consecrated it in 1826. Green married the parish register's first couple of color in 1831 and in 1833 baptized Job, enslaved by George W. B. Burgwyn, who as Job Berry later led Hillsborough's first Black congregation. A gallery for Black worshippers followed in 1835. Ruffin's deed formally conveyed the land in 1854.

Dated events connected with this person, in date order. See these 9 dated events in the chronology →

  1. A brick house is built on West Queen Street for Rhody Berry, mother of builder John Berry The one-and-a-half-story Federal house, the oldest surviving brick dwelling in the original town, was built about 1805 for Mrs. Rhody Berry. Tradition credits her son John Berry, but he was seven that year, and the 2014 nomination suggests neighbor Samuel Hancock, the brickmason who later became his partner. People: John Berry, Samuel Hancock Place: Berry Brick House, 208 West Queen Street, Hillsborough · Also named: Rhody BerrySearch the index · National Register: Hillsborough Historic District Additional Documentation (2014), pdf p. 151
  2. The Hillsborough Presbyterian Church is built on the old St. Matthew's church lot with lottery money The brick church on West Tryon Street was built in 1815 and 1816 near the site of the colonial St. Matthew's church, lost in the 1790s, with money raised by a lottery the state authorized. The brickmasons John Berry and Samuel Hancock are credited with the work. People: John Berry, Samuel Hancock Place: Hillsborough Presbyterian Church, 102 West Tryon Street, Hillsborough · Also mentions: St. Matthew's, West Tryon StreetSearch the index · Hillsborough Historic District National Register Additional Documentation (2014), pdf p. 174
  3. Samuel Hancock buys lots near the Eno for a brickyard With a $50 loan from Dr. James Webb, brickmason Samuel Hancock bought lots near the Eno River for a brickyard, which became known as the Webb-Hancock brickyard. Webb's 1842 bankruptcy papers say the two men ran it as partners. People: James Webb Place: Hillsborough · Also mentions: Eno RiverSearch the index · NC State University Libraries, North Carolina Architects & Builders: Hancock, Samuel (1784-1848)
  4. Samuel Hancock is elected a Hillsborough town commissioner Brickmason Samuel Hancock was elected a commissioner of the town of Hillsborough in place of Thomas Clancy, who had resigned. Place: Hillsborough · Also named: Thomas ClancySearch the index · Hillsborough Recorder, July 5, 1820, p. 2
  5. Brickmason Samuel Hancock joins the Hillsborough Presbyterian Church he helped build Samuel Hancock joined the Hillsborough Presbyterian Church on November 17, 1821, five years after his wife Susan. He rented a pew and gave toward the pastor's salary and a bell. Place: Hillsborough · Also named: Susan Richards Hancock · Also mentions: Hillsborough Presbyterian ChurchSearch the index · NC State University Libraries, North Carolina Architects & Builders: Hancock, Samuel (1784-1848)
  6. James S. Smith's building commission starts Hillsborough's brick Masonic Hall In July 1823 commissioners James S. Smith, Thomas Clancy and J. P. Sneed advertised in the Hillsborough Recorder for proposals to build a brick Masonic Hall in the town. The cornerstone was laid on November 23, 1823, for the Greek Revival hall designed by William Nichols and built by local brickmasons John Berry and Samuel Hancock. People: James Strudwick Smith, John Berry, William Nichols, Samuel Hancock Place: Hillsborough, Masonic Hall (Eagle Lodge) · Also named: Thomas Clancy, J. P. SneedSearch the index · Hillsborough Recorder, July 23, 1823, p. 3 (To Bricklayers and Carpenters)
  7. The cornerstone of Eagle Lodge's Masonic hall is laid on West King Street The cornerstone of the brick Masonic hall at 142 West King Street, designed by state architect William Nichols and believed built by brickmasons John Berry and Samuel Hancock, was laid on November 23, 1823. The lot was deeded to the lodge in 1824 after the building went up. People: John Berry, William Nichols, Samuel Hancock Place: Eagle Lodge, 142 West King Street, Hillsborough · Also mentions: West King StreetSearch the index · NC State Historic Preservation Office: Hillsborough Historic District Additional Documentation, National Register (OR0077ad, 2014), 142 W. King Street (Eagle Lodge No. 19 A.F. and A.M.)
  8. John Berry and Samuel Hancock build St. Matthew's Episcopal Church to William Nichols's design St. Matthew's, an early Gothic Revival church of Flemish-bond brick, was built in 1825-1826 by the local masons John Berry and Samuel Hancock to a design by William Nichols, who set its size at 35 by 45 feet. It replaced an earlier church at Churton and West Tryon streets that had burned in 1793. People: John Berry, William Nichols, Samuel Hancock Place: St. Matthew's Episcopal Church, 210 St. Mary's Road, HillsboroughSearch the index · NC State Historic Preservation Office: Hillsborough Historic District Additional Documentation, National Register (OR0077ad, 2014), 210 St. Mary's Road, St. Matthew's Episcopal Church
  9. Samuel Hancock goes bankrupt and Dr. James Webb buys his house and the enslaved man Abram In 1834 Samuel Hancock went bankrupt. Dr. James Webb bought the Hancocks' house and lot, their furniture and Abram, a man they enslaved, and rented all of them back to Hancock for $1 a year. People: James Webb Place: Hillsborough · Also named: AbramSearch the index · NC State University Libraries, North Carolina Architects & Builders: Hancock, Samuel (1784-1848)

Places in this person’s story

Buildings, schools, churches and other sites named in the dated events on this page, the most often named first. The map shows them all.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

All places and the county map →

People named in the same events

People named in the same dated entries as Samuel Hancock, those sharing the most entries first. Each line links one of the shared entries in the chronology, where its source is cited. A shared entry shows these people in the same event, not how well they knew each other.

Background on Slavery in Orange County

Background reading on Slavery in Orange County. These works cover the broader subject and may not discuss Samuel Hancock. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

Miss Mary's Money

Jones, H. G. · 2014 · McFarland & Co.

H. G. Jones follows the fortune of Mary Ruffin Smith (1814-1885), the unmarried heiress whose Orange and Chatham County lands passed at her death to the University of North Carolina and the Episcopal Church. Chapters profile her grandfather Francis Jones, then trace the bequest through a quarrel among Episcopalians over Price Creek, the Chapel of the Cross and the university's buildings. A December 1885 New York Times report called the gift money; Jones shows it was land. Published by McFarland in 2014, 231 pages.

To Free A Family

Nathans, Sydney · 2012 · Harvard University Press

Sydney Nathans's biography of Mary Walker, an enslaved woman from Orange County who escaped to the North in the mid nineteenth century and spent the following decades in Cambridge, Massachusetts, working to free the family she had left behind. Chapter titles trace her flight, her years among Northern friends, a rescue plot, a long silence, and the reunion that gives the book its close. Published 2012 by Harvard University Press, 330 pages with 20 pages of plates, illustrations and maps.

Reviewed in Choice Reviews Online (2012), Civil War Book Review (2012).

Descendants of Matthew McCauley

Neville, David Lindsay · 2001

David Lindsay Neville's genealogy of the descendants of Matthew McCauley (1750-1821), one of the landowners who gave land for the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The Lloyd and Neville families come into it as well, and Orange County genealogy is its field. Compiled in 2001.

Hogan genealogy: the descendants of Colonel John Hogan and Mary Lloyd Hogan of Orange County, NC and Montgomery County, TN / by Cleo Greer Hogan and Charles Edw

Hogan, Cleo G. · 1998 · C.G. Hogan and C.E. Hogan

Cleo Greer Hogan and Charles Edward Hogan's genealogy of the descendants of Colonel John Hogan (about 1745-1792) and Mary Lloyd Hogan of Orange County, North Carolina, and Montgomery County, Tennessee. Self-published in 1998 in one illustrated volume with various pagings, it follows the family from the Orange County Piedmont to Tennessee.

The Black family in slavery and freedom, 1750-1925

Gutman, Herbert G. (Herbert George), 1928-1985 · 1976 · Pantheon Books

Herbert G. Gutman's 1976 history of African American families from 1750 to 1925, published by Pantheon Books in New York, 664 pages with 38 leaves of plates. Its Orange County connection is the Bennehan and Cameron family plantations, Stagville and Fairntosh: the book discusses the people enslaved by Richard Bennehan (1743-1825) and the Camerons, and follows family ties among them under slavery and after emancipation. Subjects include African American families and enslaved persons in Orange County.

Reviewed in The Journal of Southern History (1977), The William and Mary Quarterly (1977), The American Historical Review (1977), Journal of American History (1977), The History Teacher (1977), Political Science Quarterly (1977), Journal of Black Psychology (1978), Journal of Social History (1978), Civil War history (1978), Signs (1978).

The Cameron Plantation in Central North Carolina (1776-1973) and Its Founder Richard Bennehan

Sanders, Charles Richard · 1974 · Sanders

Charles Richard Sanders's short history of the Cameron plantation in central North Carolina from 1776 to 1973 and of its founder Richard Bennehan, whose lands became Stagville and Fairntosh. It covers the Bennehan and Cameron families and their connection with the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Published by the author in Durham in 1974, 79 pages with a plate and illustrations.

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The Papers Of Willie Person Mangum

Mangum, Willie Person · 1950 · State Dept. of Archives and History

The papers of Willie Person Mangum, 1792 to 1861, a lawyer, judge and United States senator from the part of Orange County that later became Durham County. Five volumes of correspondence published by the State Department of Archives and History beginning in 1950, arranged by date from 1807 to 1894, with illustrations, portraits and folding maps. A source for antebellum North Carolina and national politics, the Whig Party and the Mangum family.

Reviewed in The Journal of Southern History (1951), Journal of American History (1951), The Journal of Southern History (1953), Journal of American History (1953), The Journal of Southern History (1954), The Journal of Southern History (1955), The Journal of Southern History (1957), Journal of American History (1957), The American Historical Review (1957).

Map of Orange County, N.C.

Tate, George W. · 1891 · George W. Tate

Facsimile, dated 1940, of George W. Tate's 1891 map of Orange County. It shows towns, roads, railroads such as the North Carolina Rail Road and the Chapel Hill line, residences, schools, churches, mills and mines, with portraits and pictures of buildings in the margins.

Walter Alves papers, 1771-1858, Orange County, North Carolina : also Kentucky and Tennessee.

Alves, Walter, 1768-1819 · 1993 · University Publications of America

University Publications of America issued this two reel microfilm edition in 1993, reproducing the Walter Alves papers of 1771 to 1858 with a printed reel guide. Alves, 1768 to 1819, was an Orange County landowner, and the material runs to real estate investment in North Carolina and Tennessee, Scottish American families, and letters with Richard Bennehan, William Boylan and John Wickham.

UNC

James Pleasant Mason diary, 1876-1893.

Mason, James Pleasant, 1827-1893 · 1876

Fifteen diary volumes kept by James Pleasant Mason (1827-1893) from 1876 to 1893, one linear foot in the Southern Historical Collection at UNC, collection 495. The diaries describe farm life and agriculture in nineteenth century North Carolina, the work of Baptist clergy under the Baptist State Convention, and social life and customs in Orange County, which is the diary's local tie.

UNC

Tintype collection, circa 1856-1900.

1856

Nineteen tintypes dated roughly 1856 to 1900 in the North Carolina Collection at UNC. The tintypes include portraits of African Americans in nineteenth century North Carolina, including enslaved people, along with families, the Roulhac family, Henry Speck Harris (1837-1863), Caesar Mills, and a soldier of the 6th North Carolina Infantry of the Confederate army. Commencement at Chapel Hill and the early University of North Carolina supply the local link.

UNC

Mary E. Strayhorn Berry papers, 1841-1944

Berry, Mary E. Strayhorn, 1854-1934 · 1841

About thirty items of Berry family papers dated 1841 to 1944, part of the Southern Historical Collection at UNC, collection 65-z. Mary E. Strayhorn Berry, 1854 to 1934, is the named creator. Topics include military life in Company G of the 27th North Carolina Infantry, bills of sale for enslaved people in Orange County, enslavers in the county, and social life around Hillsborough.

UNC

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