Skip to content

Storyline · 1920–1940

School dental clinics in Orange County, 1920–1940

From 1920 to 1940 Orange County schoolchildren received free or reduced-fee dental care through clinics backed by the State Board of Health, civic clubs and the Red Cross. In January 1920 state school dentist A. M. Schultz treated 75 children free at Chapel Hill High School, then set up a county clinic at Hillsboro. From about 1928 Dr. J. P. Jones ran a clinic for Chapel Hill school children for the Kiwanis Club. By May 1935 a clinic at the Chapel Hill school for Black children had treated 340 children, with Black residents raising $100 of its cost. From 1936 Dr. I. A. Daves of the State Board of Health toured the county's Black schools, reaching every one by 1940.

1920–1940 Filed under Health, Medicine & Care 7 dated events

In January 1920 the State Board of Health set up its school dental clinic at Chapel Hill High School, where state school dentist A. M. Schultz treated 75 children in a week, free. He then set up a county clinic in the courthouse at Hillsboro, free for children from 6 to 12. From about November 1928 Dr. J. P. Jones ran a clinic for Chapel Hill school children for the Kiwanis Club, which with $100 from the Red Cross paid reduced fees for pupils whose parents could not. In late January 1931 he began a clinic at the Carrboro school, giving his services while the Red Cross supplied materials. By May 1935 a clinic at the Chapel Hill school for Black children had treated 340 children. Black residents raised $100 of its cost, and white churches' missionary societies, the Kiwanis and Rotary clubs, the Spanish War Veterans and the Red Cross gave the rest. By October 9, 1936 Dr. I. A. Daves of the State Board of Health had begun a round of the county's 29 Black schools, treating children under twelve. By November 8, 1940 he had finished a seven-week program that reached every Black school in the county, examining 1,513 pupils and treating 471; health officer W. P. Richardson said it was the program's fourth year.

Towns
Chapel Hill, Hillsborough, Carrboro
Sites
4
People with pages
1

The events, date by date

Every statement above comes from these dated entries in the chronology. Each links to its source.

  1. The state school dental clinic treats Chapel Hill children free of charge The State Board of Health set up its school dental clinic at Chapel Hill High School, where state school dentist A. M. Schultz examined 80 children aged six to twelve and treated 75 in a week, including 272 amalgam fillings and 39 extractions. The work, which he valued at $801.50, was free, and he planned to go on to the county schools. Place: Chapel Hill High School, Chapel Hill · Also named: A. M. SchultzSearch the index · The News (Chapel Hill), January 29, 1920, p. 5
  2. The State Board of Health gives free dental care to Orange County schoolchildren A State Board of Health dental clinic at the Chapel Hill school examined 80 children early in 1920, found 75 with defective teeth and did about $800 of work at no cost to them. The dentist, Dr. Schultz, then set up a county clinic in the courthouse at Hillsboro, where any school child from 6 to 12 could have dental work done free; Efland pupils went on February 27 and 28, and he planned to visit other parts of the county. Place: Court house, Hillsboro; Chapel Hill school · Also named: Dr. Schultz · Also mentions: Chapel Hill schoolThe News (Chapel Hill), March 4, 1920, p. 5
  3. Kiwanis Club dental clinic treats Chapel Hill school children For four months from about November 1928 Dr. J. P. Jones ran a dental clinic for Chapel Hill school children for the Kiwanis Club, which with $100 from the Red Cross paid reduced fees for pupils whose parents could not. He reported on March 12, 1929, that he had made 217 fillings, 76 extractions and 93 cleanings and given away 100 toothbrushes. Place: Chapel Hill school, Chapel Hill · Also named: J. P. JonesSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, March 15, 1929, p. 5
  4. A free dental clinic for schoolchildren opens at the Carrboro school Dr. J. P. Jones, a Chapel Hill dentist, began holding a dental clinic at the Carrboro school under the sponsorship of the Kiwanis Club and the Red Cross, giving his services while the Red Cross supplied the materials. A Movie Guild benefit picture on February 22 raised money for Orange County poor relief and for the clinic. Place: Carrboro school, Carrboro · Also named: J. P. JonesSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, February 6, 1931, p. 8
  5. A dental clinic treats 340 children at Chapel Hill's school for Black children A dental clinic at the Chapel Hill school for Black children examined 456 children and treated 340, making 157 amalgam and 54 cement fillings and 245 extractions. Black residents raised $100 of the cost through a benefit concert, church circles and their parent-teacher association; women's missionary societies of three white churches, the Kiwanis and Rotary clubs, the Spanish War Veterans and the Red Cross gave the rest. Place: School for Black children, Chapel HillThe Chapel Hill Weekly, May 10, 1935, p. 6
  6. A state dental surgeon begins treating children in Orange County's 29 Black schools Dr. I. A. Daves of the State Board of Health's oral hygiene division began a round of the 29 Black schools in Orange County, talking to pupils about the care of their teeth and treating children under twelve. In his first two weeks he visited 7 rural schools, spoke to about 600 children and did 429 fillings, extractions, cleanings and other treatments. Place: Black schools, Orange County · Also named: I. A. DavesSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, October 9, 1936, p. 5
  7. A state dentist finishes a seven-week dental program in Orange County's Black schools Dr. I. A. Daves of the State Board of Health completed a seven-week program that reached every Black school in the county, examining 1,513 pupils and treating 471 of the neediest, with lessons on care of the teeth. Health officer W. P. Richardson said it was the fourth year of the program, which the district health department also ran in the white schools. People: William P. Richardson Place: Black schools of Orange County · Also named: I. A. DavesSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, November 8, 1940, p. 6

Places in this storyline

Buildings, schools, churches and other sites named in the dated events on this page, the most often named first. The map shows them all.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

All places and the county map →

People in this storyline

People with a page of their own whom the dated events above name, those named most often first.

Reading on the places and people in this storyline

No indexed work is about this storyline itself yet. These are about the sites and people its dated events name, those named most often first, so they may discuss the storyline only in part. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

About Chapel Hill High School · named in one of this story’s entries

Oral history interview with Barbara Lorie, February 26, 2001 interview K-0211, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007).

Lorie, Barbara · 2007 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Barbara Lorie, interviewed by Melissa Froemming for the Southern Oral History Program on February 26, 2001, recalls her career as a teacher and civil rights worker in Chapel Hill. After a year at Durham Academy she was hired by principal May Marshbanks to teach literature at the newly integrated Chapel Hill High School, where she tried unconventional classroom methods to bridge racial divisions among students. The interview runs one hour fifteen minutes. Electronic edition 2007, Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with Burnis Hackney, February 5, 2001: interview K-0547, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Hackney, Burnis · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Burnis Hackney entered Chapel Hill High School, newly integrated, in 1966, one of the first Black students there after Lincoln High School closed. In this Southern Oral History Program interview, recorded February 5, 2001, by Bob Gilgor, Hackney weighs his conviction that integration was right against what was lost when Lincoln's traditions were set aside, and how the merger played out for students. About an hour and a half. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with Gloria Register Jeter, December 23, 2000: interview K-0549, Southern Oral History Program (#4007)

Jeter, Gloria Register · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Gloria Register Jeter (born 1952) attended both segregated and integrated public schools of Chapel Hill and offers a critical view of how desegregation was carried out, in a Southern Oral History Program interview recorded December 23, 2000, by Bob Gilgor. Jeter argues that the merger of Lincoln High School into Chapel Hill High School cost the Black community its school traditions and institutions, and describes the student protests that followed. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with Joanne Peerman, February 24, 2001: interview K-0557, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Peerman, Joanne · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Joanne Peerman, a Chapel Hill native and the daughter of a well-known coach, was in one of the first classes to integrate Chapel Hill High School. In this Southern Oral History Program interview, recorded by Bob Gilgor in February 2001, she describes her schooling under segregation and after it, the last years of Lincoln High School, and the civil rights demonstrations that accompanied school integration. About an hour and a half; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

About Carrboro Elementary School · named in one of this story’s entries

Educational specifications for Carrboro Elementary School

Rosenstengel, William Everett, 1896-1958 · 1956 · University of North Carolina School of Education?

William E. Rosenstengel's report on what Carrboro Elementary School needed in classrooms, library and site layout, with a plan. Dated 1956, though May 1965 is also given. Part of North Carolina Memory.

Carrboro Elementary School, Carrboro, North Carolina.

1956 · Croft & Hammond, A.I.A.?

Croft and Hammond, architects of Asheboro, prepared this 1956 presentation of Carrboro Elementary School: ten unnumbered leaves of illustrations and plans at 22 by 28 centimeters. Topics include the school itself and elementary school buildings in Carrboro as pictorial works, which makes it a source for the design of the building as it was put up.

UNC

Contract documents for school construction and appurtenant work : Aycock School (white), Carrboro School (white), Chapel Hill school (Negro), Hillsboro School (Negro), Murphey School (white), Orange Grove School (white), St. Mary's School (white)

Atwood and Weeks, Inc., architects and engineers, H.D. Carter, associate · 1935 · Orange County Board of Education

Contract documents prepared in 1935 by the architects and engineers Atwood and Weeks, with H. D. Carter, for a Public Works Administration school-building program in Orange County, PWA project NC 1005, issued by the county Board of Education in Hillsboro. The title lists seven schools, five for white pupils, Aycock, Carrboro, Murphey, Orange Grove and St. Mary's, and two for Black pupils, at Chapel Hill and Hillsboro, in the period's own labels. 49 leaves plus 20 unnumbered.

UNC

Plumbing : contract documents for school construction and appurtenant work : Aycock School (white), Carrboro School (white), Chapel Hill school (Negro), Hillsboro School (Negro), Murphey School (white), Orange Grove School (white), St. Mary's School (white)

Atwood and Weeks, Inc., architects and engineers, H.D. Carter, associate · 1935 · Orange County Board of Education

Plumbing contract documents for a 1935 school construction program of the Orange County Board of Education, a Public Works Administration project numbered NC 1005, covering seven schools: Aycock, Carrboro, Murphey, Orange Grove and St. Mary's, designated for white pupils, and the Chapel Hill and Hillsboro schools, designated for Black pupils. Prepared by Atwood and Weeks, architects and engineers, with H. D. Carter, 39 leaves.

UNC

About Orange County Training School / Lincoln High School · named in one of this story’s entries

Oral history interview with Fred Battle, January 3, 2001: interview K-0525, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Battle, Fred · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Fred Battle grew up in Chapel Hill under segregation and describes that world in a Southern Oral History Program interview recorded January 3, 2001, by Bob Gilgor. He portrays the Black community of his youth as centered on the church and on Lincoln High School, recalls his schooling there, and tells of his college years in Greensboro and the civil rights demonstrations he joined there. Published online in 2006 by the UNC-Chapel Hill Library in Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with James Atwater, February 28, 2001: interview K-0201, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Atwater, James · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

James Atwater, born in 1932 into a family that had lived in Chapel Hill for generations, talked with Jennifer Nardone in February 2001. He describes the town's Black community between the 1930s and the 1950s: how neighbors dealt with one another in church, at school and in social life, and what schooling under segregation meant at Orange County Training School and Lincoln High School. About an hour and eighteen minutes; electronic edition from the UNC library, 2006, through Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with Raney Norwood, January 9, 2001: interview K-0556, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Norwood, Raney · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Raney Norwood was among the African American students who moved from Lincoln High School to the newly desegregated Chapel Hill High School. Interviewed by Bob Gilgor in January 2001, he recalls the traditions left behind at Lincoln, a hard first year at the new school, and the nonviolent protests students mounted to carry those traditions over. An Upward Bound math-science program also comes up. Runs about an hour and three quarters; electronic edition issued by the UNC library in 2006 through Documenting the American South.

Oral history interview with Rebecca Clark, June 21, 2000: interview K-0536, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)

Clark, Rebecca · 2006 · University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill

Interview recorded June 21, 2000 with Rebecca Clark (1915-2009), a Black Chapel Hill resident, for the Southern Oral History Program at UNC. Clark, educated in Chapel Hill's segregated schools, describes working life under segregation and the economic discrimination she met in it. Topics also include Lincoln High School, school integration, and Howard Lee, elected mayor of Chapel Hill in 1969. Interview K-0536 in collection #4007.

Wider background: Health, Medicine & Care · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it

Medicine at Chapel Hill

McLendon, William Woodard · 2012 · Dept. of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina

History of the Department of Medicine at the UNC School of Medicine, compiled by William W. McLendon and published by the department in 2012. After a section of historical perspective, the book covers the deans, founding faculty and department chairs, then the subspecialty divisions, offshoot departments, teaching and research, with appendices. Much of it is biographical, profiling the physicians who built clinical medicine in Chapel Hill. 478 pages with illustrations.

The School of Pharmacy of the University of North Carolina

Noble, Alice · 1961

Alice Noble's history of the School of Pharmacy at the University of North Carolina, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1961. It runs 237 pages with illustrations and portraits.

Legends and Legacies

Kagarise, Mary Jane · 1997 · Dept. of Surgery, UNC School of Medicine

Mary Jane Kagarise's history of the Department of Surgery at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill across its first four decades, 1952 to 1993, with biographies of the surgeons on its faculty. Published by the department in 1997 in a first edition of 461 pages with illustrations, some in color. Topics include surgery and medical colleges in Chapel Hill and biography of the department's faculty.

Reviewed in The American Journal of Surgery (1998).

Dreaming of a time: the School of Public Health : the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1939-1989

Korstad, Robert Rodgers · 1990

Robert Korstad's history of the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina over its first fifty years, 1939 to 1989, published by the university in 1990. It runs 192 pages with illustrations.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Norma Berryhill Lectures

Blythe, William Brevard ; Denny, Jr., Floyd W. ; McLendon, William Woodard · 2000 · Medical Foundation of North Carolina, Inc.

Two volumes collecting the Norma Berryhill Lectures, an annual address at the UNC School of Medicine named for the wife of its long-serving dean, W. Reece Berryhill. Volume one gathers the lectures from 1985 to 1999, edited by Floyd W. Denny, Jr., William B. Blythe and William W. McLendon; volume two, edited by McLendon and Elizabeth B. Dreesen, continues through 2008. Published by the Medical Foundation of North Carolina, with illustrations and portraits.

Obstetrics and gynecology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill : the first half century

2000

Departmental history of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill covering its first fifty years, published by the department in 2000. The history covers medical schools, medical education and the teaching of obstetrics in North Carolina. First edition, xvii and 366 pages with illustrations and portraits.

Show 6 more

A record of the war activities in Orange County, North Carolina, 1917-1919

Cameron, Annie Sutton · 2002 · Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Annie Sutton Cameron compiled this account of Orange County's part in the First World War in 1919 as historian for the county's Council of Defense, at the request of its chairman J.S. Webb. It covers the Council and the Home Guard, drives for war bonds and overseas relief, Red Cross work, patriotic observances, the influenza epidemic and women's war work, with registers of the county's soldiers. Published online in 2002 by the UNC library in Documenting the American South's North Carolinians and the Great War.

Self-study summary report

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · 1975

Summary of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's twelve-volume institutional self-study, edited by C. Hugh Holman and dated January 15, 1974, issued in 1975. Topics include the university's accreditation, history and statistics, including the School of Public Health. ix and 546 pages with charts, some folded.

The University of North Carolina School of Public Health relates to the needs of a changing society : a selective and interpretive account with emphasis on the decade of the sixties

Mayes, William Fred · 1975 · University of North Carolina, School of Public Health

William Fred Mayes traces the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and its response to a changing society, with emphasis on the 1960s. The title page describes the account as selective and interpretive rather than complete. Published by the school in 1975, 68 pages with illustrations. Topics include schools of public health in Chapel Hill and their history.

The good doctor and other selections from the essays and addresses of William de Berniere MacNider

MacNider, William de Berniere, 1881-1951 · 1953

Selections from the essays and addresses of William de Berniere MacNider, pharmacologist and physician at the University of North Carolina, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1953, two years after his death. Includes a portrait and a list of his publications.

Carolina Nursing through the decades: a historic timeline

2025 · The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing

An illustrated online timeline of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, issued by the school in 2025. One page with portraits.

Progress and protests : UNC-Chapel Hill leaders during "the Long Sixties" (1957-1972) : covering chancellors William Brantley Aycock, Paul F. Sharp, and J. Carlyle Sitterson

Roundtree, Lynn · 2024 · Lynn Roundtree

Lynn Roundtree covers the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill between 1957 and 1972 through its three chancellors, William Brantley Aycock, Paul F. Sharp and J. Carlyle Sitterson, set against the student movements of those years. Part of the Coates university leadership series, published by the author in 2024 and running to 926 pages. It is twentieth century campus history.

UNC

Research this storyline

Each dated event above names its source, the place to start. For finding more on an event across newspapers, records and histories, see the research guide Follow an event across several accounts. Ask at the North Carolina Room of the Orange County Public Library for help with local sources.

Cite or share

Friends of the Orange County Public Library. “School dental clinics in Orange County, 1920–1940.” Orange County Indexed, https://focplnc.org/orange-county-books/storylines/school-dental-clinics-storyline-1920/. Accessed October 22, 2026.

How to cite what you find

Suggest a correction or a source →

See these events in the full chronology All storylines

Two mice reading back to back against a leaf, with the hand-lettered words Friends of the Orange County Public Library
Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026