In the summer of 1877 the university hosted a statewide Summer Normal School, set up by the General Assembly that March to train white teachers for the common schools; President Kemp Battle and the Board of Education admitted white women to its classes, though state money could not be spent on them. The eighth and last session, from June 17 to July 17, 1884, enrolled 305 teachers, and Battle counted 2,480 enrollments from 1877 through 1884. In 1894 the university opened a four-week Summer School for Teachers and Students under Edwin A. Alderman, open to both sexes for a $5 fee, which enrolled seventy-five. On June 12, 1900, by Battle's account, it opened its first twelve-week summer term of regular courses counting toward a degree, alongside the Summer School for Teachers. In March 1904 the county school board accepted Dr. Venable's offer to admit Orange teachers to the summer school and tied their pay to the July examination, and the News counted more than thirty Orange teachers when the session opened in Gerrard Hall on June 13. By April 1905 the trustees' executive committee had decided to hold no summer school for teachers that year. N. W. Walker, professor of secondary education, revived the summer school in 1907 and directed it for twenty-seven years.
Reading on the places and people in this storyline
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Report of Hon. Kemp P. Battle, President of the University of N.C. on the state of the University and the Normal School.
Battle, Kemp P. · 1878 · Daily and Weekly News Steam Book and Job Print
University president Kemp P. Battle's report to the trustees, dated January 15, 1878, on the condition of the University of North Carolina and on the 1877 session of its normal school, held in Chapel Hill to train teachers. Includes a report by secretary Dugger and a list of the normal students with their post offices. Printed in Raleigh by the Daily and Weekly News steam book and job print, 31 pages, online.
Report of Hon. Kemp P. Battle, President of the University of N.C. on the State of the University and the Normal School [1878]
University of North Carolina (1793-1962) · 1878 · University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Report by Kemp P. Battle, president of the University of North Carolina, on the state of the university and the Normal School, dated 1878 and printed at Chapel Hill. Part of DigitalNC's North Carolina Yearbooks collection.
Report on the winter "Summer School" held at the University of North Carolina, January 19 to March 2, 1941
Leavitt, Sturgis E. (Sturgis Elleno), 1888-1976 · 1941 · S.E. Leavitt
Sturgis E. Leavitt reports, on 9 April 1941, on the winter session the University of North Carolina held from 19 January to 2 March of that year, a summer school run out of season. It deals with the university's Inter-American Institute and with foreign students at Chapel Hill. Printed by Leavitt himself.
U.N.C. Summer School Group -- 1909
1907
Real photo postcard of a University of North Carolina summer school class posed on the steps of Alumni Hall, the men in suits and the women in long dresses. The caption gives 1909, while a pencil note on the back reads 1907 to 1912.
Francis Preston Venable of the University of North Carolina
Bursey, Maurice M. · 1989 · Chapel Hill Historical Society
Maurice M. Bursey's biography of Francis Preston Venable (1856 to 1934), chemist and president of the University of North Carolina, published by the Chapel Hill Historical Society in 1989. It also covers the history of the university's chemistry department. Illustrated, 111 pages, with bibliographies.
Reviewed in Isis (1992).
The University of North Carolina, 1900-1930 : the making of a modern university
Wilson, Louis Round, 1876-1979 · 1957 · University of North Carolina Press
Louis Round Wilson's history of the University of North Carolina between 1900 and 1930, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1957 with illustrated endpapers. Wilson, long the university librarian, follows the presidencies of Francis Preston Venable, Edward Kidder Graham and Harry Woodburn Chase.
Venable Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Graycraft Card Co. (Danville, Va.) · 1915 · Danville, Va.: Graycraft Card Co
Venable Hall at the University of North Carolina, dedicated in 1925 and named for chemistry professor and university president Francis Preston Venable, on a black and white Graycraft Card Co. postcard with a white border. Undated, from the Ellen Payne Odom Genealogy Library Postcard Collection.
Venable, Alderman, Graham, Battle at Graham's Inauguration
1915
Four University of North Carolina presidents, Francis P. Venable, Edwin A. Alderman, Edward Kidder Graham and Kemp Plummer Battle, pose together at Graham's inauguration in this real photo postcard of 1915. Mailed to R. H. Lewis in Raleigh, it bears a short greeting from K.P.B. and an April 1915 postmark.
Memories of an Old-Time Tar Heel
Battle, Kemp Plummer · 1945
Kemp Plummer Battle's memoir, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1945, 296 pages with plates and portraits. Battle, a lawyer, state treasurer and president of the university from 1876 to 1891, recalls North Carolina manners, customs and public life across the nineteenth century, with Chapel Hill and the university's reopening after Reconstruction at the center.
Reviewed in Journal of American History (1946), The Journal of Southern History (1946).
An address on the history of the buildings of the University of North Carolina
Battle, Kemp P. · 2005
Kemp P. Battle's University Day address of 1883, delivered as president of the University of North Carolina on the day marking the laying of the Old East cornerstone. Battle goes building by building through the Chapel Hill campus, telling how each was named and why it stands where it does. Fifteen pages. Electronic edition issued 2005 by the UNC University Library for Documenting the American South.
Map of Orange County, N.C.
Tate, George W. · 1891 · George W. Tate
Facsimile, dated 1940, of George W. Tate's 1891 map of Orange County. It shows towns, roads, railroads such as the North Carolina Rail Road and the Chapel Hill line, residences, schools, churches, mills and mines, with portraits and pictures of buildings in the margins.
All citizens interested in the defense of America are invited to a public meeting 8 p.m. Thursday, June 6, Gerrard Hall : speech by Kemp Battle
1940
A printed notice announcing a public meeting at Gerrard Hall on the University of North Carolina campus at 8 p.m. on Thursday, June 6, 1940, with a speech by Kemp Battle, held under the auspices of the Chapel Hill branch of the Committee to Defend America by Aid to the Allies. The meeting fell in the weeks after Dunkirk, as France was falling.
Wider background: Schools & Education · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it
William Friday
Link, William A. · 1995
Biography of William C. Friday, president of the University of North Carolina system, by historian William A. Link, published by UNC Press in 1995 with the subtitle power, purpose, and American higher education. It covers Friday's career and the history of the university at Chapel Hill and statewide. Part of the Rebecca B. Wall Local History Collection.
The Woman Who Rang the Bell: The Story of Cornelia Spencer Phillips
Russell, Charles Phillips · 1949
Charles Phillips Russell's biography of Cornelia Phillips Spencer (1825-1908), the Chapel Hill writer remembered for ringing the bell of South Building when the university reopened in 1875 after its closure during Reconstruction. It doubles as a history of Chapel Hill and the university. Published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1949, 293 pages with illustrations.
Reviewed in Journal of American History (1949).
Hark the Sound of Tar Heel Voices
Barefoot, Daniel W. · 2008
Daniel W. Barefoot arranges first-hand recollections of the University of North Carolina by decade, from the 'infant university' of the 1790s through the Civil War years when promise turned to despair, the rebuilding of the 1870s, the 'frosh' life of the 1880s, wartime fame in the 1940s, the controversies of the 1960s and the bicentennial of the 1990s. Thomas Wolfe's student years appear among the voices. Published by John F. Blair of Winston-Salem in 2008, 257 pages.
The Story of the Institute of Government, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Coates, Albert McKinley · 1981
Albert Coates's own account of the Institute of Government at the University of North Carolina, which he founded, subtitled 'out of a classroom in Chapel Hill' and published in 1981. The 303 pages trace the institute's history and its role in educating North Carolina's public officials.
Blood on the Old Well
Emery, Sarah Watson · 1963
Sarah Watson Emery's 1963 book on the University of North Carolina, concerned with communism on the Chapel Hill campus and with academic freedom in 1960 and 1961. Published by Prospect House in Dallas, 240 pages with illustrations.
Horace Williams
Winston, Sr., Robert Watson · 1942 · The University of North Carolina press
Robert Watson Winston's biography of Henry Horace Williams (1858-1940), who taught philosophy at the University of North Carolina for half a century, subtitled gadfly of Chapel Hill. Published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1942, 309 pages with frontispiece and portraits; this copy is autographed. Topics include educators in Chapel Hill and the university's history.
Reviewed in Social Forces (1943).
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To Drink from the Well: The Struggle for Racial Equality at the Nation’s Oldest University
Kapur, Geeta · 2021
Geeta Kapur's history of race at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, from the enslaved labor that built the campus through desegregation and the Black student protests that followed. Twelve chapters, with a foreword by William Barber II, move from the founding era and the Great Depression controversies to the state's response to integration and the turmoil of later decades; North Carolina Central University also figures. Published 2021 by Blair in Durham.
Communists on Campus
Billingsley, William J. · 1999 · University of Georgia Press
William J. Billingsley's history of the Speaker Ban Law, the 1963 North Carolina statute that barred known Communists from speaking on state campuses, and the fight over it at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. The subtitle sets the scope: race, politics and the public university in sixties North Carolina. It treats academic freedom, anti-communist movements and free speech in the state. University of Georgia Press, 1999, 308 pages with eight pages of plates.
Reviewed in Academe (2000), The American Historical Review (2001), The Journal of Southern History (2001), Journal of American History (2001), The Journal of Politics (2001).
Frank Porter Graham and the 1950 Senate Race in North Carolina
Pleasants, Julian M.; Burns, Augustus M., III · 1990 · UNC Press
Julian M. Pleasants and Augustus M. Burns III on the 1950 Democratic Senate primary in North Carolina, in which Frank Porter Graham, the former president of the University of North Carolina, lost to Willis Smith after a campaign marked by race-baiting. Primaries, elections and race relations in the state are its subjects. Published by UNC Press in 1990, 356 pages with illustrations.
Reviewed in Choice Reviews Online (1991), The American Historical Review (1991), Journal of American History (1991), The Journal of Southern History (1992).
Old Days in Chapel Hill
Chamberlain, G. Hope Summerell · 1926
Hope Summerell Chamberlain's life and letters of Cornelia Phillips Spencer (1825 to 1908), published in 1926, which doubles as a picture of Chapel Hill and the university in the nineteenth century. It runs 325 pages with illustrations and portraits.
Fire and Stone: The Making of the University of North Carolina under Presidents Edward Kidder Graham and Harry Woodburn Chase
Covington, Jr., Howard E. · 2018
Howard E. Covington Jr.'s history of how the University of North Carolina took shape under Presidents Edward Kidder Graham (1876 to 1918) and Harry Woodburn Chase (1883 to 1955), published by the University Library in 2018. The 528-page account covers campus history in the early twentieth century and includes portraits.
Reviewed in The Journal of Southern History (2020).
NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.
