Skip to content

Storyline · 1881–1889

The University's state money, 1881–1889

In 1881, according to Lefler and Wager, the General Assembly voted the university its first regular appropriation for maintenance, and within a few years the university both gained and lost state money. An 1885 act added $15,000 a year, and the trustees enlarged the faculty from nine to fifteen. In 1887, after a campaign led by Leonidas L. Polk, the General Assembly took the university's $7,500 yearly land-scrip interest for a separate Agricultural and Mechanical College at Raleigh. The university dropped pedagogics, mining engineering and other courses, and unable to pay the chairs added in 1885, the trustees let three professors go in 1888. In 1889 William Cain's election let the faculty begin teaching civil engineering.

1881–1889 Filed under UNC & Campus Life 9 dated events

University president Kemp P. Battle, portrait published in 1912
University president Kemp P. Battle, portrait published in 1912Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, volume II, 1912; Internet Archive · Public domain · Source

In 1881, according to Lefler and Wager, the General Assembly voted the university its first regular appropriation for maintenance, secured under President Kemp Battle. In 1885 an act introduced by Lee S. Overman added $15,000 a year, a net gain of $13,000 because the $2,000 normal school grant went to other schools. That June the trustees enlarged the faculty from nine to fifteen, among the new men William B. Phillips for agricultural chemistry and mining and James Lee Love for mathematics, and with the new appropriation they filled a chair of the science and art of teaching with Nelson B. Henry of Missouri. At the start of the 1885-86 year the university dropped its preparatory classes in Latin and Greek. An act of 1887 let students who agreed to teach two years in the state attend without tuition. The same General Assembly, after a campaign led by Leonidas L. Polk, took the $7,500 yearly land-scrip interest (the income from its federal land-grant fund) from the university for a separate Agricultural and Mechanical College at Raleigh, leaving it $20,000 a year, and the university dropped pedagogics, mining engineering, animal breeding and practical horticulture. Unable to pay the chairs added in 1885, the trustees let Phillips, Henry and George F. Atkinson go in the summer of 1888 and kept Love one more year. In 1889 they elected William Cain to succeed Ralph H. Graves, which let the faculty begin teaching civil engineering at little added cost.

Towns
Chapel Hill
People with pages
7

The events, date by date

Every statement above comes from these dated entries in the chronology. Each links to its source.

  1. The General Assembly makes its first regular appropriation to the university In 1881 the General Assembly voted the university its first regular appropriation for maintenance, secured under President Kemp Battle. Until then the state had given no specific money for its upkeep. People: Kemp Plummer Battle Place: Chapel HillSearch the index · Lefler and Wager, Orange County, 1752-1952 (1953), p. 150
  2. The General Assembly adds $15,000 a year to the university's support An Act for the Maintenance of the University, introduced by Lee S. Overman and passed by the House 58 to 32, added $15,000 a year, payable quarterly. Because the $2,000 normal school grant was moved to other schools, the net gain was $13,000, and the act also ended the rule that county scholarship students must teach. People: Kemp Plummer Battle, Lee S. Overman Place: Chapel HillSearch the index · Documenting the American South: Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, vol. II (1912), p. 307
  3. The university drops its preparatory classes in Latin and Greek At the start of the 1885-86 year the University of North Carolina discontinued its preparatory classes in Latin and Greek, although the change shut out many poorly prepared students. Its catalogue for the year also announced four-year courses in the main subjects, more laboratory and field work, and graduate instruction in every department. Place: University of North Carolina, Chapel HillSearch the index · Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), June 5, 1886, p. 2
  4. The trustees elect Nelson B. Henry to a new chair of the science and art of teaching Using the new appropriation, the trustees filled a chair of the science and art of teaching with Nelson B. Henry of Missouri, and the university opened a normal department with a teachers' course. Winston later called it the first chair of pedagogy in North Carolina or any Southern university. Place: Chapel Hill · Also named: Nelson B. HenrySearch the index · Documenting the American South: Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, vol. II (1912), p. 334
  5. The trustees enlarge the faculty from nine to fifteen Meeting in Raleigh, the trustees chose from several hundred applicants Thomas Hume for English, Walter D. Toy for modern languages, William B. Phillips for agricultural chemistry and mining and James Lee Love for mathematics. A faculty circular then announced postgraduate courses toward the A.M., Ph.M. and Ph.D., free of tuition to graduates of any college. People: Thomas Hume, James Lee Love, William Battle Phillips Place: Chapel Hill · Also named: Walter D. ToySearch the index · Documenting the American South: Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, vol. II (1912), p. 333
  6. The General Assembly gives free university tuition to future teachers An act of 1887 let North Carolina students who agreed to teach two years in the state attend the university without tuition. By 1931 almost every prospective high school teacher at Chapel Hill used it, saving $75 a year, and the consolidation survey urged its repeal. Place: University of North Carolina, Chapel HillSearch the index · Commission on University Consolidation, Report of Commission on University Consolidation (1932), scan p. 50
  7. The legislature moves the land-grant income from the university to a new A. and M. College After a campaign led by Leonidas L. Polk, the General Assembly of 1887 took the $7,500 yearly land-scrip interest from the university for a separate Agricultural and Mechanical College at Raleigh, leaving the university $20,000 a year. A House bill to cut that to $12,500 was tabled, and the university dropped pedagogics, mining engineering, animal breeding and practical horticulture. People: Kemp Plummer Battle Place: Chapel Hill · Also named: Leonidas L. PolkSearch the index · Documenting the American South: Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, vol. II (1912), p. 375
  8. The university lets go its new professors of mining, teaching and biology With the land-grant income moved to the new A. and M. College, the trustees could not pay the chairs added in 1885. William B. Phillips (mining and metallurgy), Nelson B. Henry (pedagogy) and George F. Atkinson (biology) left in the summer of 1888, and Love, assistant professor of mathematics, was kept one more year. People: William Battle Phillips, George Francis Atkinson, James Lee Love Place: UNC, Chapel Hill · Also named: Nelson B. HenrySearch the index · James Lee Love, Recollections (1920-1921), scan p. 247
  9. William Cain is elected to head mathematics and engineering To succeed Ralph H. Graves the trustees elected William Cain of the South Carolina Military Academy, an author on bridge building, which let the faculty begin teaching civil engineering at little added cost. People: Ralph Henry Graves (1851-1889) Place: Chapel Hill · Also named: William Cain, Ralph H. GravesSearch the index · Documenting the American South: Kemp P. Battle, History of the University of North Carolina, vol. II (1912), p. 452 · Also: Catalogue of the University of North Carolina, 1889-90

People in this storyline

People with a page of their own whom the dated events above name, those named most often first.

Reading on the places and people in this storyline

No indexed work is about this storyline itself yet. These are about the sites and people its dated events name, those named most often first, so they may discuss the storyline only in part. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

About Kemp Plummer Battle · named in 3 of this story’s entries

Memories of an Old-Time Tar Heel

Battle, Kemp Plummer · 1945

Kemp Plummer Battle's memoir, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1945, 296 pages with plates and portraits. Battle, a lawyer, state treasurer and president of the university from 1876 to 1891, recalls North Carolina manners, customs and public life across the nineteenth century, with Chapel Hill and the university's reopening after Reconstruction at the center.

Reviewed in Journal of American History (1946), The Journal of Southern History (1946).

An address on the history of the buildings of the University of North Carolina

Battle, Kemp P. · 2005

Kemp P. Battle's University Day address of 1883, delivered as president of the University of North Carolina on the day marking the laying of the Old East cornerstone. Battle goes building by building through the Chapel Hill campus, telling how each was named and why it stands where it does. Fifteen pages. Electronic edition issued 2005 by the UNC University Library for Documenting the American South.

Map of Orange County, N.C.

Tate, George W. · 1891 · George W. Tate

Facsimile, dated 1940, of George W. Tate's 1891 map of Orange County. It shows towns, roads, railroads such as the North Carolina Rail Road and the Chapel Hill line, residences, schools, churches, mills and mines, with portraits and pictures of buildings in the margins.

Report of Hon. Kemp P. Battle, President of the University of N.C. on the state of the University and the Normal School.

Battle, Kemp P. · 1878 · Daily and Weekly News Steam Book and Job Print

University president Kemp P. Battle's report to the trustees, dated January 15, 1878, on the condition of the University of North Carolina and on the 1877 session of its normal school, held in Chapel Hill to train teachers. Includes a report by secretary Dugger and a list of the normal students with their post offices. Printed in Raleigh by the Daily and Weekly News steam book and job print, 31 pages, online.

About James Lee Love · named in 2 of this story’s entries

Recollections : written in the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Love, James Lee, 1860-1950 · 1921 · [S.l. : s.n.

James Lee Love's recollections, written at the Library of Congress in 1920 and 1921. The 320 pages touch on his Gaston County roots, the University at Chapel Hill, Harvard and its Lawrence Scientific School, and his wife, Julia Spencer Love.

Archaeological Investigations at the James Lee Love House on the University of North Carolina campus, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Boudreaux, Edmond A., III, 1971- · 2004 · Research Laboratories of Archaeology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Report by Edmond A. Boudreaux III on archaeological work at the James Lee Love House on the University of North Carolina campus, issued in 2004 by the Research Laboratories of Archaeology at Chapel Hill. It runs to vi and 109 pages with illustrations, maps and portraits. Topics include Chapel Hill antiquities, university buildings and town history, so the report documents what the excavation found.

UNC

Cornelia Phillips Spencer papers, 1833-1975 (bulk 1839-1942).

Spencer, Cornelia Phillips, 1825-1908 · 1839

Cornelia Phillips Spencer (1825-1908), the Chapel Hill writer, is the subject of papers running 1833 to 1975 with the bulk from 1839 to 1942, about 6,700 items in ten linear feet in the Southern Historical Collection at UNC, collection 683. Diaries and albums are named among the material. Topics include James and Judith Vermeule Phillips, Julia Spencer Love and James Lee Love, mothers and daughters, Reconstruction in North Carolina, and American women authors of the nineteenth century.

UNC
Wider background: UNC & Campus Life · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it

Carolina Basketball: A Century of Excellence

Lucas, Adam · 2010 · University of North Carolina Press

Adam Lucas marks one hundred years of basketball at the University of North Carolina in this illustrated history, published by UNC Press in 2010 in association with the athletics department. Chapters follow the program from the game's arrival on campus and the 'White Phantoms' of the Southern Conference through the founding of the ACC, the 1957 season, Dean Smith's changes to the game and the title seasons of 1982, 1993, 2005 and 2009, closing with a century of statistics. 289 pages.

The Blue Divide: Duke, North Carolina, and the Battle on Tobacco Road

Moore, Johnny; Chansky, Art · 2014 · Triumph Books

The Duke and North Carolina basketball rivalry written together by Johnny Moore and Art Chansky, the latter a sports reporter who has followed it since his student days at UNC. The book opens with the 2014 season and moves through recruiting battles old and new, 'Black and Blue Sunday', 'Blood and Roses', and chapters on the rivalry's heroes, leaders and teachers, with a foreword by Jay Bilas and a photo gallery. Published by Triumph Books in 2014, 289 pages.

Miss Mary's Money

Jones, H. G. · 2014 · McFarland & Co.

H. G. Jones follows the fortune of Mary Ruffin Smith (1814-1885), the unmarried heiress whose Orange and Chatham County lands passed at her death to the University of North Carolina and the Episcopal Church. Chapters profile her grandfather Francis Jones, then trace the bequest through a quarrel among Episcopalians over Price Creek, the Chapel of the Cross and the university's buildings. A December 1885 New York Times report called the gift money; Jones shows it was land. Published by McFarland in 2014, 231 pages.

The Chronicles of the Bicentennial Observance of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Tepper, Steven J. · 1998

Steven J. Tepper's chronicle of how the University of North Carolina marked its bicentennial in 1993 and 1994. An appendix reprints the University Day speeches of October 12, 1993, given by Paul Hardin, James B. Hunt Jr., C.D. Spangler, William C. Friday, Charles Kuralt and President Bill Clinton, plus bicentennial addresses by Li Lu, Francis S. Collins and Richard J. Richardson. Published by the university in Chapel Hill, 1998; 284 pages.

Show 6 more

William Friday

Link, William A. · 1995

Biography of William C. Friday, president of the University of North Carolina system, by historian William A. Link, published by UNC Press in 1995 with the subtitle power, purpose, and American higher education. It covers Friday's career and the history of the university at Chapel Hill and statewide. Part of the Rebecca B. Wall Local History Collection.

Chapel Hill in Plain Sight

Athas, Daphne · 2010 · Eno Publishers

Twelve essays by novelist Daphne Athas (1923-2020) on the Chapel Hill she knew across the twentieth century. Subjects include Carrboro as 'the Paris of the Piedmont', philosopher Horace Williams, Betty Smith writing in Chapel Hill, Junius Scales, Ab Abernethy and the Intimate Bookshop, Richard Wright's visit, and a set of Chapel Hill murders. Published 2010, 243 pages with illustrations.

What it means to be a Tar Heel: Roy Williams and North Carolina's greatest players

Fowler, Scott · 2010 · Triumph Books

Scott Fowler gathers recollections from Carolina basketball players, decade by decade from the 1950s to the 2000s, organized around Roy Williams and the question in the title. Contributors include Lennie Rosenbluth, Larry Brown, Billy Cunningham, Charlie Scott, Phil Ford, James Worthy, Brad Daugherty, Eric Montross, Vince Carter, Antawn Jamison, Raymond Felton and Sean May, each entry giving position and playing years. Published 2010 by Triumph Books of Chicago, 270 pages, here as an e-book.

The Campus of the First State University

Henderson, Archibald · 1949

Archibald Henderson's history of the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, its buildings and grounds from the founding in the 1790s onward. Henderson, a professor of mathematics and a prolific historian of the university, wrote it in the years around the university's sesquicentennial. Published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1949, 412 pages with illustrations and bibliographical footnotes.

Reviewed in The Journal of Southern History (1949), South Atlantic Quarterly (1950).

The Woman Who Rang the Bell: The Story of Cornelia Spencer Phillips

Russell, Charles Phillips · 1949

Charles Phillips Russell's biography of Cornelia Phillips Spencer (1825-1908), the Chapel Hill writer remembered for ringing the bell of South Building when the university reopened in 1875 after its closure during Reconstruction. It doubles as a history of Chapel Hill and the university. Published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1949, 293 pages with illustrations.

Reviewed in Journal of American History (1949).

Research this storyline

Each dated event above names its source, the place to start. For finding more on an event across newspapers, records and histories, see the research guide Follow an event across several accounts. Ask at the North Carolina Room of the Orange County Public Library for help with local sources.

Cite or share

Friends of the Orange County Public Library. “The University's state money, 1881–1889.” Orange County Indexed, https://focplnc.org/orange-county-books/storylines/unc-state-money-storyline-1881/. Accessed October 22, 2026.

How to cite what you find

Suggest a correction or a source →

See these events in the full chronology All storylines

Two mice reading back to back against a leaf, with the hand-lettered words Friends of the Orange County Public Library
Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026