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Storyline · 1893–1964

Hillsborough's roller mill, 1893–1964

When a contractor razed Walker Milling Co.'s three-story landmark on Court Square in 1964 to clear the lot for parking, historical groups asked the commissioners to save it, but by a split vote they agreed only to buy its old handmade bricks for resale. The story began in 1893, when Jackson Crabtree's new Hillsboro Roller Mills started turning out flour. In 1900 the Hillsboro Milling and Manufacturing Company organized under Dr. C. D. Jones, and Crabtree later sold it the old river mill. By 1917 Houston J. Walker and his brother had bought the roller mill. In 1963 Charles M. Walker Jr. said he would close the business, and the commissioners bought the mill and its lot for $25,000.

1893–1964 Filed under Work, Labor & Industry 7 dated events

On October 21, 1893 the Hillsboro Roller Mills, a new flour mill owned by Jackson Crabtree, started its machinery, and its first run turned out three grades of flour. In August 1900 the Hillsboro Milling and Manufacturing Company organized under Dr. C. D. Jones as president and received a state charter with $10,000 in capital stock. It planned a roller mill and a shuttle-block factory in the Webbs' brick building east of the courthouse, and by early 1901 it had put in a corn mill and was buying wheat. By March 1906 Crabtree had sold the company the old river mill, which it kept running with Charles A. Whitaker as manager. By May 31, 1917 Houston J. Walker and his brother had bought the roller mill at Hillsboro. On July 24, 1963 Charles M. Walker Jr., who had bought the business from his father and uncle after World War II, said he would close Walker Milling Co. in its three-story landmark on Court Square. On August 5 the commissioners bought the mill and its lot for $25,000. In December 1964 a Wilmington contractor razed the building to clear the lot for parking; historical groups asked the commissioners to save it, but by a split vote they agreed only to buy the old handmade bricks for resale.

Towns
Hillsborough
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The events, date by date

Every statement above comes from these dated entries in the chronology. Each links to its source.

  1. Jackson Crabtree's Hillsboro Roller Mills starts grinding flour The Hillsboro Roller Mills, a new flour mill owned by Jackson Crabtree, started its machinery after about five weeks of building. The Salem Machine Works of Salem, Virginia, built and started the mill, and its first run turned out three grades of flour. Place: Hillsborough · Also named: Jackson CrabtreeSearch the index · Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), October 28, 1893, p. 2
  2. The Hillsboro Milling Company is chartered The Hillsboro Milling and Manufacturing Company raised its cash and organized in early August 1900, with Dr. C. D. Jones as president, Dr. J. S. Spurgeon as vice president and H. W. Webb as secretary and treasurer, and the state granted its charter, with $10,000 in capital stock, about August 16. It planned a roller mill and a shuttle-block factory in the Webbs' brick building east of the courthouse. By early 1901 it had put in a corn mill and was buying wheat. People: H. Winder Webb Place: brick mill east of the courthouse, Hillsborough · Also named: C. D. Jones, J. S. SpurgeonSearch the index · DigitalNC: The Union Republican, December 13, 1900, p. 4 · Also: DigitalNC newspaper, January 25, 1901, p. 1; Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), February 14, 1901, p. 3; DigitalNC newspaper, April 14, 1909, p. 6; Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), August 9, 1900, p. 3; Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), August 23, 1900, p. 3
  3. The Hillsboro Milling and Manufacturing Company buys the old river mill from Jackson Crabtree Jackson Crabtree sold the old river mill to the Hillsboro Milling and Manufacturing Company, which kept it running as it was for the time being with Charles A. Whitaker as manager. Place: Hillsborough · Also named: Jackson Crabtree, Charles A. WhitakerSearch the index · Orange County Observer (Hillsborough), March 15, 1906, p. 3
  4. Houston J. Walker and his brother buy the roller mill at Hillsboro Former county commissioner Houston J. Walker and his brother bought the roller mill at Hillsboro and planned to add new machinery and overhaul it. People: Houston J. Walker Place: HillsboroughSearch the index · The News (Chapel Hill), May 31, 1917, p. 5
  5. Charles M. Walker Jr. announces that Walker Milling Co. will close On July 24, 1963 Walker said he would close the milling business within the next few weeks in the three-story landmark on Court Square, which his father and uncle had run for decades before he bought it after World War II, and take a job as an accountant with a lumber company in Battleboro. He pointed to changes in the farm economy. Place: Walker Milling Co., Court Square, Hillsborough · Also named: Charles M. Walker Jr.Search the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), July 25, 1963, p. 3
  6. The county buys the Walker Milling Co. property on Court Square The commissioners bought the Walker Milling Co. mill and its 107-by-123-foot lot for $25,000, and the Mamie Latta house and lot beside the new courthouse parking lot for $3,000, to protect the county's future land needs around the courthouse. The mill lot was already surrounded by county land, with the jail on the south and the agriculture building on the north. Place: Court Square, Hillsboro · Also named: Charles M. Walker Jr.Search the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), August 8, 1963, p. 5
  7. The old Walker Milling Co. building on courthouse square is torn down Orange County, which bought the mill property in August 1963 for $25,000, had a Wilmington contractor raze the building to clear the lot for parking. Historical groups asked the commissioners to save it, but they would only agree, by a split vote, to buy the old handmade bricks for resale. People: Mary Claire Engstrom, Harvey Bennett Place: courthouse square, HillsboroughSearch the index · The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), December 10, 1964, p. 8 · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), December 10, 1964, p. 12; The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), November 19, 1964, p. 3; The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), August 8, 1963, p. 5

People in this storyline

People with a page of their own whom the dated events above name, those named most often first.

Further reading

No indexed work is about this storyline itself yet. These are the most widely held histories of the theme it is filed under, so they may not discuss it. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

Background on Work, Labor & Industry · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it

Johnston and Robson Mill History, New Hope Creek (Orange Co., N.C.)

Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2010

Stewart E. Dunaway's history of the two mills George Johnston built on New Hope Creek in Orange County, the first in 1793 and the second in 1820, the earlier of which he sold to the Englishman William Robson. Self-published in 2010, 256 pages with illustrations, maps and facsimiles. Topics include gristmills in Orange County and the Blackwood, Johnston, Robinson and Robson families, so the volume serves both mill history and genealogy.

Mrs. Lincoln and Mrs. Keckly: The Remarkable Story of the Friendship Between a First Lady and a Former Slave

Fleischner, Jennifer · 2003 · Broadway Books

Jennifer Fleischner's double biography of Mary Todd Lincoln and Elizabeth Keckley, the dressmaker who had been enslaved, including years in Hillsborough, before buying her freedom and becoming the First Lady's confidante. Published by Broadway Books in New York in 2003, 372 pages with illustrations and a map. Topics include enslaved women in Hillsborough and the United States, dressmakers and women's friendships in the nineteenth century.

History of Patterson Mill, New Hope Creek, Orange County, NC

Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2010

Stewart E. Dunaway's 2010 study of Patterson Mill, a gristmill site on New Hope Creek where Orange County meets Chatham County. The book pairs a short genealogy of the Patterson family with a close survey of what remains of the mill on land now inside Duke Forest, supported by maps, facsimile documents and illustrations across 176 pages. Self-published in a second issue dated October 10, 2010.

A Generosity of Spirit: The Early History of the Research Triangle Park

Link, Albert N. · 1995 · Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina

Albert N. Link's early history of Research Triangle Park, published in 1995 by the Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina. Topics include research parks, research institutes and industrial research in the state, with the park's own history at the center. 149 pages with illustrations and maps.

From seed to harvest

Link, Albert N. · 2002 · Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina

Albert N. Link's history of the Research Triangle Park, the research park founded to draw on the universities at Chapel Hill, Durham and Raleigh, published in 2002 by the Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina in 278 pages with illustrations. Topics include research parks, research institutes and industrial research in North Carolina and the history of the park itself.

Sheer Resilience : An Untold Story of A Free Community of Color in Orange County, N.C

Scarlett, Beverly A. · 2024

Beverly A. Scarlett's 2024 study of a free community of color in nineteenth-century Orange County, drawing on apprenticeship and freedmen's records among other county sources.

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Working for A Living

Orange County Historical Museum (N.C.) · 2024

Exhibit publication from the Orange County Historical Museum for its special exhibit on working life, shown in Hillsborough from March to December 2024 and concerned with the county's trades and industrial arts. Produced by the museum in 2024, it documents Orange County and Hillsborough history through the work people did.

The East Asian collection of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Bolick, Hsi-Chu · 2010

Hsi-Chu Bolick's 2010 account of the East Asian collection at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, printed as an article running from page 280 to page 292 with illustrations and portraits. Topics include East Asian libraries in Chapel Hill, library resources for East Asia, and the university's cooperation with Duke in building the collection.

UNC

The water mills of Bolin and Morgan creeks, Orange County, North Carolina

Chilton, Mark · 2008 · The author

Mark Chilton's short account of the water mills that once stood on Bolin and Morgan creeks in Orange County, prepared to accompany a talk given to the Chapel Hill Historical Society on January 27, 2008. Seven unnumbered pages with a folded plate, color illustrations and a map.

UNC

I raised my hand to volunteer : students protest in 1960s Chapel Hill.

2007 · University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Account of student protest in 1960s Chapel Hill, published by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2007 with illustrations. It draws together the civil rights movement and segregation in the town, discrimination in restaurants, academic freedom and university autonomy, protest against the Vietnam War, Students for a Democratic Society and the Black Student Movement on campus.

UNC

Making Carrboro home : user alteration of company space

Lachenman, Sara Regan · 2005

Sara Regan Lachenman's 2005 thesis on how the people living in Carrboro's company built housing altered it to suit themselves. It takes up domestic architecture, working class housing and the social side of the textile industry in the town, with 158 pages of text and illustrations.

UNC

The treatment of African American girls in progressive era North Carolina's juvenile justice system (1890-1930)

Brice, Tanya Smith · 2003

Tanya Smith Brice studies how North Carolina's juvenile justice system treated African American girls between 1890 and 1930, naming among its institutions the North Carolina Industrial School for Negro Girls at Efland in Orange County. Health and hygiene, juvenile delinquency and the state's social conditions are among its subjects. A 2003 typescript of 89 leaves with a bibliography on the closing pages.

UNC

Research this storyline

Each dated event above names its source, the place to start. For finding more on an event across newspapers, records and histories, see the research guide Follow an event across several accounts. Ask at the North Carolina Room of the Orange County Public Library for help with local sources.

Cite or share

Friends of the Orange County Public Library. “Hillsborough's roller mill, 1893–1964.” Orange County Indexed, https://focplnc.org/orange-county-books/storylines/hillsborough-roller-mill-storyline-1893/. Accessed October 22, 2026.

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Two mice reading back to back against a leaf, with the hand-lettered words Friends of the Orange County Public Library
Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026