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Storyline · 1924–1941

The county home for the aged and infirm, 1924–1941

Grand juries urged Orange County to replace its county home for the aged and infirm, far from the county seat, and the home closed in 1941 once most of its residents qualified for old age assistance. In 1924 a grand jury asked for a modern home on the highway nearer Hillsboro, and in August 1928 another condemned the buildings as unfit for human habitation. That October George Lawrence described them in the Chapel Hill Weekly: two narrow brick buildings north of Efland, heated by fireplaces and lit by kerosene, with no plumbing. At the closing the last residents were boarded with relatives and friends at county expense, and on October 4, 1941 the county auctioned the home and its farm.

1924–1941 Filed under Health, Medicine & Care 8 dated events

In August 1924 the Orange grand jury found the county home in good order, but since it was far from the county seat, the jury urged a modern home on the highway nearer Hillsboro and asked that the jail be made secure or replaced. In 1926 the county put up a $65,000 jail. The August 1928 grand jury condemned the county home buildings as unfit for human habitation and urged a modern home on a highway within reach of a doctor. In September the county board of public welfare recommended a study of whether a hospital would serve better than an ordinary home. In October George Lawrence described the home in the Chapel Hill Weekly: two narrow brick buildings north of Efland, probably of 1824, heated by fireplaces and lit by kerosene, with no plumbing. It held 19 residents and two prisoners, and white and Black residents ate in separate rooms. In March 1929 the grand jury found the home clean but its burying ground in bad repair. The home closed in 1941, since most of its residents now qualified for old age assistance, and its last residents were boarded with relatives and friends at county expense. On October 4, 1941 the county auctioned the home and its 241-acre farm, and a Forrest was the high bidder.

Towns
Hillsborough, Efland
Sites
2
People with pages
4

The events, date by date

Every statement above comes from these dated entries in the chronology. Each links to its source.

  1. The grand jury urges a new county home near Hillsborough and a secure jail Reporting at the August term of Orange Superior Court, the grand jury found the convict road camp and the county home in good order and noted a new barn at the home. Because the home was far from the county seat, it urged the commissioners to sell the home and farm and build a modern home on the highway nearer Hillsboro, and it asked that the jail be made secure or replaced with a new one. Place: Orange County court house, HillsboroughSearch the index · The News (Chapel Hill), September 4, 1924, p. 1
  2. Orange County builds a new jail The county replaced its run-down jail with a $65,000 building, also used as a base for convicts on road work. Five years later the state took over most sentenced prisoners and the jail was often nearly empty. Place: HillsboroughSearch the index · Lefler and Wager, Orange County, 1752-1952 (1953), p. 220 · Also: Chapel Hill Weekly, September 11, 1925, p. 1; Chapel Hill Weekly, February 12, 1926, p. 1
  3. Orange County grand jury condemns the county home buildings as unfit The grand jury of the August 1928 term, reporting to Judge W. A. Devin, found the county offices, road camps and jail in good order and praised recent courthouse improvements, but condemned the worn-out county home buildings as unfit for human habitation. It urged the commissioners to build a modern home on a highway within reach of a doctor. People: Lueco Lloyd Place: Court house, Hillsborough · Also named: W. A. DevinSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, August 24, 1928, p. 6
  4. Orange County welfare board takes up the county home's condition At its September meeting in Hillsboro the county board of public welfare discussed the dilapidated county home and recommended a study of whether a hospital would serve better than an ordinary home, possibly built jointly with neighboring counties. The board also reviewed plans submitted by the new county welfare superintendent and set its meetings for the second Thursday of each month. People: George H. Lawrence, Annie Sutton Cameron Place: HillsboroughSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, September 28, 1928, p. 6
  5. George Lawrence describes the county home near Efland in the Chapel Hill Weekly George Lawrence described the county home two and a half miles north of Efland: two narrow brick buildings, probably of 1824, heated by fireplaces and lit by kerosene, with no plumbing. It held 19 residents and two prisoners, and white and Black residents ate in separate rooms. People: George H. Lawrence Place: Orange County home, north of Efland · Also named: George LawrenceSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, October 26, 1928, p. 5
  6. Grand jury reports on the county home, road camp and jail The March term grand jury found the county home clean but its burying ground in bad repair, and reported that the jail held prisoners said to have syphilis with others and had too few cells. Judge N. A. Sinclair inspected the jail the next day, found six cells and good conditions, and ordered that every prisoner be examined by a doctor within 48 hours of commitment. Place: Orange County courthouse and jail, Hillsborough · Also named: N. A. SinclairSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, March 29, 1929, p. 2
  7. The county home closes The poorhouse on the land bought in 1823 closed in 1941, since most of its residents now qualified for old age assistance and could live in boarding homes. The Weekly reported that the welfare superintendent, W. T. Mattox, placed the ten people living there on September 1 in private homes, some of them on old age assistance, and that the home and its farm were sold at auction on October 4, 1941 to Garl Forrest. People: William T. Mattox Place: Orange County poorhouseSearch the index · Lefler and Wager, Orange County, 1752-1952 (1953), p. 213 · Also: Chapel Hill Weekly, September 19, 1941, p. 3; Chapel Hill Weekly, October 17, 1941, p. 1; Chapel Hill Weekly, February 20, 1942, p. 4
  8. Orange County sells the county home and its farm at auction The county auctioned the old county home, its 241-acre farm, buildings, stock and tools, and a Forrest was the high bidder. Its last residents had been boarded with relatives and friends at county expense, which the welfare superintendent said cost less than half as much. People: William T. Mattox Place: Orange County home, north of Efland · Also named: Carl ForrestSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, October 17, 1941, p. 1 · Also: Chapel Hill Weekly, September 19, 1941, p. 3

Places in this storyline

Buildings, schools, churches and other sites named in the dated events on this page, the most often named first. The map shows them all.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

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People in this storyline

People with a page of their own whom the dated events above name, those named most often first.

Reading on the places and people in this storyline

No indexed work is about this storyline itself yet. These are about the sites and people its dated events name, those named most often first, so they may discuss the storyline only in part. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

About Orange County poorhouse (County Home) · named in 7 of this story’s entries

Session of November-December 1789: Senate Bills: Bill to Empower Wardens of the Poor for Franklin, Orange, and Surry Counties to Build a House or Houses, and for Amending Wilmington Town Law. November 18

North Carolina. General Assembly · 1789

Poorhouses for Franklin, Orange and Surry counties are the subject of this Senate bill of 18 November 1789, which let the wardens of the poor there put up buildings and also amended the law governing the town of Wilmington. Eleven images.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

About Orange County jail, Hillsborough · named in 3 of this story’s entries

Account for Guarding One Prisoner in the Goal

North Carolina. Office of Archives and History. Division of Archives and Records Management · 1768

Account from 1768 for the cost of guarding one prisoner in the jail, a document from the Regulator troubles in Orange County, when backcountry settlers rose against royal officials they accused of extortionate fees and false records. Two images.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Session of November-December 1796: House Bills: December 13

North Carolina. General Assembly · 1796

House bills of 13 December 1796, among them a rejected bill for a district jail in the town of Hillsborough and a bill for separate elections and general musters in Orange County. Others concern inspectors, clearing the Yadkin River, and sheriffs. Thirty images.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Session of November-December, 1771: Bills; December 7, Bill for erecting in the town of Hillsborough a public jail and jailer's house or the District of Hillsborough in this province

1771

A bill of December 7, 1771 proposing a public jail and a jailer's house at Hillsborough for the Hillsborough District, four images among the bills of the colonial assembly session of November and December 1771 in the State Archives of North Carolina.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Wider background: Health, Medicine & Care · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it

Medicine at Chapel Hill

McLendon, William Woodard · 2012 · Dept. of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina

History of the Department of Medicine at the UNC School of Medicine, compiled by William W. McLendon and published by the department in 2012. After a section of historical perspective, the book covers the deans, founding faculty and department chairs, then the subspecialty divisions, offshoot departments, teaching and research, with appendices. Much of it is biographical, profiling the physicians who built clinical medicine in Chapel Hill. 478 pages with illustrations.

The School of Pharmacy of the University of North Carolina

Noble, Alice · 1961

Alice Noble's history of the School of Pharmacy at the University of North Carolina, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1961. It runs 237 pages with illustrations and portraits.

Legends and Legacies

Kagarise, Mary Jane · 1997 · Dept. of Surgery, UNC School of Medicine

Mary Jane Kagarise's history of the Department of Surgery at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill across its first four decades, 1952 to 1993, with biographies of the surgeons on its faculty. Published by the department in 1997 in a first edition of 461 pages with illustrations, some in color. Topics include surgery and medical colleges in Chapel Hill and biography of the department's faculty.

Reviewed in The American Journal of Surgery (1998).

Dreaming of a time: the School of Public Health : the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1939-1989

Korstad, Robert Rodgers · 1990

Robert Korstad's history of the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina over its first fifty years, 1939 to 1989, published by the university in 1990. It runs 192 pages with illustrations.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Norma Berryhill Lectures

Blythe, William Brevard ; Denny, Jr., Floyd W. ; McLendon, William Woodard · 2000 · Medical Foundation of North Carolina, Inc.

Two volumes collecting the Norma Berryhill Lectures, an annual address at the UNC School of Medicine named for the wife of its long-serving dean, W. Reece Berryhill. Volume one gathers the lectures from 1985 to 1999, edited by Floyd W. Denny, Jr., William B. Blythe and William W. McLendon; volume two, edited by McLendon and Elizabeth B. Dreesen, continues through 2008. Published by the Medical Foundation of North Carolina, with illustrations and portraits.

Obstetrics and gynecology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill : the first half century

2000

Departmental history of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill covering its first fifty years, published by the department in 2000. The history covers medical schools, medical education and the teaching of obstetrics in North Carolina. First edition, xvii and 366 pages with illustrations and portraits.

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A record of the war activities in Orange County, North Carolina, 1917-1919

Cameron, Annie Sutton · 2002 · Academic Affairs Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Annie Sutton Cameron compiled this account of Orange County's part in the First World War in 1919 as historian for the county's Council of Defense, at the request of its chairman J.S. Webb. It covers the Council and the Home Guard, drives for war bonds and overseas relief, Red Cross work, patriotic observances, the influenza epidemic and women's war work, with registers of the county's soldiers. Published online in 2002 by the UNC library in Documenting the American South's North Carolinians and the Great War.

Self-study summary report

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · 1975

Summary of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's twelve-volume institutional self-study, edited by C. Hugh Holman and dated January 15, 1974, issued in 1975. Topics include the university's accreditation, history and statistics, including the School of Public Health. ix and 546 pages with charts, some folded.

The University of North Carolina School of Public Health relates to the needs of a changing society : a selective and interpretive account with emphasis on the decade of the sixties

Mayes, William Fred · 1975 · University of North Carolina, School of Public Health

William Fred Mayes traces the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and its response to a changing society, with emphasis on the 1960s. The title page describes the account as selective and interpretive rather than complete. Published by the school in 1975, 68 pages with illustrations. Topics include schools of public health in Chapel Hill and their history.

The good doctor and other selections from the essays and addresses of William de Berniere MacNider

MacNider, William de Berniere, 1881-1951 · 1953

Selections from the essays and addresses of William de Berniere MacNider, pharmacologist and physician at the University of North Carolina, published by the University of North Carolina Press in 1953, two years after his death. Includes a portrait and a list of his publications.

Carolina Nursing through the decades: a historic timeline

2025 · The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing

An illustrated online timeline of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, issued by the school in 2025. One page with portraits.

Progress and protests : UNC-Chapel Hill leaders during "the Long Sixties" (1957-1972) : covering chancellors William Brantley Aycock, Paul F. Sharp, and J. Carlyle Sitterson

Roundtree, Lynn · 2024 · Lynn Roundtree

Lynn Roundtree covers the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill between 1957 and 1972 through its three chancellors, William Brantley Aycock, Paul F. Sharp and J. Carlyle Sitterson, set against the student movements of those years. Part of the Coates university leadership series, published by the author in 2024 and running to 926 pages. It is twentieth century campus history.

UNC

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Friends of the Orange County Public Library. “The county home for the aged and infirm, 1924–1941.” Orange County Indexed, https://focplnc.org/orange-county-books/storylines/county-home-storyline-1924/. Accessed October 22, 2026.

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Two mice reading back to back against a leaf, with the hand-lettered words Friends of the Orange County Public Library
Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026