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The fight over Sunday racing, 1956–1958

How ministers and their allies set out to stop Sunday stock car races at Orange Speedway and a new jalopy track, the county commissioners’ changing stand, the 1957 act of the legislature and the courts that first upheld it and then struck it down.

When new race tracks in Orange County held races on Sundays, ministers led a fight to stop them that ended in the state Supreme Court. In April 1956 the Rev. W. I. Conway asked the county commissioners to stop the races at a jalopy track near his church, and about 100 people formed the Orange County Anti-Racing Association, but the county attorney said a ban needed special legislation. In 1957 the legislature passed Senator Edwin S. Lanier's bill barring races on Sundays and after 6 p.m. After Orange Speedway, Inc. sued, the state Supreme Court struck the act down on January 10, 1958, and Sunday racing returned with a 100-mile Grand National race won by Buck Baker.

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No works in the index are currently linked directly to this storyline. The works below provide background on Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough.

The full story

In April 1956 the Rev. W. I. Conway of the Gospel Baptist Tabernacle asked the county commissioners to stop Sunday races at a new jalopy track near his church, and the Rev. C. H. Reckard of Hillsboro Presbyterian preached against the race tracks the county had let be built. In May about 100 people formed the Orange County Anti-Racing Association, but the county attorney told the commissioners they could not ban the races without special legislation. In April 1957, after a plea from the North Orange Ministerial Association, the commissioners endorsed Senator Edwin S. Lanier's bill against Sunday racing, then at a special meeting voted 3 to 1 to ask instead for no more than four races a year at each track. The legislature passed the ban in May, barring races on Sundays and after 6 p.m. Orange Speedway, Inc. sued; Judge Clawson Williams upheld the act in October 1957, but on January 10, 1958 the state Supreme Court struck it down, and Sunday racing returned to Orange Speedway on March 23 with a 100-mile Grand National race won by Buck Baker.

In the chronology

Events in this storyline, in date order. See these 9 dated events in the chronology →

  1. Pastor asks the commissioners to stop Sunday jalopy races at a new track The Rev. W. I. Conway of the Gospel Baptist Tabernacle asked the county commissioners to block Sunday jalopy races at a new half-mile track just finished off the Orange Grove road, half a mile from his church, calling them a danger to his congregation. The commissioners asked the county attorney and sheriff to study legal remedies; the paper backed him in an editorial. People: Richard Junius Mendenhall Hobbs, Odell H. ClaytonThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 5, 1956, p. 1
  2. Hillsboro Presbyterian pastor preaches against local stock car racing The Rev. C. H. Reckard, pastor of the Hillsboro Presbyterian Church, delivered a sermon criticizing local stock car racing and its effect on young people, one of the clergy protests against Sunday races at Orange Speedway.Search the index · NC State Historic Preservation Office: National Register nomination, Occoneechee Speedway (OR1542, 2002) · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 26, 1956, p. 8
  3. Opponents of auto racing form the Orange County Anti-Racing Association About 100 people at a mass meeting at the Gospel Baptist Tabernacle on Orange Grove Road organized the association, the outgrowth of a campaign the Rev. W. I. Conway began when a jalopy race track was built near his church; the track drew an estimated 2,000 to 3,000 people to its first race the next day. On May 7 Conway and the Rev. Charles E. Maddry took the matter to the county commissioners, who were told by County Attorney Paul Ransom that they could not tax, limit or ban the races without special legislation. People: Charles Edward MaddryThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), May 10, 1956, p. 8
  4. County commissioners endorse a bill to ban Sunday racing in Orange County After a plea from the North Orange Ministerial Association, the four commissioners present voted unanimously to approve Senator Edwin S. Lanier's bill against Sunday auto racing, asking only that it wait until June 1 so the track owners could recoup some of their investment. The Rev. C. H. Reckard spoke for the ministers and jalopy track owner Dace Ward for the racing side. People: Edwin Sidney Lanier, Dwight Ray, C. H. ReckardThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 4, 1957, p. 1
  5. County commissioners reverse themselves and back limited Sunday racing At a special meeting called without public notice, commissioners Henry Walker, Donald Stanford and Claude Pope voted to rescind their endorsement of the Sunday racing ban and to ask instead that each track be allowed to race no more than four times a year; acting chairman Dwight Ray voted no. Representative John W. Umstead declined to offer their amendment, and the ban passed the following week. People: Dwight RayThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), May 2, 1957, p. 1
  6. The General Assembly bans Sunday racing in Orange County After protests by the Rev. C. H. Reckard and other Orange County clergy, the legislature passed Senator Edwin S. Lanier's bill banning racing in the county on Sundays, with Rep. John W. Umstead's amendment barring races after 6 p.m. on other days. The bill passed on May 8, 1957, though Sunday races were being advertised again at Orange Speedway by 1961. People: Edwin Sidney LanierSearch the index · NC State Historic Preservation Office: National Register nomination, Occoneechee Speedway (OR1542, 2002), section 8, p. 20; with The Chapel Hill Weekly, May 10, 1957, p. 1 (Legislature Passes Lanier's Bill to Ban Sunday Racing in Orange County)
  7. Judge Clawson Williams upholds the Orange County racing law against Orange Speedway Ruling in Orange Speedway, Inc.'s suit against Sheriff Odell Clayton, Judge Clawson Williams held that the 1957 act barring automobile and motorcycle races in Orange County on Sundays and after 6 p.m. was constitutional and enforceable, dissolved the temporary restraining order Judge Don K. Moore had issued on September 16 and denied a permanent injunction. The company, headed by Bill France, gave notice of appeal to the state Supreme Court. People: Edwin Sidney Lanier, Odell H. ClaytonThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), October 31, 1957, p. 1
  8. The state Supreme Court strikes down Orange County's Sunday racing law The North Carolina Supreme Court declared unconstitutional the 1957 local act that barred motorcycle and auto races in Orange County on Sundays and after 6 p.m. on weekdays, reversing Superior Court Judge Clawson Williams. The court held that the act, aimed at the people who staged races rather than at racing itself, differed from a Wake County Sunday ban it had upheld. People: Edwin Sidney Lanier, John W. Umstead Jr., Odell H. ClaytonThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), January 16, 1958, p. 1
  9. Sunday stock car racing returns to Orange Speedway, and Buck Baker wins the 100-mile race With the 1957 act banning Sunday races in Orange County struck down by the state Supreme Court, Orange Speedway reopened Sunday racing on March 23 with a 100-mile NASCAR Grand National race, won by Buck Baker of Spartanburg in a 1957 Chevrolet. Promoter Bill France then said the owners of the nearby Jalopy track had agreed to race only one Sunday a month and rename it the South Hillsboro Race Track. People: Enoch StaleyThe News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 3, 1958, p. 1

Places in this history

Buildings, schools, churches and other sites named in the dated events on this page, the most often named first. The map shows the 2 with a known location.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

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Background on Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough

Background reading on Occoneechee Speedway, Hillsborough. These works cover the broader subject and may not discuss this storyline. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

Occoneechee-Orange Speedway

Sanseverino, Edward P. · 1995

Edward P. Sanseverino's 1995 account of the Occoneechee-Orange Speedway, the stock car track outside Hillsborough that ran in the middle decades of the twentieth century. Topics include automobile racing and racetracks in North Carolina and Hillsborough in the twentieth century.

Jock Lauterer photographic collection, circa 1964-1968.

Lauterer, Jock · 1964

Photographs made by Jock Lauterer in and around Chapel Hill from about 1964 to 1968, some 3,522 items in the North Carolina Collection at UNC. Subjects include the Speaker Ban Law, Ku Klux Klan activity in North Carolina, Tar Heel basketball and football, the Jubilee festival, the Old Well, and visitors including Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Bob Hope and Jayne Mansfield.

UNC

Occoneechee Speedway/Orange Speedway (Chapel Hill Historical Society vertical file)

Clippings and promotional materials on the Occoneechee Speedway near Hillsborough, the dirt racetrack later renamed Orange Speedway. An undated folder from box 31 of the Chapel Hill Historical Society's Vertical File Collection, Carrboro and Orange County series.

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