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White Cross School burns and is rebuilt, 1933

The White Cross school from the fire that destroyed its building to the new brick school of 1933: the county board’s appropriation, the contracts and the insurance, the plans from the Rosenwald Fund’s Tennessee office, and the classrooms in use that fall.

When fire destroyed the White Cross school building in April 1933, the county replaced it within months with a one-story brick school built from plans the state obtained from the Tennessee office of the Julius Rosenwald Fund. The board authorized a new building for $10,859, and by July the contract had gone to the Home Construction Company of Durham for $9,400; the fire insurance had paid $11,400. The finished school had four large classrooms split by an auditorium, and they were in use by late September 1933. A later documentation form named White Cross one of the county's two best examples of the larger central schools that replaced one- and two-room schools during consolidation.

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The full story

In April 1933 the county board of education learned that the White Cross school building had been destroyed by fire. It authorized a new building for $10,859 and, at the same meeting, set aside $3,325 for two new rooms at Efland. By July 14 the county had let the contract for the new White Cross School to the Home Construction Company of Durham for $9,400, with plumbing and heating to Paschall Brothers of Durham for $1,459; the fire insurance had paid $11,400. The state obtained the plans from the Tennessee office of the Julius Rosenwald Fund, for a one-story solid brick building with four classrooms, an office and library, an auditorium, its own electric plant and a well. H. D. Carter was supervising inspector, and local men did the work. The finished school had its four large classrooms split by an auditorium in the middle, and by late September 1933 the classrooms were in use. A later documentation form named White Cross one of the county's two best examples of the larger central schools that replaced one- and two-room schools during consolidation.

In the chronology

Events in this storyline, in date order. See these 3 dated events in the chronology →

  1. White Cross School burns and the board orders a new building The board learned in April 1933 that the White Cross school building had been destroyed by fire and authorized a new one for $10,859. At the same meeting it set aside $3,325 for two new rooms at Efland.Search the index · DigitalNC: Irene Oliver Pender, A History of Orange County Schools, 1752-1983 (1983), p. 78 · Also: Chapel Hill Weekly, December 9, 1932, p. 1; Chapel Hill Weekly, July 14, 1933, p. 5
  2. The county lets the contract for a new brick White Cross School The contract for a new White Cross School, replacing the building lost to fire, went to the Home Construction Company of Durham for $9,400, with plumbing and heating to Paschall Brothers of Durham for $1,459; the fire insurance had paid $11,400. The one-story solid brick building, on plans the state obtained from the Tennessee office of the Julius Rosenwald Fund, was to have four classrooms, an office and library, an auditorium, its own electric plant and a well, with H. D. Carter as supervising inspector and local men doing the work. People: H. D. CarterSearch the index · The Chapel Hill Weekly, July 14, 1933, p. 5
  3. White Cross School is built as a consolidated brick school White Cross School, built in 1933 to replace a school building that had burned, is a brick school with four large classrooms split by an auditorium in the middle. The contract went to the Home Construction Company of Durham by July 1933, and by late September the four classrooms were in use. The form names it one of the county's two best examples of the larger central schools that replaced one- and two-room schools during consolidation.Search the index · NC Digital Collections: Historic Resources of Orange County, National Register multiple property documentation form (1993), p. 79 · Also: Chapel Hill Weekly, July 14, 1933, p. 5; Chapel Hill Weekly, September 29, 1933, p. 3

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Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

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Background on Schools & Education

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Skin contact

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Carolina Nursing through the decades: a historic timeline

2025 · The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing

An illustrated online timeline of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, issued by the school in 2025. One page with portraits.

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Pearson, Joanna · 2024 · Bloomsbury Publishing

Joanna Pearson's novel of a cold case at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Karlie Richards was a nineteen-year-old student when she was murdered; decades later her onetime roommate, divorced and in middle age, finds herself drawn back to the crime as online conspiracy theories about it multiply. A psychological thriller with a Chapel Hill setting, published by Bloomsbury in 2024, 275 pages.

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Carrboro High School students · 2023

The 2023 issue of Carrboro High School's literary magazine, featuring fiction and poetry written by its students.

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Burk, William R. · 2023

William R. Burk's history of botany at the University of North Carolina, from its early natural scientists such as Denison Olmsted and Elisha Mitchell through later figures including George Francis Atkinson, Joseph Austin Holmes and Henry Van Peters Wilson, closing with a chapter on the Department of Botany itself. Published in Fort Worth in 2023.

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A Consequential Life: David Lowry Swain, Nineteenth-Century North Carolina, and Their University

Whichard, Willis P. · 2022

Willis P. Whichard's biography of David Lowry Swain, governor of North Carolina from 1832 to 1835 and president of the University of North Carolina from 1835 until his death in 1868. The subtitle ties Swain, nineteenth-century North Carolina and the university together, and the book belongs with the lives of college presidents and governors. Published in 2022.

The dove in the belly

Grimsley, Jim · 2022 · Levine Querido

Jim Grimsley's coming-of-age novel about Ronny, who grew up in a trailer alongside his mother and a string of stepfathers, kept his head down, earned good grades and won a scholarship to UNC in Chapel Hill. On campus he finds his first love and begins to sort out who he is. Subjects include gay college students, first loves and mothers and sons. Published by Levine Querido in 2022, 322 pages.

The Carolina Union Proudly Presents: Memories of the Tech Crew of Memorial Hall

Madry, Scott · 2021

Scott Madry's recollections of the student tech crew at Memorial Hall, the University of North Carolina's auditorium in Chapel Hill, presented under the banner of the Carolina Union, the campus student union. Published in Chapel Hill in 2021.

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To Drink from the Well: The Struggle for Racial Equality at the Nation’s Oldest University

Kapur, Geeta · 2021

Geeta Kapur's history of race at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, from the enslaved labor that built the campus through desegregation and the Black student protests that followed. Twelve chapters, with a foreword by William Barber II, move from the founding era and the Great Depression controversies to the state's response to integration and the turmoil of later decades; North Carolina Central University also figures. Published 2021 by Blair in Durham.

Legendborn

Deonn, Tracy · 2020

Tracy Deonn's young adult fantasy about an African American teenager who arrives as a student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill after her mother's death and finds a secret society bound to Arthurian legend, with demons, magic and her own family's past. Published by Margaret K. McElderry Books in 2020, 501 pages, for ages 14 and up. Winner of the 2021 Coretta Scott King/John Steptoe Award for New Talent.

Reviewed in Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books./Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books (2020).

Anna Burwell and the business of being a Presbyterian minister's wife in North Carolina, 1835-1857

Hoffert, Sylvia D. · 2019 · Historical Research Office, Office of Archives and History

Sylvia D. Hoffert's article on Margaret Anna Burwell, 1810 to 1871, and the work of being a Presbyterian minister's wife in North Carolina from 1835 to 1857, the years of the female school she and her husband kept in Hillsborough. Pages 245 to 275 with illustrations, facsimiles and portraits, issued by the Office of Archives and History in Raleigh in 2019.

UNC

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