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Storyline · 1812–1818

The Whittaker children and the county court, 1812–1818

In November 1812 the county court ordered the sheriff to take two children of color named Whittaker from James Thompson, son of Thomas, keep them safely and bring them to the next term. In February 1813 it bound them out: John Whittaker, a boy of about five, to James Forsyth to learn farming, and Nancy Whittaker, about eight, to Polley Comb to learn spinning, each until coming of age. A binding made the master responsible for the child's food, clothing and trade, and the court kept the power to take the child back. In February 1817 the court summoned Forsyth to bring John into the next court and show cause why his indenture should not be cancelled, and the sheriff was to take a bond of £250 from Forsyth, void if he produced the boy. In February 1818 the court cancelled Nancy's indenture to Polley Comb, describing her as a free girl of color about thirteen, and bound her instead to Henry Thompson Jr. until she came of age, to learn spinning.

1812–1818 Part of Free children of color and the apprentice law, 1786–1864 4 dated events

The events, date by date

Every statement above comes from these dated entries in the chronology. Each links to its source.

  1. The court has the sheriff take two Whittaker children of color from James Thompson The court ordered the sheriff to take into his possession two children of color named Whittaker, then held by James Thompson (son of Thomas), to keep them safely, and to bring them to the next term. Place: Orange County · Also named: James ThompsonMark Chilton, transcription of the Orange County Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions minutes: November Term 1812
  2. The court binds John and Nancy Whittaker, children of color, to James Forsyth and Polley Comb The court bound John Whittaker, a boy of color about five, to James Forsyth to learn farming, and Nancy Whittaker, a girl of color about eight, to Polley Comb to learn spinning, each until coming of age. Place: Orange County · Also named: John Whittaker, Nancy Whittaker, James Forsyth, Polley CombMark Chilton, Freedom Bound: Apprenticeship, Racism & Liberation in Orange County, North Carolina 1777 to 1868 (Wandering through the NC Piedmont)
  3. The court summons James Forsyth to produce John Whittaker, a boy of color bound to him The court ordered a summons to James Forsyth to bring into the next court John Whittaker, a boy of color bound to him, and to show cause why the indenture should not be cancelled. The sheriff was to take a bond of £250 from Forsyth, void if he produced the boy. Place: Orange County · Also named: John Whittaker, James ForsythMark Chilton, transcription of the Orange County Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions minutes: February Term 1817
  4. The court cancels Nancy Whitaker's indenture to Polly Comb and binds her to Henry Thompson Jr. The court cancelled the indenture binding Nancy Whitaker, a free girl of color about thirteen, to Polly Comb, and bound her instead to Henry Thompson Jr. until she came of age, to learn spinning. Place: Orange County · Also named: Nancy Whitaker, Polly Comb, Henry Thompson Jr.Mark Chilton, transcription of the Orange County Court of Pleas and Quarter Sessions minutes: February Term 1818

Further reading

No indexed work is about this storyline itself yet. These are the most widely held histories of the theme it is filed under, so they may not discuss it. Follow a link to find a copy or view the material.

Background on Black Life & Civil Rights · the most widely held histories of the theme this storyline is filed under; they may not discuss it

To Free A Family

Nathans, Sydney · 2012 · Harvard University Press

Sydney Nathans's biography of Mary Walker, an enslaved woman from Orange County who escaped to the North in the mid nineteenth century and spent the following decades in Cambridge, Massachusetts, working to free the family she had left behind. Chapter titles trace her flight, her years among Northern friends, a rescue plot, a long silence, and the reunion that gives the book its close. Published 2012 by Harvard University Press, 330 pages with 20 pages of plates, illustrations and maps.

Reviewed in Choice Reviews Online (2012), Civil War Book Review (2012).

The Free Men

Ehle, Jr., John Marsden · 1965

John Ehle's account of the civil rights demonstrations in Chapel Hill in 1963 and 1964 and the young people who led them, first published by Harper & Row in 1965. This reprint from Lewisville, North Carolina adds an afterword by Wayne King. Civil rights and race relations in Chapel Hill are its subjects. 340 pages with illustrations and portraits.

To Drink from the Well: The Struggle for Racial Equality at the Nation’s Oldest University

Kapur, Geeta · 2021

Geeta Kapur's history of race at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, from the enslaved labor that built the campus through desegregation and the Black student protests that followed. Twelve chapters, with a foreword by William Barber II, move from the founding era and the Great Depression controversies to the state's response to integration and the turmoil of later decades; North Carolina Central University also figures. Published 2021 by Blair in Durham.

Frank Porter Graham and the 1950 Senate Race in North Carolina

Pleasants, Julian M.; Burns, Augustus M., III · 1990 · UNC Press

Julian M. Pleasants and Augustus M. Burns III on the 1950 Democratic Senate primary in North Carolina, in which Frank Porter Graham, the former president of the University of North Carolina, lost to Willis Smith after a campaign marked by race-baiting. Primaries, elections and race relations in the state are its subjects. Published by UNC Press in 1990, 356 pages with illustrations.

Reviewed in Choice Reviews Online (1991), The American Historical Review (1991), Journal of American History (1991), The Journal of Southern History (1992).

Ribbons of Color Along the Eno River

2021

Collected first-hand and second-hand stories from the Eno River valley as told from the standpoint of African Americans and Native people who have lived along the river in Orange and Durham counties, from prehistory to the present day. Issued by the Eno River Association in Durham as volume 10, number 2 of the Eno Journal, 2021, 106 pages with illustrations.

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The Impact of Slavery on the Education of Blacks in Orange County, North Carolina 1619-1970

Moore, Rosetta Austin · 2015

Rosetta Austin Moore's survey of Black education in Orange County from the colonial era to 1970, in a revised edition published in 2015 through Lulu in Morrisville. After chapters on slavery nationally and on schooling for enslaved people in North Carolina, the book turns to the county: its formation, the growth of its schools, the arrival of free public schooling for all, and the schools and African American educators of the twentieth century. 265 pages with maps, portraits and facsimiles.

A Mind to Stay: White Plantation, Black Homeland

Nathans, Sydney · 2017

Sydney Nathans's history of a Black community in Hale County, Alabama, whose founders were enslaved people sent there before the Civil War from the Cameron family's plantations in Orange County, North Carolina. Instead of following the Great Migration out of the South, this group stayed, moved from bondage to owning the land they had worked, and held onto it across generations. Published 2017, 342 pages with plates and maps; this is the e-book edition.

Reviewed in Journal of American History (2017), Journal of Social History (2017), London review of books (2017), The Journal of the Civil War Era (2018), The Journal of Southern History (2018), Environmental History (2018), ˜The œAlabama review (2019), The Oral History Review (2019), ˜The œRegister - Kentucky Historical Society/˜The œregister of the Kentucky Historical Society (2020).

African Americans of Durham and Orange counties : an oral history

Bolduc, Jean · 2016 · The History Press

Jean Bolduc's collection of oral history interviews with Black residents of Durham and Orange counties, published by The History Press in 2016, 125 pages with photographs and portraits. The narrators are the poet Jaki Shelton Green, civil rights lawyer Floyd McKissick, Walter Jackson, Nate Davis, Brenda Stephens, Diane Wright, Jackie Wagstaff and Michelle Johnson, and a closing chapter deals with the Ku Klux Klan. The interviews document Black life and race relations in the two counties across the twentieth century.

Sitting In and Speaking Out: Student Movements in the American South, 1960-1970

Turner, Jeffrey A. · 2010 · The University of Georgia Press

Jeffrey A. Turner's study of student activism on Southern campuses between 1960 and 1970, arguing that the region's own movement has been overshadowed by attention to national groups such as SDS. Nine chapters move from the 1960 sit-ins through white students and desegregation, the rise of student power, Black Power on Black and white campuses, and the war's effect on the region. Chapel Hill is among the campuses treated. Published 2010, 366 pages, online edition.

Reviewed in Choice Reviews Online (2011), Journal of American History (2012).

Rogers Road

Pearce, Emily Eidenier · 2009

Emily Eidenier Pearce's history of Rogers Road, the historically African American neighborhood on the edge of Chapel Hill and Carrboro, and of what happened to it after Orange County opened its landfill next door in 1972. Drawing on interviews with residents, the book records the neighborhood's origins, family life, churches and customs, and then the environmental and social burdens of decades beside the landfill. Privately issued in 2009, 298 pages with illustrations, maps and portraits.

A Traitor and a Scoundrel: Benjamin Hedrick and the Cost of Dissent

Smith, Michael Thomas · 2003 · University of Delaware Press ; London : Associated University Presses

Michael Thomas Smith's biography of Benjamin Sherwood Hedrick, the University of North Carolina chemistry professor dismissed in 1856 after he declared support for the antislavery presidential candidate John C. Fremont. Published by University of Delaware Press in 2003, 216 pages with illustrations. Topics include abolitionists and dissenters in North Carolina, the antislavery movement in the state, and the university's biography before 1962.

Reviewed in The Journal of Southern History (2005).

Research this storyline

Each dated event above names its source, the place to start. For finding more on an event across newspapers, records and histories, see the research guide Follow an event across several accounts. Ask at the North Carolina Room of the Orange County Public Library for help with local sources.

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Friends of the Orange County Public Library. “The Whittaker children and the county court, 1812–1818.” Orange County Indexed, https://focplnc.org/orange-county-books/storylines/whittaker-children-storyline-1812/. Accessed October 22, 2026.

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Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026