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Orange County Historical Museum

The Orange County Historical Museum was founded by the Hillsborough Garden Club and opened in November 1957 on the second floor of the 1845 Orange County Courthouse. Since 1983 it has occupied the 1934 Confederate Memorial Library building on Churton Street, and in 2007 it merged with the Hillsborough Historical Society.

Map tiles © OpenStreetMap contributors. Site locations from the N.C. State Historic Preservation Office survey, Open Orange, Orange County GIS, OpenStreetMap and a few other published sources named on each site’s page; town and community pins show approximate locations.

People in its history

People named in events about this site, ordered by number of mentions. Each example links to an entry with a source citation.

Sites linked through the same people

Indexed works

Books, articles, records, and images about Orange County Historical Museum. Each has been reviewed for relevance; materials held at OCPL appear first.

Held at OCPL

Hillsborough and the Regulators

Cameron, Annie Sutton · 1964 · Orange County Historical Museum

Annie Sutton Cameron's short account of Hillsborough during the Regulator uprising of 1766 to 1771, when backcountry farmers protested colonial officials and courts and Hillsborough, as the seat of Orange County, stood at the center of the conflict. Published by the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough in 1964, 36 pages with illustrations.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Working for A Living

Orange County Historical Museum (N.C.) · 2024

Exhibit publication from the Orange County Historical Museum for its special exhibit on working life, shown in Hillsborough from March to December 2024 and concerned with the county's trades and industrial arts. Produced by the museum in 2024, it documents Orange County and Hillsborough history through the work people did.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Elsewhere

Orange County Historical Museum

1975 · Orange County Historical Museum

Four-page folded brochure from the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, printed in 1975 with illustrations and a map, the last page carrying a walking tour of Hillsborough. Topics include historical museums in Orange County and tours of Hillsborough. 22 cm.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

UNC

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Sign outside the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, photographed on 6 April 2002 for the North Carolina ECHO project.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Exterior of the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough on 6 April 2002. The building went up as a Confederate memorial and later housed the public library before becoming the museum. A North Carolina ECHO photograph.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Portrait of Eliza Evans Turner in the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, photographed for North Carolina ECHO on 6 April 2002.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Josiah Turner Sr. in a portrait at the Orange County Historical Museum, Hillsborough, from a set of North Carolina ECHO photographs taken on 6 April 2002.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Flag of the Orange Guards, a local militia company, dated 1874, as shown at the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough. Photographed on 6 April 2002 for North Carolina ECHO.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Show 6 more works

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Museum exhibit on the musical traditions of Orange County at the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, photographed on 6 April 2002 for the North Carolina ECHO project.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Close view of labels and archival storage for objects at the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, photographed on 6 April 2002 for North Carolina ECHO.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Hillsborough's official weights and measures, bought by the town in 1760, on exhibit at the Orange County Historical Museum. The set is thought to be the only complete colonial set surviving in the United States. North Carolina ECHO photograph, 6 April 2002.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Antique china, porcelain and tableware at the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, photographed on 6 April 2002 for the North Carolina ECHO project.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Explanatory text panel for the Hillsborough colonial weights and measures exhibit at the Orange County Historical Museum, photographed on 6 April 2002 for North Carolina ECHO.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Orange County Historical Museum

North Carolina ECHO (Project) · 2002

Ernest Dollar, curator and executive director of the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, holding an issue of The State magazine with the town's colonial weights and measures on its cover. Photographed on 6 April 2002 for North Carolina ECHO.

Included because: The site is named in the title, catalog subjects, or description.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Published by or for this institution

Hooper finds the pitch

Smith, Courtney Soling · 2022 · Orange County Historical Museum

A picture book by Courtney Soling Smith about a Boston terrier named Hooper and a glee club at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill. Published in 2022 by the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough, 35 unnumbered pages with illustrations, facsimiles and portraits.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Minnie finds a home

Smith, Courtney Soling · 2022 · Orange County Historical Museum

Picture book by Courtney Soling Smith, published by the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough in 2022, about a collie named Minnie and an African American family in Cedar Grove Township. Twenty-nine unnumbered pages, chiefly color illustrations, with portraits that point to a real family behind the story.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Minnie tries to be useful

Smith, Courtney Soling · 2022 · Orange County Historical Museum

Companion picture book about Minnie the collie by Courtney Soling Smith, again from the Orange County Historical Museum in 2022, following an African American farm family in Cedar Grove Township. Thirty-seven unnumbered pages, chiefly color illustrations, with a facsimile. Written for children, with the museum's local history interest behind it.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Score: Youth Sports in Orange County History

2025

An illustrated history of youth sports in Orange County, produced in 2025 in connection with the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough. 76 pages.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

Working for a living : a special exhibit by the Orange County Historical Museum, March-December 2024

Smith, Courtney Soling · 2024 · Orange County Historical Museum

The catalog of Working for a Living, prepared by Courtney Soling Smith, an exhibit at the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough that ran from March to December 2024 on the trades and occupations people followed in the county. 113 pages with illustrations, some in color, 28 cm.

Included because: Published by or for this institution.

UNC

Surveys and maps of the area

Not about Orange County Historical Museum alone: the architectural surveys that cover its town or the county, and maps drawn while it stood. Several of the surveys can be read free online at NC Digital Collections.

Hillsborough architectural survey

Slane, Heather Wagner · 2017 · hmwPreservation

Survey of Hillsborough's historic buildings by Heather Wagner Slane of hmwPreservation, completed in September 2017. The 40-page report covers the town's architecture and history with color illustrations and maps.

Included because: A survey or map of the town or county where the site stands.

NC Digital Collections record courtesy of the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources.

Time in place, place in time : history and sense of place in Hillsborough, North Carolina

Warren, Cheryl Davis · 2005

Cheryl Davis Warren's 2005 study of history and sense of place in Hillsborough, 216 leaves with illustrations, maps and a bibliography. Written as human geography, it treats the town's past alongside its social conditions and the ways residents understand where they live.

Included because: A survey or map of the town or county where the site stands.

UNC

Sanborn Fire Insurance Map from Hillsboro, Orange County, North Carolina.

1905

Fire insurance map of Hillsborough, spelled Hillsboro, drawn by the Sanborn Map Company in January 1905 on two sheets, from the Sanborn Maps collection.

Included because: A survey or map of the town or county where the site stands.

Birdseye View of Hillsboro, N.C. Looking East

1905 · A. C. Bosselman & Co., New York, N.Y

Bird's-eye view of Hillsborough looking east, with houses and industrial buildings, on a postcard published by A. C. Bosselman & Co. of New York about 1905 to 1915. Card number 11116.

Included because: A survey or map of the town or county where the site stands.

Found a book OCPL doesn’t own? You can often borrow it through interlibrary loan at OCPL.

Start at OCPL

Books in OCPL’s Rebecca B. Wall Local History Collection at the Main Library in Hillsborough whose titles, catalog subjects or descriptions are about this site. The Friends’ recommended starting points are labelled.

  • Foundational · NC 975.656 ORANGE Working for A Living: A Special Exhibit by the Orange County Historical Museum, March-December 2024 Orange County Historical Museum (N.C.) · 2024

    Exhibit publication from the Orange County Historical Museum for its special exhibit on working life, shown in Hillsborough from March to December 2024 and concerned with the county's trades and industrial arts. Produced by the museum in 2024, it documents Orange County and Hillsborough history through the work people did.

  • Foundational · NC 975.656 CAM Hillsborough and the Regulators Cameron, Annie Sutton · 1964

    Annie Sutton Cameron's short account of Hillsborough during the Regulator uprising of 1766 to 1771, when backcountry farmers protested colonial officials and courts and Hillsborough, as the seat of Orange County, stood at the center of the conflict. Published by the Orange County Historical Museum in Hillsborough in 1964, 36 pages with illustrations.

Where to look next on the shelf

These books don’t necessarily mention Orange County Historical Museum, but they cover where it stands, its kind of building and the land, family and burial records behind it, and they are where a search for a place like this usually goes next. All are at OCPL, most in the Wall Collection.

Histories of the town and county

  • Start here · NC 975.656 LLO History of the Town of Hillsborough, 1754-1982 Lloyd, Allen Alexander · 1983

    A 1982 revision of Allen Alexander Lloyd's history of Hillsborough, now written with Pauline O. Lloyd and carried forward from the town's founding in 1754 to 1982. Published in Hillsborough by A. A. Lloyd, 310 pages with illustrations and a bibliography.

  • Rebecca Wall Collection · NC 975.656 HOLADAY Hillsborough Holaday, Chris · 2002

    J. Chris Holaday's Images of America volume on Hillsborough (Arcadia, 2002), built mostly from photographs and postcards. Chapters cover homes, churches and schools, business and industry, local people, scenes around town, and sports, entertainment and events.

  • Foundational · 975.656 RYAN Orange County Trio: Hillsborough, Chapel Hill, and Carrboro, North Carolina, Histories and Tour Guides Ryan, Elizabeth Shreve · 2004

    Elizabeth Shreve Ryan's combined histories and tour guides for Hillsborough, Chapel Hill and Carrboro, the three towns of Orange County, with the University of North Carolina treated alongside Chapel Hill. Each town gets a narrative history and a tour of its streets and buildings. Published by Chapel Hill Press in 2004, 369 pages with illustrations and maps.

Buildings and surveys

  • Foundational · NC 720.975 BIS A Guide to the Historic Architecture of Piedmont North Carolina Bishir, Catherine W. · 2003

    Catherine W. Bishir and Michael T. Southern's field guide to the historic buildings of the North Carolina Piedmont, arranged county by county from Wake and Franklin in the east to Mecklenburg and Gaston in the west. The Orange County section takes in Hillsborough, Chapel Hill and Carrboro along with the rural county, with entries on individual buildings and maps for finding them. Published 2003, 596 pages with illustrations and maps.

  • Foundational · NC 720.975 HILLSBOR Hillsborough Historic District Inventory 2006

    An inventory of the buildings in the Hillsborough Historic District, dated 2006. It concerns historic buildings and the buildings and structures of Hillsborough. Useful for anyone checking a particular property in the town's historic district.

  • Start here · NC 720.975 BEL Photocensus: A Photographic Survey of Buildings in the Hillsborough, N.C. Historic District Built Before 1950 Bellinger, Susan McArtor · 1991

    Susan McArtor Bellinger's photographic survey of the buildings in the Hillsborough Historic District put up before 1950, self-published in Hillsborough in 1991. Arranged as a guidebook, it records houses and other structures in photographs. 142 pages with illustrations.

Show 1 more
  • Rebecca Wall Collection · 917.565 DUL The Pelican Guide to Hillsborough, Historic Orange County, North Carolina Dula, Lucile Noell · 1989

    Lucile Noell Dula's guidebook to Hillsborough and its historic buildings, published by Pelican in 1989. It pairs a tour of the town with notes on its history, in 128 illustrated pages with a bibliography. Part of the Wall Local History Collection.

Land, family and burial records

  • Foundational · NC 333.3 DUNAWAY Hillsborough, North Carolina History of Town Lots: The Complete Reference Guide Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2013

    Stewart E. Dunaway worked through Hillsborough, N.C., lot by lot, giving each town lot a synopsis of its history, a plat showing where it sits and transcripts of the deeds he could locate for it. The second issue runs to 720 pages with illustrations, maps and facsimiles.

  • Rebecca Wall Collection · NC 333.3 DUNAWAY Hillsborough, North Carolina History of Town Lots: Addendum 2015 Dunaway, Stewart E. · 2015

    Stewart E. Dunaway's 2015 addendum to his history of Hillsborough's town lots, adding deed records arranged by lot number and further town history, with the expansion of the 1890s covered for the first time. Self-published in North Carolina as version 1.0, 446 pages with illustrations, facsimiles and maps. Topics include deeds, court records, land titles and real property in Hillsborough.

  • Foundational · NC 333.3 IND An Index to the Town Lots of Hillsborough: Orange County, North Carolina 1982

    An index to the town lots of Hillsborough, Orange County, compiled in 1982 as a guide to the deeds and court records that trace each lot's ownership.

In the chronology

Storyline about this site, with a page of its own:

  1. Hillsborough women organize the Hillsborough Garden Club Twelve Hillsborough women met in an old school building in 1925 to form a garden club, and began by cleaning lots in the business district and planting crepe myrtles along the downtown streets. The club later sponsored the founding of the Orange County Historical Museum. Hillsborough Garden Club: Our History
  2. Hillsborough builds the Confederate Memorial Library Federal relief crews began a new library on Churton Street in Hillsborough in December 1933, with local money, including $7,000 from the Hillsborough United Daughters of the Confederacy, paying for materials. The cornerstone of the Confederate Memorial Public Library was laid on July 13, 1934, and the building became the Orange County Historical Museum in 1983. The Chapel Hill Weekly, July 20, 1934, p. 3 (Laying of Cornerstone)
  3. The Orange County Historical Museum opens The Hillsborough Garden Club, led by Mrs. Clarence Jones, founded the Orange County Historical Museum, which opened in November 1957 on the second floor of the 1845 Orange County Courthouse after the county commissioners approved the space and gave $250. The museum moved to its Churton Street home in 1983. The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), November 14, 1957, p. 1 · Also: Orange County Historical Museum: Our History
  4. Commissioners give register of deeds John Laws's 1817 desk to the county museum The Board of County Commissioners assigned to the Orange County Historical Museum a battered desk dated 1817 that longtime register of deeds John Laws had used and that had stood in a corner of the veterans service office. A Laws descendant who had asked for the desk offered instead to have it refinished and presented to the museum. The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), March 5, 1959, p. 1
  5. The Hillsboro Garden Club holds its Historic Homes and Gardens Tour Visitors from nineteen states and four foreign countries took the club's tour, which opened eighteen houses and public buildings and included a spring flower show at the Legion hut. Chairman Mrs. Van Kenyon Jr. reported about $900 in ticket sales, and in May the club gave $300 of the proceeds to the Orange County Historical Museum. The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 30, 1959, p. 1
  6. Mary Claire Engstrom helps found the Hillsborough Historical Society Mary Claire Engstrom was instrumental in founding the Hillsborough Historical Society, which by early 1963 had bought the Read House, issued six numbers of its News-Letter and enrolled 234 members, and which held its third annual meeting on October 9, 1964. It filed National Register applications for local buildings, led walking tours and published newsletters and journals, and merged with the Orange County Historical Museum in 2007. NCpedia: Engstrom, Mary Claire · Also: Internet Archive: North Carolina Historical Review 40; Internet Archive: North Carolina Historical Review 42
  7. The Orange County Historical Museum reopens in the old courthouse after refurbishing Hillsboro women including Mrs. Marion Roberts and Mrs. Clarence D. Jones spent months refurbishing the county museum in the old courthouse, which reopened with Governor Thomas Burke's desk top, a flax wheel and early courthouse relics such as branding irons, shackles and the jail key. It was open Sundays from 2 to 4 and by appointment. The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), January 10, 1963, p. 1
  8. Hillsborough opens its historic houses for a spring pilgrimage Most of the houses shown in the Hillsborough Historical Society's March 29 color slide program at the New Courthouse, photographed for their architectural details inside and out, were opened to visitors in the society's spring pilgrimage on April 27 and 28, 1963. No gardens were included. Mrs. H. W. Moore chaired the projects committee and James H. Coman ran the slide program. The News of Orange reported about 2,000 visitors over the two days, and the society's treasurer put the proceeds from tickets and an odds-and-ends sale at nearly $4,500, part of it for the Orange County Historical Museum and the rest for the society's restoration projects. Internet Archive: "Historical News", North Carolina Historical Review 40 (1963), p. 418 · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), May 2, 1963, p. 9
  9. Commissioners name Clerk of Court Edwin M. Lynch keeper of the county's 1758 standard weights At the Hillsborough Historical Society's request, the county commissioners named Superior Court Clerk Edwin M. Lynch keeper of the weights, now an honorary post, for the 20-piece set of standard weights and measures bought for Orange County in England in 1758. The set, still county property, was on display in the Orange County Historical Museum in the old courthouse. People: Edwin M. Lynch The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), March 12, 1964, p. 1
  10. Allen A. and Pauline O. Lloyd publish a history of the town of Hillsborough Pharmacist Allen A. Lloyd published a 200-page, illustrated History of the Town of Hillsborough, with his wife Pauline O. Lloyd named as co-author, after working on it since 1945. He paid about $2,500 to print it and by April 2, 1964 was selling copies at $4 at James Pharmacy, which he ran, and through the Orange County Historical Museum. The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), April 2, 1964, p. 23
  11. The Orange County Historical Museum publishes Annie Sutton Cameron's Hillsborough and the Regulators By December 3, 1964 the Orange County Historical Museum had Annie Sutton Cameron's illustrated booklet on sale, at 75 cents at the museum or $1.00 by mail. The 35-page booklet, written for seventh-grade students of North Carolina history, included a chapter on Hillsborough as it looked in 1768. A 1967 review called it an informative, readable and documented account of the colonial town. People: Annie Sutton Cameron Internet Archive: "Historical News", North Carolina Historical Review 42 (1965), p. 124 · Also: The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), December 3, 1964, p. 1; The News of Orange County (Hillsborough), December 3, 1964, p. 10
  12. Orange County Public Library moves to larger quarters in Hillsborough Volunteers were sought to move the Orange County Public Library's 30,000 books from the 1934 library building on Churton Street to new quarters in the Human Services Complex in Hillsborough, the former Hillsborough High School on West Tryon Street, with the move planned for the end of December 1981. The old building became the Orange County Historical Museum. DigitalNC: North Carolina Anvil, December 25, 1981, page 7
Show all 14 dated events
  1. Orange County's Museum and Historical Society Merge In May 2007 the Orange County Historical Museum, founded by the Hillsborough Garden Club in 1957, merged with the Hillsborough Historical Society to form the Historical Foundation of Hillsborough and Orange County, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. The News of Orange reported the merger in its June 20, 2007 issue. Orange County Historical Museum: Our History
  2. Hillsborough votes to remove "Confederate Memorial" lettering from the former library The 1934 public library building on North Churton Street, home of the Orange County Historical Museum since 1983, still carried part of its "Confederate Memorial Library 1934" sign. After museum leaders asked in June 2015 to take the words down, saying some Black residents felt unwelcome, the Hillsborough Board of Commissioners voted that year to remove the sign from the pediment. People: Tom Stevens Historical Marker Database: Historic Corner marker, Hillsborough (Public Library panel)

Open these in the chronology →

Research sources

Sources cited in this site’s history, National Register documents, and places to get research help. Research guide: Investigate a school or community institution.

Background

National Register files

Historic sites, markers, and maps

Records of the time 12

Show all 12

Collections and databases

Local help

Nearby

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Two mice reading back to back against a leaf, with the hand-lettered words Friends of the Orange County Public Library
Illustration by Caldecott Medalist Matthew Cordell, gifted to the Friends 2026